I-genus Adiantum yenye yezo ezibandakanya i iifeni. Ezi zixabiswa kakhulu njengezityalo zangaphakathi, kodwa i-Adiantum ihlala ifuna inkathalo esihlala siyityeshela.
Ke ngoko, ukuba uyafuna Yiba ne-fern yolu hlobo kwaye uyazi inkathalo yayo ukuze ihlale ikwimeko entle, siza kuchaza yonke into engezantsi.
Injani i-Adiantum
Ngaphakathi kwe-Adiantum unokufumana iqela elikhulu lezityalo ze-fern. ndiyazi Zibonakaliswa ngokungabi nantyatyambo, okanye iziqhamo okanye imbewu. Zizonke, kukho ngaphezu kwe-7500 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ekuqaleni, abaphandi babengazi ukuba isityalo esingenantyatyambo, iziqhamo okanye imbewu sinokwanda njani. Akuzange kube njalo Ngowe-1850 xa umthengisi weencwadi waseJamani wajonga ngaphantsi kwamagqabi waza wafumana iimbewu. Kwaye kungenxa yazo ukuba ezi ferns zande.
Iintlobo ze-Adiantum
Njengoko besinixelele ngaphambili, kukho iintlobo ezininzi phakathi kolu hlobo, kodwa kukho ezinye ezithi, ngenxa yokuthandwa kwazo, zigqame kwabanye. Zezi:
- I-Adiantum capillus veneris. Ngeli gama ayiqhelekanga ukwaziwa, kodwa yaziwa ngokuba yiMaidenhair. Yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwaye kwangaxeshanye inomtsalane. Kwaye kukuba iziqu zimnyama kwaye amaqabunga awakhulu kakhulu kwaye anesimo sokuqala.
- I-Adiantum radidianum. Ifana kakhulu naleyo yangaphambili, kuphela ukuba ukuthwala kwayo kunamandla ngakumbi.
- ithenerum. Kule meko amagqabi makhulu kwaye anotyekelo oluthile okanye olunamaza.
- I-Adiantum polyphyllum. Kuzo zonke iindidi, le yile inamagqabi angaphezulu kwemitha ubude.
I-Adiantum: inkathalo ebalulekileyo
Ukuba ufuna ukuba ne-Adiantum, okanye usanda kuqonda ukuba unayo ekhaya kwaye ufuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni ukhathalelo oluyidingayo, nantsi eyona nto ibalulekileyo omele uyazi.
Iluminación
I-Adiantum sisityalo eso ayifuni ukukhanya okuninzi. Enyanisweni, umbala omnyama oluhlaza wamagqabi awo ufezekiswa ngokungabikho kokukhanya, ngoko ke ukuba ubona i-hue yayo iphelile, kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uyibeke kwenye indawo.
Kwindawo yazo yendalo, zikwiindawo ezinomthunzi kwaye kulapho kufuneka uzibeke khona. Yingakho kuthathwa njengenye yezityalo ezifanelekileyo kwizindlu apho kungekho kukhanya okukhulu, kuba kubo yindawo yabo efanelekileyo.
temperatura
Ukuze wenze okulungileyo, kufuneka ubushushu bugcinwa kumyinge we-18 degrees centigrade.
Akazithandi iidrafti okanye ukuhla kakhulu kobushushu, yiyo loo nto eziva elungile ngaphakathi.
Ubicación
ngokwenene i-adiantum awudingi ndawo ethile. Kodwa kuyinyani ukuba xa ubona ukuba ibekwe kakuhle kwindawo enye, akulungele ukuyitshintsha kuba loo ndawo ine-microclimate efanelekileyo kwaye, ukuba uyayihambisa kwenye indawo, unokugxininisa kwaye ubangele ukuba ilahlekelwe. amagqabi awo.
Umhlaba
Olu hlobo lunezityalo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke umhlaba owudingayo kufuneka ube nezakha mzimba ezininzi. Ukongeza, kufuneka ibe ne-drainage. Owona mxube ufanelekileyo? Ndikubheja iinxalenye ezintathu ze-peat, enye inxalenye ye-compost (uhlala ukwisiseko) kunye neenxalenye ezimbini zesanti erhabaxa.
Ngale ndlela uya kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kuqokelelwa kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwaye angena ngokufanelekileyo.
