Redwood

Las Imithi ebomvu Ziyi-conifers ezinomtsalane, kungekuphela nje kubungakanani bazo kodwa nakwithuba lokuphila kwazo. Ngapha koko, banokuphila ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-3000 XNUMX, lo gama iimeko zilungile. Ukukhula kwabo kuyacotha xa sithelekisa neminye imithi, kodwa oko kuyabasebenzela, kuba ubusika buyabanda kwaye bunzima kangangokuba bunyanzelisa ukuba bayeke yonke imisebenzi yabo, ngaphandle kwale ibalulekileyo njengokuphefumla. Emva kwexesha, entwasahlobo, ukuvuka kwabo kuhamba kancinci, ukuze emva konyaka babe nakho ukukhula malunga neenyanga ezintlanu, mhlawumbi iinyanga ezintandathu ngethamsanqa.

Imozulu kwindawo ezihlala kuyo ezi zigebenga iyaqheleka ezintabeni, ihlobo elinobushushu obubandayo nobusika. Ukuwa kwekhephu kuhlala rhoqo kwixesha lokugqibela lonyaka, ke kulimo banokukhula kuphela kwiindawo ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, kufanelekile ukubazi nzulu.

Yintoni umthi obomvu?

'ISecuoya' ligama esilisebenzisayo ukubhekisa kuthotho lwemithi, ngakumbi ii-conifers, ezinokufikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezili-115. Phuhlisa umboko othe tye, ngokungathi yintsika, eqina njengokuba ixesha lihamba, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kweemitha ezisibhozo kwisiseko sayo.

Ezi zizityalo ezinamagqabi obungakanani obuguqukayo, obude kunye nohlaza. Iicones zinee ovoid ezikwimo kwaye zikhula kwisithuba seenyanga ezisibhozo ukuya kwezisi-XNUMX emva kokuba impova yenzekile ngasekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Iindidi zemithi ebomvu

Zintathu iintlobo ze-sequoia, kodwa njengoko siza kubona, inye kuphela eyeyohlobo lweSecuoia. Abanye ababini zizalamane ezikude kule, kodwa zezendidi ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sibone ukuba zintoni:

I-Redwood (Sequoia iispervirens)

Le yi 'redwood yokwenyani' ngokuthetha. Iyaziwa njenge bomvu okanye i-redwood yaseCalifornia, kwaye yeyakhe njengoko siqhubele phambili kuhlobo lweSequoia. Ifumaneka kunxweme lwePasifiki kuMntla Merika, kubude obuphakathi kweemitha ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-920 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezili-115, ihlala iluhlaza kwaye ixesha lokuphila kwayo limalunga neminyaka engama-3200 XNUMX.

I-sequoia enkulu (Sequoiadendrum giganteum)

La sequoia enkulu sisiqhamo esihlala siluhlaza esaziwa njenge-velintonia, iSierra sequoia okanye umthi omkhulu wemveli kwinxalenye esentshona yeSierra Nevada, eCalifornia, ngokukodwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezisusela kwi-1400 ukuya kwi-2150 yeemitha ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle. Inokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-105 ukuphakama, nangona into eqhelekileyo kukuba bahlala 'kuphela' kwiimitha ezingama-50-85. Ixesha labo lokuphila lijikeleze iminyaka engama-3000-3200.

IMetasequoia (IMetasequoia glyptostroboides)

I-metasequoia okanye i-metasecoya yi-conifer encinci enxulumene neSequoia. Ngapha koko, kukho iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo ezahlulahlula:

• Es isigqibo.
• Izinga lokukhula kwalo, ngokubanzi, liyakhawuleza.
• Ubungakanani bayo kanye xa ifikelela ebudaleni imalunga Iimitha ezili-45 ukuphakama, kunye nesiqu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 yeemitha ububanzi.

Ukongeza, ivela e-China, ngakumbi iSichuan kunye ne Hubei. Kodwa njengentshisakalo kufuneka uyazi ukuba ngexesha le-Paleocene-Eocene, yayihlala nakwindawo esentshona North Dakota eUnited States, naseDurango eMexico.

