UNicotiana

Las UNicotiana Luhlobo lwemithi emincinci kunye namatyholo, anokusetyenziswa njengothango kuba ngawo sinokuba nomda omhle.

Zizityalo ezilondolozo lwazo lulula kuba ziyamelana neqabaka ezibuthathaka kodwa kwaye ziphila ngokumangalisayo kwimimandla efudumeleyo, enje nge-subtropics. Bazi.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zeNicotiana

INicotiana luhlobo lwamayeza kunye namatyholo azalelwa kwimimandla enesimo sezulu eshushu kunye neetropiki zehlabathi, ngakumbi eMantla nase Mzantsi Melika, e-Australia, kumazantsi-ntshona e-Afrika nakumazantsi ePacific. Zikhula ziye kubude obuphakathi kwe-0,50cm kunye ne-3-4 yeemitha..

Amagqabi aphelele, aluhlaza, kwaye ahlala eluhlaza (okt ahlala kwisityalo iinyanga ezimbalwa-ngamanye amaxesha ngonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nohlobo). Intyatyambo emhlophe, emthubi okanye epinki iyadubula entlakohlaza-ehlotyeni. Iziqhamo zincinci kwaye zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kwehlobo / ekuqaleni kokwindla.

Iintlobo eziphambili

Uhlobo lwenziwe malunga ne-45 yeendidi, zezona zibaluleke kakhulu zezi:

UNikotiana benthamiana

Sisityalo esineeherbaceous esizalwa ziinduli namawa asemantla eOstreliya. Unokufikelela kubude obuphezulu beemitha ezingama-1,5, kunye namagqabi aluhlaza ovate, kwaye avelise iintyatyambo ezimhlophe.

UNicotiana glauca

Eyaziwa ngokuba ngumthi wecuba, i-gandul, okanye i-palán palán, sisihlahla okanye isihlahla esincinci esivela eArgentina naseBolivia ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-6. Amagqabi ayi-ovate, elliptical okanye oblong, aluhlaza-luhlaza ngombala. Sivelisa iintyatyambo ezityheli ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo / ehlotyeni.

E-Spain yafakwa kwikhathalogu yaseSpain yeeNdawo eziNgenayo zoMthetho wasebukhosini ka-630/2013 ka-Agasti 2, kuba iye yaqheleka kuwo onke amathambeka eMeditera apho sele ibangele iingxaki eAlicante, eMurcia nakwezinye iindawo zelizwe ezinje. kwiPaki yeSizwe yaseTimanfaya (Lanzarote, Canary Islands). Nangona kunjalo, nge-21 kaJanuwari, i-2015 ukubandakanywa kuye kwarhoxiswa.

IRustic nicotiana

Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-mapacho okanye i-picietl, sisityalo se-shrubby esivela eMzantsi Melika ifikelela kubude obufikelela kwimitha enye. Amagqabi aluhlaza, ovate, okanye elliptical, kwaye avelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe-mthubi.

UNicotiana tabacum

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, yeyona yaziwayo. Eyaziwa ngokuba yiVirginia icuba, i-peten, okanye ingca engcwele, yonyaka, i-biennial, okanye i-herb engapheliyo e-tropical America. Ifikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe-50cm kunye ne-3 yeemitha, kwaye ivelise amagqabi amakhulu, aluhlaza, ovate kumagqabi e-lanceolate. Iintyatyambo ziluhlaza-tyheli okanye pinki.

Kukholelwa ukuba yindalo yendalo UNicotiana sylvestris y UNicotiana tomentosa.

Luluphi unonophelo abalufunayo?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

Ubicación

Sisityalo esithi kufuneka ibe kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuze ibe nokukhula ngokuchanekileyo.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yeentyatyamboI-substrate kufuneka ichume, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyigcwalise ngesigcina-kufuma (siyathengiswa apha), Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuxuba kunye ne-20 okanye i-30% ye-perlite, i-arlite (iyathengiswa apha) okanye efanayo ukuze ibe nomsele olungileyo.
• Jadini: Ikhula kwimihlaba etyebileyo ngezinto eziphilayo, ikhuphe amanzi kakuhle.