Unkcenkceshelo
Ukunkcenkceshela yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokhathalelo lwe-Adiantum. Kwaye ayisosityalo esifuna amanzi amaninzi, kodwa sifuna ukufuma.
Ayiyithandi indawo eyomileyo kwaphela, nokuba kushushu, yiyo loo nto kuya kufuneka ubeke ipleyiti encinci eneengqalutye phantsi kwayo, kunye namanzi, ukuze benze ukufuma okufunwa sisityalo.
Ngokuphathelele umhlaba, kubalulekile ukuba soloko ufumile noko, kodwa ungabi namanzi. Xa kuziwa ekunkcenkcesheleni, kungcono ukwenza nge-capillarity, oko kukuthi, ukubeka ibhodwe yonke kwi-emele yamanzi afudumele kwaye ungayikhuphi de iyeke ukwenza amaqamza. Oku kuthetha ukuba ebusika kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele kanye ngenyanga (okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kubumanzi) nasehlotyeni kube kanye (okanye ngaphezulu) ngeveki ukuba kushushu kakhulu; okanye iveki enye okanye ezimbini ukuba akunjalo.
Kule meko, umswakama kunye nenyaniso yokuba uhlala kwindawo enomswakama kubaluleke kakhulu kunokunkcenkceshela ngokwawo.
Ukupasa
Unombulelo kakhulu kumrhumi. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kabini ngenyanga.
Eyona nto ingcono ulwelo kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ine-macroelements kunye ne-microelements kwibhalansi efanelekileyo kwisityalo.
Ukuthena
Kuhlobo lwe-Adiantum, ukuthenwa akukho. Kodwa kuyinyaniso ukuba kuya kufuneka susa amagqabi omileyo okanye amagqabi abangela ingxaki kwisityalo (okanye kwindawo okuyo.
Kubalulekile ukuba isikere osisebenzisayo sibulawe iintsholongwane njengoko sinokosulelwa lula.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Eyona ixhaphakileyo inento yokwenza nayo cochineal kunye nefungi (ezi ngenxa yamanzi amaninzi).
Kodwa nazo zinokuvela iingxaki zezityalo. Umzekelo:
- Ukuba imiphetho yamagqabi yome: ngenxa yokungabikho kokufuma.
- Ukuwa kweqabunga: ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, oko kukuthi, kufuna amanzi amaninzi.
- Amagqabi ashwabene kwaye imiphetho yomile: ifuna amanzi kunye nokufuma.
- Ukuba amagqabi aluhlaza: ingaba ngenxa yezizathu ezibini, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba ifumana ukukhanya okukhulu, okanye ngenxa yokuba idinga isichumisi.
- Amagqabi anamachokoza amdaka: aqhele ukwenzeka kuba awanika ukukhanya okukhulu kwaye awatshise.
Ukuphindaphinda
Ukuveliswa kwakhona kwe-Adiantum akuyena ukhathalelo olulula, kodwa ngethamsanqa unendlela elula kunye nenzima.
Eyodwa yeya ulwahlulo lwezityalo. Oko kukuthi, xa usiya ukutshintshela, yahlula isityalo sibe ngamacandelo amabini okanye ngaphezulu, usoloko uqinisekisa ukuba ngamnye unamathupha amabini.
Indlela enzima iyenziwa ngokusebenzisa spores, kodwa ayisebenzi kakuhle kakhulu. Sekunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukuzama, kufuneka ulinde intwasahlobo, kwaye ukhethe iqabunga elinye okanye amabini agcwele i-spores. Kufuneka uzikrwele ephepheni ukuze uzigcine.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwi-seedbed okanye kwibhokisi encinci, ubeka umhlaba we-moor kunye ne-peat ukusabalalisa i-spores yegqabi kuyo. Inyathelo elilandelayo iyakuba kukugquma ibhedi yembewu ngeplastiki yokusongela (ukwenza imingxuma ukuze iphefumle). Thatha i-seedbed kwindawo emnyama eneqondo lokushisa elingaguqukiyo lama-21-23 degrees.
Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umhlaba uhlala ufumile kwaye uvule ifilimu yonke imihla ukwenzela ukuba kupheliswe amanzi e-condensation. Malunga neenyanga ezingama-2-3 izityalo zokuqala kufuneka zivele, xa ungazithatha uzise kwindawo enelanga elincinane kwaye ususe ifilimu.
Ngaba ukhathalelo lwe-Adiantum lucacile kuwe?