Pseudomonas

Izityalo, njengezidalwa eziphilayo, zineenkqubo zazo zokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane, ukungunda kunye neentsholongwane. Ingxaki kukuba, njengabantu, impilo yabo inokuthotywa. Ingqele, ubushushu, unxano, indlala, nkqu nokuthena oku sikwenzayo. Nayiphi na imeko yoxinzelelo yenza ukuba iintsholongwane zenze konke okusemandleni ukubosulela, kwaye phakathi kwazo sine pseudomonas.

Nangona igama lakhe linokungakuxeleli okuninzi, kuya kufuneka uyazi loo nto ziibhaktheriya, ukucacisa ngakumbi, iigram-negative bacteria; Oko kukuthi, banemvulophu ephindwe kabini eyenziwe ngeeseli ezikhusela ingaphakathi lazo. Ziyaziwa ngale ndlela kuba azingcolisi umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye i-violet ngombala weGram (yidayi ekhethekileyo esetyenziswa kwi-bacteriology ukubona ezi zinambuzane), kodwa endaweni yoko ijike ibe pinki.

Yintoni uPseudomonas?

IPseudomonas ziibhaktheriya ze-gram-negative ezinokuthi, enkosi kuhlobo lwefilamenti ebizwa ngokuba yi-polar flagella, enokuhamba. Azivelisi spores, kodwa kukho ezinye iintlobo ezenza i-tapestry yebacteria eyenziwe ngolunye okanye nangaphezulu iintlobo zeentsholongwane kunye nesakhiwo esimbaxa. Kwangokunjalo, ukufihlakala kombane ohlaza-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uhlalutye into eqhelekileyo kubo.

Imetabolism yakho yahluke kakhulu. Oku kwenza Zizinto ezincinci ezinokuthintela inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, kubandakanya abantu kunye nezityalo. Ngoku, kufuneka icaciswe ukuba ayizizo zonke iiPseudomonas eziyingozi. Umzekelo, la Pseudomonas putida isetyenziswa njengolawulo lwebhayoloji lwezifo zezityalo, njenge IFusarium oxysporum, njengoko kubonisiwe kolu phando lupapashwe kwi-Taylor Francis Online.

Zifumaneka phi i-Pseudomonas bacteria?

Ezi ntsholongwane zikhula phantse kulo naliphi na ikona elimanzi lehlabathi. Banokukwenza oko kumadama okuqubha, kwiibhakethi esizisebenzisela ukuqokelela amanzi emvula, kwizixhobo ukuba bahlala betshonile emanzini ixesha elide. Sasinokude sibafumane ngaphakathi endlwini, njengakwindlu yangasese okanye esinkini.

Ngesi sizathu, nanjengokuba zingenakubonwa ngeliso lenyama, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sihlambe izandla zethu kwaye sibulale iintsholongwane kwizixhobo esiza kuzisebenzisa ngaphambi kokuthena izityalo, kuba kungenjalo siza kuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka. .

Zeziphi izityalo ezizichaphazelayo?

Ngelishwa, zininzi apho zibangela umonakalo omkhulu, njenge Pseudomonas syringae, ezichaphazela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo, ezinje iimephu, iimbotyi, i-lilac, ii-ertyisi, imithi yeziqhamo efana ne-apile okanye i-beet.

Okwangoku, ukuba asinayo enye yezo zinto, asinakho ukuzithoba ekuzilindeni. Ukuthatha amanyathelo othintelo awusoze wenzakalise. Kwaye kukuba xa sele zivele iimpawu, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphelisa esi sifo.

Zithini iimpawu?

Isitshanguba okanye isifo somlilo, njengoko sisoloko sibizwa njalo xa sichaphazela izityalo, sisifo esibangelwa ikakhulu ngu Pseudomonas syringae. Iimpawu kunye nomonakalo abazivelisayo zezi:

• Inkangeleko yamabala atyheli (i-chlorotic) kwigqabi, kwaye kuzo siza kubona amabala amdaka amdaka okanye amabala aya esiba makhulu ngokude ade agqibe igqabi lonke.
• Iintyatyambo ziya kujika zibe necrotic ngaphambi kwexesha, kwaye bangawa.
• Amachaphaza amnyama amnyama aya kuvela kwiziqhamo, ngaxeshanye belahlekelwa ngumbala wabo wendalo.

Luthini unyango ngokuchasene noPseudomonas kwizityalo?

Eyona nto isetyenziswayo zezi fungicides equlathe ubhedu (njengoko enye). Kodwa ukongeza koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ii-biostimulants zendalo (ziyathengiswa aphaukomeleza amajoni omzimba kwizityalo. Ewe imiyalelo mayilandelwe ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo. Ukudlula ngaphezulu kunokuba sisiphelo sesityalo. Ngokunjalo, enye kufuneka ifakwe kuqala (sicebisa ukuba ibe yile fungicide), kwaye emva kweeveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu enye. Azixubeki.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukusika, ngesikere sangaphambili esineintsholongwane, amalungu achaphazelekayo nanini na oko kunokwenzeka. Ngale ndlela, siza kunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Inokuthintelwa njani?

Into yokuqala kukucaca ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuthintela, i-100%, isifonokuba yintoni. Sithetha ngezinto ezincinci ezinokubonwa kuphela ngemicroscope, kwaye ezaziwayo ukuba zichaphazela isityalo xa siqala ukubonakalisa iimpawu.

Kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba, njengaso nasiphi na isifo, umngcipheko wosulelo unokuncitshiswa ngokuthatha amanyathelo. Kwimeko ekhoyo ngoku, la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Thenga izityalo ezisempilweni
• Amanzi kwaye uwafake isichumiso xa kukho imfuneko, kuthintelwe ukugqitha
• Izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa
• Gquma amanxeba okuthena ngocola lokunyanga (kwintengiso apha), ngakumbi ukuba izityalo zomthi ziye zathenwa
• Gcina izityalo ezigulayo zikude nezisempilweni
• Sebenzisa ii-substrates ezintsha

Njengoko ubona, iPseudomonas ziibhaktheriya ekufuneka zihlonitshwe. Kunjalo ngoba Ndiyathanda ukugxininisa kwinto enye: ukubulala iintsholongwane. Kuya kuthatha umzuzwana, kwaye ungagcina isityalo sakho sikhuselekile.