Unkcenkceshelo

Rhoqo, ngakumbi ukuba ikhuliswa embizeni. Kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele umndilili wamaxesha ama-3-4 ngeveki ehlotyeni, kunye nomndilili we-1-2 ngeveki unyaka wonke.

Umbhalisi

Ngentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ngezichumisi zendalo ezinje iguano, umgquba okanye umgquba ophuma kwizilwanyana ezitya utyani.

Ukuphindaphinda

INicotiana zande ngembewu entwasahlobo, ngokulandela eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Kuqala, zibeke kwiglasi yamanzi iiyure ezingama-24. Ngale ndlela uyakukwazi ukuba zeziphi eziza kuhluma ziphantse zikhuseleke ngokupheleleyo- iya kuba zezizo zitshonayo- kwaye ezingayi kuthi.
2. Emva kwelo xesha, gcwalisa itreyi yesithole okanye iimbiza ezininzi ngomhlaba wezithole (ziyathengiswa apha) kunye namanzi.
3. Emva koko, beka ubuninzi beembewu ezimbini kwisokethi nganye okanye embizeni. Ngale ndlela, uyaqinisekisa ukuba zininzi ezinokufikelela kubuntu obudala.
4. Okokugqibela, bagqume ngomaleko omncinci we-substrate, amanzi kwakhona, kwaye ubeke ibhedi yembewu ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo.

Ngenxa yoko ziya kuhluma malunga neentsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-20.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

Ayinayo. Mhlawumbi i-mealybug ukuba imeko-bume yomile kakhulu, kodwa akukho nto imbi. Ungayisusa ngesandla, okanye unyange nge-diatomaceous earth (iyathengiswa Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo). Ngexesha lemvula, njengothintelo kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iinkumba kunye ne-slug repellants.

Ukuthena

Akuyomfuneko ngokwenene. Susa kuphela amasebe owomileyo kunye namagqabi owabonayo.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

Ngentwasahlobo.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Kuxhomekeka kwindidi, kodwa ngokubanzi bayamelana nengqele kwaye abanye iqabaka okoko nje bebuthathaka.

Zeziphi izinto abazinikwayo?

Umhlobiso

Zizityalo ezo inokulinywa zombini ezimbizeni nasegadini. Bavelisa iintyatyambo ezintle, kwaye ukugcinwa kwazo kulula kakhulu.

Njengeyeza lokubulala izitshabalalisi

Amagqabi ecuba sisibulali zinambuzane, kuba thintela kwaye ulawule izitshabalalisi ezifana nezigcawu okanye iintwala. Ukwenza oku, uya kufuna kuphela iicigars ezili-10 (okanye iigrama ezingama-20 zecuba eliqengqelekayo), ilitha enye yamanzi, utywala ekhemesti, izikhongozeli ezibini zeplastikhi, isihluzo esicocekileyo nesitshizi.

Nje ukuba unayo, kuya kufuneka ulandele inyathelo ngenyathelo esichaza ngalo kweli nqaku:

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Uyenza njani into yokubulala izitshabalalisi ngecuba

Olunye usetyenziso

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba icuba (UNicotiana tabacum ngaphezu kwako konke) sisiyobisi esisemthethweni. Baye batshaya, ubuncinci, ukusukela nge-500 BC. C. Ingxaki kukuba ngaphambi kokuba ibe yendalo, kodwa kule mihla i-cigar ayiqukethe icuba kuphela.

Inezinto ezikhobokisayo, kwaye inokubangela urhudo, uxinzelelo kunye nomhlaza.

UNicotiana zizityalo ezintle, kodwa njengazo zonke izityalo emhlabeni, kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuze uzisebenzise kakuhle.