Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Nefronus
Kummandla weMeditera sifumana umthi ohlala uluhlaza onokuphila malunga neminyaka engama-500-600, kwaye ukudubula kwayo kulindelwe kakhulu, kuba emva kwayo ukuvuthwa kweminquma esiyithanda kakhulu kwenzeka. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nale nxalenye yesityalo, ekubeni emva kwayo yonke into, ngaphandle kwayo, ayiyi kuvelisa iziqhamo.
Ngoko ke ndiza kukuxelela lithini igama lentyatyambo yomnquma, xa ibonakala, kwaye yintoni efuna ukuqhakaza ngokukhawuleza.
Yintoni igama lentyatyambo yomnquma?
Intyatyambo ye-protagonist yethu ifumana amagama amaninzi, njenge cadillo, plot, eskimo okanye rapa, kuxhomekeke kwindawo. Isizwana ngasinye sinenkcubeko yaso, ulwimi lwaso, yaye ukuba siyayiqwalasela indlela ezibaluleke ngayo izityalo kuthi sonke, akumele kusimangalise ukuba sizibiza ngokuba zezethu kakhulu. Kakade ke, oku kunokusibhida kamva, kuba kudla ngokuba yimeko yokuba igama elifanayo lisetyenziswa ukubhekisa kwizityalo ezininzi, ngelixa linamagama enzululwazi, likwindalo yonke (ngokuyinxenye, ngenxa yokuba isityalo ngasinye sinomnye owamkelwa ziingcali zezityalo) , akwenzeki oku.
Kodwa kusenomdla ukwazi la magama, kuba, njengoko nditshoyo, nawo ayinxalenye yenkcubeko yethu. Kwaye, masiyivume, xa sithetha ngezityalo asiqhelekanga ukuzibiza ngegama lazo lezityalo, kodwa yilo esilivile kakhulu ebomini bethu. Kodwa masingaze siphambuke.
Injani intyatyambo yomnquma kwaye ivela nini?
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / H. Zell
Umthi womnquma uvelisa iintyatyambo kumaqela amafutshane, malunga neesentimitha ezintlanu ubuninzi, ngexesha lentwasahlobo (phakathi kuka-Aprili noMeyi). zatsho iintyatyambo Zincinci, zilinganisa ngaphantsi kwe-0,5 cm.; Ukongeza, banamacembe amane amhlophe kunye neziko leorenji.
Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukwazi oko kukho iindidi ezimbini zeentyatyambo: i-hermaphrodites, ezo ziza kuvelisa iziqhamo, kunye ne-staminiferous ene-stamens kuphela kwaye, ngoko ke, iyindoda, ngoko ayikwazi ukuvelisa iminquma.
Umthi womnquma uqalisa ukudubula kwiminyaka emingaphi?
Umthi womnquma ngumthi odla ngokuthatha ixesha elide ukuvelisa iintyatyambo zawo. Ngethuba leminyaka yokuqala ikhula kakhulu kwaye kwinqanaba elinomdla (malunga ne-30-40cm / ngonyaka), ngoko sinokucinga ukuba iya kuqhakaza kungekudala. Kodwa oku akunjalo, kuba sithetha ngesityalo esithi, ukuze ithwale isiqhamo, kuqala kufuneka ichithe ixesha elithile (iminyaka) emhlabeni, ukuze iingcambu zayo "zibambe" kakuhle kwaye ziqale ukubonelela ngamanzi kunye nezondlo kuwo wonke umthi.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kufuneka sibe nomonde ukuba injongo yethu kukukhulisa umthi womnquma kwimbewu, ekubeni into eqhelekileyo kukuba iintyatyambo zayo zokuqala azintshuli de kube semva kweminyaka eyi-10. Ukuba kukusikwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuthatha ixesha elincinci kakhulu, malunga neminyaka emi-4-5 ukuba ivela kwisebe le-semi-woody. Kodwa ngendlela efanayo kuya kufuneka siwunike ukhathalelo olusisiseko ukuze uchume kwaye uthwale isiqhamo.
Kutheni intyatyambo yomnquma ibangela aleji?
I-protagonist yethu ngumthi ongowosapho lwe-Oleaceae, intsapho eyabelana ngayo neminye imithi eyaziwa kakhulu kwiigadi, ezifana ne-lilac (I-Syringa vulgaris), umlotha (Fraxinus) okanye i-privet (Ligustrum). Abanye abantu, kuquka nam, banokuba nexesha elibi kakhulu ukuba sinesinye sezi zityalo ezikufutshane: umzimba wethu usabela kakhulu kwi-pollen, ebangela ukuba amehlo ethu acaphuke kunye/okanye abebomvu, sithimla, kunye/okanye sikhohlele kancinci. Ngoba?
Ewe, impendulo yalo mbuzo kuya kufuneka uyinikwe ngugqirha, kodwa ngokusuka koko ndikufundileyo oku inokuba ngenxa yokuvezwa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokuba kunjalo kukuxinana okuphezulu kwe-pollen exeliweyo. Ngamanye amazwi, 'kulula' kumntu oye waphila ubomi bakhe bonke eMeditera ukuba abe ne-allergies kwi-pollen yomthi womnquma kunomntu ohlala eNorway, umzekelo, apho imozulu ibanda kakhulu kwesi sityalo kwaye, ngenxa yoko. , Kakhulu apho ayikwazi ukukhula.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuba nawe unokwaliwa ngumnquma, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukungaphumi endlwini phakathi kwemini, okanye ukuba kuyanyanzeleka, nxiba imaski (ewe, iFFP2 eyaziwayo iyakukhonza).
Ziziphi iimfuno zomthi womnquma?
Ukuze umnquma uchume kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba imozulu ipholile, kwaye ishushu. Masikhumbule ukuba uhlobo lwe-autochthonous lwengingqi yeMeditera, apho amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-35-40ºC ephezulu (ehlotyeni), kunye ne-7ºC kwezinye iindawo ngeyona nyanga ibanda kakhulu enyakeni, exhomekeke kwindawo ingaba nguJanuwari okanye ngoFebruwari. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuze intyatyambo ikhule, akufuneki kubekho iqabaka kade (ngoMatshi/Aprili), ekubeni kungenjalo iintyatyambo ziya konakala.
Kwakhona, kufuneka ibe selangeni imini yonke. Ayisiso isityalo esinokuze sibe semthunzini; enyanisweni, ukususela ebutsheni balo likhula ngokuthe nkqo, ukusa kowona mthombo unamandla wokukhanya, ilanga.
Ngaba kulungile ukunkcenkceshela umthi womnquma kwiintyatyambo?
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Júlio Reis
Kwidolophu endihlala kuyo, enye yezona ndawo zome kwisiqithi saseMallorca (kuphela malunga ne-350mm yemvula ewela kumyinge, phakathi kwentwasahlobo, ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kunye nencinci ebusika), kukho abantu abanemithi yomnquma neyecarob abazikhathaleleyo; oko kukuthi, azinkcenkceshelwa okanye nantoni na, ngamanye amaxesha zixutywa ngezichumisi eziphilayo.
Into endiyithethayo ngale nto kukuba, ewe, ungawunkcenkceshela umthi wakho womnquma ngentyatyambo, kodwa ukuba ubusemhlabeni kangangonyaka okanye ngaphezulu, akuyomfuneko.. Kuyacaca ukuba xa uyiphethe embizeni kuya kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele kuba kungenjalo iya koma. Kwenze kanye okanye ubuninzi kabini ngeveki.
Ucinga ntoni ngentyatyambo yomnquma? Ngaba uyifumana intle?