Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo xa kuziwa ekubeni nemithi yomnquma lubhedu. Nangona kunjalo, Ngaba uyazi ukuba ubhedu lusetyenziswa njani kwimithi yomnquma? Kwaye kutheni kufuneka isetyenziswe?
Okulandelayo sifuna ukuthetha malunga nale elementi onokuyisebenzisa njengesibulala-zinambuzane, kodwa nanjengesibulali-ntsholongwane. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi?
Kufuneka kuqatywe nini ubhedu kwimithi yomnquma?
Into yokuqala omele uyazi lixesha elifanelekileyo lokusebenzisa ubhedu kwimithi yomnquma. Kwaye oku akulula ukucacisa, kuba kukho iingcali ezicebisa ukuyisebenzisa unyaka wonke, ukwenzela ukukhusela izinambuzane okanye izifo; ngelixa abanye beyimisela kuphela ixesha lokubonakala okukhulu kwezinambuzane okanye njengonyango lwazo.
Ukukhumbula ukuba ubhedu olugqithisiweyo luyingozi nje ngokungalusebenzisi, umzekelo kuba lunokubeka emngciphekweni umgangatho weoli yomnquma eveliswayo, Kubalulekile ukulawula idosi encinci kunye nokusetyenziswa koku.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kobhedu kwimithi yomnquma kunconywa kakhulu entwasahlobo, nje xa iqala ukuvuka ekukhanyeni kwayo nangaphambi kokuba intyatyambo. Ngale ndlela, inika izondlo ezongezelelweyo kunye nento eya kunceda ukukhusela izifo ezibalulekileyo, ezifana ne-repilo okanye isifo sephepha somnquma.
Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba kuphela komzuzu omele usetyenziswe ngawo. Kufuneka kwenziwe nasemva kokuvuna. Ndiyathetha, ekwindla. Ngelo xesha, ngenxa yemveliso ebenayo, imithi iya kuba sengozini ngakumbi, ibuthathaka kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ayinazo izondlo kwaye idinga ukuhlaziya. Ngelo xesha, idosi yobhedu inokukunceda ukuba udlule ebusika ngcono kwaye uphinde ufumane amandla obulahlekileyo.
Yiyiphi idosi ekhuthazwayo yobhedu kwimithi yomnquma
Ukuba ngoku ngoku uyazibuza malunga nedosi efanelekileyo yemithi yomnquma, oku akuyona into ehleliweyo, kodwa kunoko Ngokuxhomekeke kumthi womnquma oza kuwufaka kuwo, kuya kubakho ubuninzi obukhulu okanye obuncinci.
Ngokubanzi, phakathi kwe-2-3 kg ngehektare yabelwe iilitha ezili-1000 zamanzi. Ukongezelela, akuphoswanga ngokuthe ngqo phantsi, kodwa kufuneka kubekho uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo ngamagqabi kunye nesiqu kunye namasebe (ekubeni kulapho izitshabalalisi zingahlasela khona ngokuthe ngqo).
Ngoku, Ngaba uyazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobhedu kwimithi yomnquma? Ngokuxhomekeke kulowo ukhethiweyo, iya kuba nedosi emiselwe ngumenzi, kwaye yeyona nto sicebisa ukuba uyilandele ukunqanda iingxaki.
Yiyiphi eyona bhedu ilungileyo kwimithi yomnquma
Xa ukhetha ubhedu kwimithi yomnquma, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba unokufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwiimarike. Bonke bafumana iziphumo ezihle ekunyanyekelweni kobhedu, nangona kuyinyani ukuba kukho abathile abadla ngokunconyelwa ngakumbi kunabanye.
Ngaloo ngqiqo, enye yezona zinto zingcono onokukhetha kuzo lubhedu oluchetyiweyo. Phakathi kweenzuzo ezinikezelwa yile element kukuba umthi womnquma unokuwufunxa ngokukhawuleza (kunye nezondlo ezininzi) kunezohlukeneyo. Ukongeza, ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kusetyenziswa iidosi eziphantsi, into engenakuthethwa ngabanye.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ubhedu oluchetyiweyo lunetyhefu encinci (into ekufuneka uyithathele ingqalelo ukuba awunguye olawula ukuvezwa kobhedu lwemithi yakho yomnquma kakhulu).
Noko ke, asikuphela kwento onokuyikhetha. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ncam, ungakhetha icopper oxychloride. Ikwasebenza kakhulu ekulawuleni izifo kunye nezitshabalalisi ezinokuchaphazela imithi yomnquma. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba kule meko ubhedu lunokuba yingozi ngakumbi, kungekhona nje kumthi ngokwawo, kodwa nomhlaba. Kwaye oku kuyakuthintela ekubeni ukwazi ukutyala eminye imithi okanye izityalo kulo okanye ukujikeleza loo mhlaba. Kwakhona, kufuneka ufake iidosi eziphezulu ukuze isebenze kakuhle.
Ngaphandle kolu bhedu esilucetyisiweyo, unokufumana ezinye iinketho kwimarike, njenge-oxychloride yobhedu, i-hydroxide yobhedu, i-sulfate okanye i-gluconate yobhedu. Ngale ndlela, isincomo sethu sesokuba, ukuba awuzange uyizame, yenza uvavanyo ngezininzi ukuze ubone ukuba yeyiphi ehambelana neemfuno zezityalo zakho. Ngokubanzi, akuyi kuxhomekeka kuphela kwimithi, kodwa nakwinkathalo obanika yona., imozulu apho bekhona, i-substrate esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa komthi womnquma (ukuba ukuhlobisa, umvelisi, njl.).
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umnquma unomnquma ogqithisileyo
Njengoko besinixelele ngaphambili, Ukugalela ubhedu kwimithi yomnquma yindlela elungileyo yokuthintela iingxaki kunye nokunika izondlo ezifunekayo. Kodwa, njengakuyo yonke into, ukuba uhamba kakhulu unokubangela ukuba kubekho ukugqithisa kangangokuba impilo yomthi womnquma ibekwe emngciphekweni.
Enyanisweni, xa kukho ubhedu kumthi womnquma kwaye kwidosi ephezulu, kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba iqala ukulahlekelwa ngamagqabi kunye nemithi ye-trunk iyancipha. Inokuhlaselwa zizifo okanye izitshabalalisi ekufuneka zilawulwe ngobhedu.
Ngoku, nangona isandi esixhalabisa kakhulu, Kufuneka uyazi ukuba kunzima ukuba ityhefu yobhedu yenzeke kumnquma. Ngaphezulu ukuba ulandela izikhokelo zabavelisi, okanye ufake isicelo esingaphantsi kancinane kunolu.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iindlela zokuphelisa ubhedu, okanye ubuncinci ukunciphisa inani le nto. Kule nto, ungasebenzisa i-fungus, i-Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Oku kusebenza nge-oxidizing ion zethusi kunye nokunciphisa zombini emhlabeni nakwezinye izinto. (kuquka amagqabi kunye neenkuni zomthi). Yenye yeendlela zemveli ezisagcinwe ngenxa yendlela esebenza ngayo. Ngapha koko, ikwasetyenziselwa ukuphatha iinkuni zomnquma kunye nokwenza ukuba kugaywe ngakumbi ukuze kusetyenziswe kwi-biofuels.
Njengoko ubona, ubhedu lwemithi yomnquma lubalulekile, kodwa luhlala lunemilinganiselo eyaneleyo yokuphepha iingxaki ezimbi. Ngaba ukhe wayisebenzisa kunye nezityalo zakho? Ngaba ungasinika iingcebiso malunga noku ukuba uyazi ngayo?