I-artichoke, njengoko uyazi, kwaye ukuba akunjalo siya kukuxelela, i isityalo esinokuhlala iminyaka emininzi (phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-4). Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuthena i-artichoke kuba yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokhathalelo olukhoyo.
Kodwa yintoni omele uyazi ngaye? Ifanele yenziwe njani? Ngeliphi ixesha? Indlela yokuthena i-artichoke? Ukuba unamathandabuzo, siya kuzama ukuwasombulula kanye apha.
Injani iartichoke
I-artichoke, igama lesayensi UCynara scolymusSisityalo esidala kakhulu. Iye yalinywa ikakhulu kuMntla Afrika nakumazantsi Yurophu. La ngamazwe abo emvelaphi. Nangona kunjalo, inyaniso kukuba ngoku kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.
yi le yenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi:
- Ingcambu, eyomeleleyo kwaye inamandla, ekwazi ukuziqhelanisa nawo nawuphi na umhlaba apho uyityala khona. Kulapho izondlo ziqokelelana khona ukondla isityalo sonke.
- Amagqabi. Ezi zinde kwaye zinkulu, ngokuchukumisa ngokungathi ubamba umqhaphu.
- Iintyatyambo. Ezi zingqimba kwaye kufuneka wazi ukuba ziphuhlisa uhlobo lwezikali ezityiwayo.
- Iziqhamo. Ezingwevu kwaye zinde. Iyahamba imbewu yesityalo kodwa ithatha iminyaka eliqela ukuba intshule.
Ukukunika umbono, i-artichoke inomjikelezo wokuzalwa, uphuhliso kunye nokufa.
Ekuphuhlisweni, isityalo sifumana ukwakheka okuthe nkqo, i-branching ibe ngamathambeka amabini okanye amathathu ahlukeneyo kwaye, nganye kuzo, iya kukunika phakathi kweentyantyambo ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Kwangaloo nyaka mnye, kungakho enye intshula (abayibiza ngokuba 'yikhadi').
Kuthenwa nini iartichoke?
Ngokwenene Akukho usuku oluthile lokuthenwa kwe-artichoke kuba kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Kodwa kukho into ethi ikwazise ngexesha lokuthena: emva kokuvuna kokuqala; okanye isivuno sokuqala seartichoke.
Oko kukuthi, isityalo se-artichoke kufuneka sikhule "ngokukhululekile" apho usibeke khona kwaye oku kuya kukunika isivuno sokuqala se-artichokes. Ewe, xa uqokelele zonke iiartichokes ezikunike zona, lixesha lokuba uzithene.
Kwakhona, oku kufuneka uyiphinde kumjikelo omtsha ngamnye. Oko kukuthi, emva kokuvuna, kufuneka usithene isityalo.
Qaphela oko, Ukususela xa utyala iartichoke de ufumane iziqhamo zayo, inokuthatha ukusuka kwiinyanga ezisi-8 ukuya kunyaka. Kodwa ukuba izibonda (i-cuttings) zityalwe ngoko ixesha liyancipha kakhulu, ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-4-5 kuphela.
Kutheni isityalo seartichoke sithenwa?
Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukuba i-artichoke iyanqunyulwa, kunzima ngakumbi ukuba ivelise isiqhamo kwakhona, kodwa inyaniso kukuba oku akunjalo.
Ngokuthenwa akulawuleki kuphela ukucoceka kunye nokucoca indawo, kodwa ikwathanda ukukhula. Kwaye kunjalo, masithi, ngokusika "isityalo sikamama", ukhuthaza isityalo ukuba siphuhlise kwakhona, senze "inzala" kwaye sivelise isiqhamo kwakhona.
Ngaphandle koko, ayiyi kuyenza, kodwa imveliso yayo ayiyi kuba yanele (okanye ilungile) ukuba ayinqunyulwa.
Uyithena njani iartichoke
Ukuqhuba ukuthenwa kwe-artichoke, uya kufuna a imela okanye isixhobo esifana neso esilolwe kakuhle kuba isisikelo omawusinike siyibevel (oko kukuthi, i-engile). Ungasebenzisa kwakhona ipruner ukwenza oku.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuthenwa kwenziwa, ukuba uthe watyala ngomhla wakho, ekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngelo xesha lonyaka, Iingcali zivumela isityalo somile, ngoko ke inyathelo lokuqala lokuthena kukucoca indawo yamagqabi omileyo. Ezi zinokuthi "zifihle izinambuzane", ezifana ne-slugs okanye i-snails, ngoko ke ukuba awufuni ukumangaliswa, kufuneka ugqoke iiglavu.
Emva kokuba ucoce yonke indawo uya kubona ukuba unommandla osembindini kunye namasebe amaninzi asecaleni ajikeleze kuwo. Ezi ziisuckers zesityalo "sikamama".
Ewe, into omele uyenze kukunqumla zonke iziqu, kuba ukusuka apho kuya kuqala ukuqhakaza kwaye kukunike imveliso entsha ye-artichokes.
Kwaye kwenziwa ntoni ngesityalo sikamama? Ewe, kufuneka isikwe kufutshane nomhlaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku sele kuthwele iziqhamo ekufanele ukuba nazo kwaye akuncedi kuba akusayi kuphinda kuhlume, ngoko ke kungcono ukunqunyulwa ukuze isityalo sisasaze amandla kwi-suckers (nto leyo iya kuvelisa ngaphezulu) ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza isityalo. ukuhlala usebenza .
Yintoni onokuyenza emva kokuyithena?
Ukhathalelo olulandelayo ekufuneka ulunikeze wakuba ugqibile ukuthena lu yinkcenkceshele kakhulu, uyigcine inamanzi amaninzi; ukuze ifakwe emanzini kwaye yondle (abaninzi bakhetha ukunkcenkceshela ngamathontsi njengoko ukufuma kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba intshule kwakhona).
Ikwayiyo ixesha lokuchumisa isityalo, kuba ngale ndlela unokugubungela iimfuno zayo zesondlo kwaye unike amandla ngakumbi ukuze isityalo siqale ukuphuhlisa kwakhona ngamandla kwimveliso entsha ye-artichokes.
Loluphi olunye ukhathalelo olufunwa yiartichoke?
Ukongeza ekutheneni, kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ezinye izinto ezinokuphembelela imveliso enkulu okanye encinci yokuthena. Zezi:
- Indawo kunye nemozulu. Kufuneka uqonde ukuba i-artichoke yimifuno yasebusika, kodwa ayinyamezeli iqhwa. Ke ukuba amaqondo obushushu ehla ngaphantsi kweedigri ezintathu uya kuba nengxaki nawo.
- Umhlaba. Nangona sikuxelele ukuba uqhelana nalo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaba, ukuba ukwenza oko kumhlaba onzulu, ochumileyo onokuhambisa amanzi kakuhle, isivuno sakho siya kuba ngcono kakhulu kuba uya kube usinika izondlo eziyimfuneko.
- Ukunkcenkceshela. Le nto ibaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi xa isebenzayo kwaye ikhula. Kufuneka isoloko ifumile. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukunkcenkceshela ngethontsi, ukuze kungabikho manzi.
- Izifo kunye nezifo. Ichaphazeleka kakhulu kwiintwala, eziya kubonakala ukuba unkcenkceshela kakhulu (nangenxa yokuchumisa ngendlela engalunganga). