Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zemithi kwiplanethi yonke. Ngokophononongo oluthile, kukho amashumi amathandathu amawaka eentlobo zemithi eyodwa eMhlabeni. Bubukrwada! Le mifuno ayihlali kuphela emahlathini nasemahlathini, kodwa nakwiigadi zethu kunye nemifuno. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umthi ukhule?
Siza kuphendula ngokuchanekileyo lo mbuzo kweli nqaku. Ngokucacileyo, asiyiyo yonke imithi ekhula ngesantya esifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, siza kucacisa zeziphi izinto ezinempembelelo kwaye siza kuphawula malunga nokuba yeyiphi imithi ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngowuphi umthi othatha ixesha elide ukukhula.
ukukhula komthi
Masiqale ngokuphendula umbuzo omkhulu: Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umthi ukhule? Impendulo ilula, kodwa ayichanekanga: Kuxhomekeke. Ezinye iintlobo zale mifuno mikhulu zikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa ezinye zikhula ngokucothayo. Kukho izinto ezimbini ezibonisa ukuba imithi ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani: Iintlobo zemithi kunye nendawo. Lo mba wokugqibela ubalulekile kuphuhliso lwezityalo ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi esiza kuzixoxa ngezantsi.
Imozulu kunye nobushushu
Ngokuqhelekileyo, imifuno ikholisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza xa ikwimozulu eshushu. Ngesi sizathu, uninzi lweentlobo zemithi ezihlala kufutshane ne-ikhweyitha zinokukhula iimitha ezininzi ngonyaka omnye kwaye zifikelele ekuvuthweni kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini okanye elishumi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, imithi efumaneka kwimimandla esemantla idla ngokukhula ngokucothayo. Enyanisweni, kwiimeko ezininzi azidluli kwimitha enye, okanye ezimbini, ngonyaka omnye.
Kwakhona Ukukhanya kwelanga kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwesityalo. Ukuqhubela phambili nomzekelo wemithi ye-ikhweyitha, le ngokuqhelekileyo ifumana ukukhanya kwelanga okuninzi, okuluncedo kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwayo kunye ne-photosynthesis. Ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba iintlobo zemithi yaseCosta Rica zikhula ngokukhawuleza kunemithi yaseNorway.
Inkalo ekwaphembelela ngokwemiqathango yobushushu ukuphakama komhlaba. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, imithi ekhula kwimimandla yealpine ithanda ukukhula ngokucothayo kunaleyo ifumaneka kwiindawo ezisezantsi.
Umxholo othile kunye nemvula
Enye into eyenza indawo ibaluleke kakhulu yimeko ethile. Makhe sithathe imizekelo embalwa: Umthi okhula ekukhanyeni kwelanga ukhula ngokukhawuleza kunomnye weentlobo ezifanayo ezisemthunzini, okanye umthi okhula emazantsi enduli unokukhula kancinane okanye ngokukhawuleza kunomnye wohlobo olufanayo. ephezu kwaloo nduli.
Xa kuziwa ekumiseleni ukuba imithi ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, imvula idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Amanzi abalulekile kuphuhliso lwazo zonke izityalo. Umzekelo ocacileyo obonisa esi sibakala ngummandla wamahlathi ashinyeneyo, afumaneka eUnited States. Ininzi kakhulu imvula kule ndawo kunawo wonke uMntla Merika, yaye ngenxa yoko, imithi yalapho yeyona mide eMhlabeni. Phakathi kwazo kukho bomvu, Sitka spruce, sequoia enkulu, kunye Umlobi kaDouglas. Ngokucacileyo, umthamo wamanzi awuchaphazeli nje ukuphakama kwemithi, kodwa kunye nezinga lokukhula kwazo.
Yeyiphi eyona mithi ikhula ngokukhawuleza?
Ngoku ekubeni sicacelwe ngezinto eziphembelela ukukhula komthi, makhe sibone ukuba ziyintoni na eyona ikhawulezayo ukufikelela kumphakamo:
- Umthi womthuthu: Ukukhula kwayo kukhawuleza kakhulu, yiyo loo nto ithandwa kakhulu kwiigadi kunye nokuvuna iinkuni zayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ifikelela kumphakamo ophakathi kweshumi elinesihlanu ukuya kumashumi amabini eemitha.
- Isau: Kukho iindidi ezingaphezu kwama-400 zemingcunube, ezinye zazo zikhula ngokukhawuleza kunezinye. Ekubeni lo mthi ungowona mthunzi, uthandwa kakhulu kwiipaki.
- I-Eucalyptus: Ngenxa yokuxhathisa okukhulu kunye nokukhula okukhawulezayo, i-eucalyptus isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lezithambiso nakwishishini lokwenziwa kwephepha nefenitshala.
- I-Chestnut yehashe: Ukwaziwa njenge-chestnut yobuxoki, lo mthi unako ukufikelela kubude obufikelela kumashumi amathathu eemitha, kodwa uninzi luhlala luhlala phakathi kweemitha ezilishumi ukuya kwezingamashumi amabini.
- Mimosa: I-mimosa luhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu lwe-acacia kwiigadi kunye neepaki, ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngokukhawuleza kunye nexabiso layo lokuhombisa.
Ngowuphi umthi othatha ixesha elide ukukhula?
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, kunzima ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umthi ukhule. Sekunjalo, masibeke eminye imizekelo yemithi edumileyo kwaye ngendlela esibona ngayo ukuba yeyiphi eyona ithatha ixesha elide ukukhula. Ngale ndlela sinokufumana umbono oqikelelweyo wexesha lokukhula:
- Umthi wepayini: Olu hlobo lomthi lukhula ngokukhawuleza. Iyakwazi ukufikelela malunga neesentimitha ezingamashumi amahlanu ububanzi kwisiqu kwiminyaka nje engamashumi amabini.
- Moringa: Imvelaphi yaseIndiya, lo mthi uqalisa ukudumba kwiinyanga nje ezisibhozo emva kokutyala. Iziqhamo eziyivelisayo zivuthwa malunga neenyanga ezintathu.
- Holm oki: Kunoko, um-oki uthabatha ixesha lawo ukukhula. Olu hlobo lomthi ludla ngokunika iacorns yokuqala xa ineminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala.
- Walnut: Kwiminyaka emihlanu kuphela ubudala, umthi we-walnut sele uqala ukuthwala amantongomane okuqala. Ngoko ke, ukukhula kwalo mthi kukhawuleza kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa neminye.
- Oak: Um-oki mhlawumbi ngowona mithi ukhula kade, mhlawumbi owona kade. Olu hlobo lunokuphila ukuya kwiminyaka engama-600 kwaye luthatha malunga nama-200 ukuba lukhule ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaphandle kokungakwazi ukunika umzobo ochanekileyo ochaza ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umthi ukhule, ndiyathemba ukuba uye wakwazi ukufumana ingcamango eqikelelweyo yexesha apho iintlobo ezithile zemithi zinokuthatha. Ukubona indlela umthi okhula ngayo kwaye ukhule ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka ube nomonde omkhulu.