Njengokuba oko kwakungonelanga, luhlobo olungafuneki kangako, yiyo loo nto isanda kufunyanwa kwiigadi kwimimandla enemozulu epholileyo kunye nepholileyo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukukhula kweSequoia?

Kukho intetho eninzi yokuba le mithi iyacotha, kodwa ... enyanisweni, ukuba ingaba isityalo siyacotha ukukhula okanye ukuxhomekeka kancinci kuxhomekeke kwimozulu, umhlaba, ufuzo kunye nemiceli mngeni ejongene nayo. Ubuso bakhe ebomini bakhe (izinambuzane , izifo, utshintsho olukhulu kubushushu, ...).

Kodwa ukuba i-redwood iqhuba kakuhle kwaye awunangxaki zininzi, into eqhelekileyo kukuba kuthatha malunga neminyaka engama-20 ukwenza isiqu; Kwelinye icala, i-metasecoya iyakuthatha ixesha elincinci, phakathi kwe-10-15 iminyaka.

Ukhula malini umthi obomvu ngonyaka?

Kwakhona, kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, kodwa ikhula ngokubanzi ibe ziisentimitha ezi-2-5 ngonyaka. Unokufumana ukukhula okuncinci ukuba ulichumisa rhoqo ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ngezichumisi ezinje ngeguano okanye umgquba. Kodwa ewe, musa ukulindela ukuba ingakhula ngeesentimitha ezingama-20 ngonyaka 😉.

Ifumaneka phi eyona sequoia inkulu ehlabathini?

Owona mthi mkhulu emhlabeni yi-sequoia enkulu, eyeyentlobo Sequoia iispervirens. Yaziwa njengeHyperion, kwaye ifumaneka kwiRedwood National Park, emantla eSan Francisco eCarlifonia. Ilinganisa i-115,9 yeemitha, kwaye namhlanje sesona sizwana siphakamileyo esifunyenweyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho enye ekufanele ukuba ikhankanywe. Iintlobo zezazo Sequoiadendron giganteum. Bambiza ngokuba nguGeneral Sherman, kwaye uhlala eSequoia National Park, eCalifornia. Kucingelwa ukuba ngumntu ophilayo oneyona biomass iphezulu emhlabeni, kuba nangona iphantsi kune Hyperion kwiimitha ezingama-83,8, umboko wayo utyebile kakhulu, enobubanzi obumalunga neemitha ezili-11. Ukongeza, ubude bamasebe ayo malunga ne-40 yeemitha.

Luluphi unonophelo ekufuneka lubonelelwe kubo?

Ukuba unesibindi sokuba nomzekelo obomvu, sicebisa ukuba uyikhathalele ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ubicación: kufuneka ibe ngaphandle, emthunzini omnyama.
• Umhlaba:
  • Igadi: ityebile ngento yendalo, inomsele olungileyo.
  • Imbiza: umxube we-substrate wezityalo ezineasidi (kwintengiso apha) nge-30% ye-perlite.
• Unkcenkceshelo: ukumodareyitha ukuya rhoqo. Amanzi amaxesha ama-3-4 ngeveki ehlotyeni, nangaphantsi konyaka usebenzise amanzi emvula okanye ikalika.
• UmbhalisiUkusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kude kube sekupheleni kwehlobo ngezichumisi zendalo, ezinje ngeguyano, umgquba, umgquba okanye umgquba ovela kwizilwanyana ezitya utyani umzekelo.
• Ukuphindaphinda: yandiswa ngembewu ebusika, ekufuneka ibiyelwe kwifriji iinyanga ezintathu. Ukuhluma kancinci. Banokuthatha iinyanga ezi-2-3 ngaphezulu ukuntshula.
• Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza: zilungele indawo apho imozulu iphakathi kwaye ifumile, namaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe -18ºC kunye nama-30ºC.

Ucinga ntoni ngezi conifers?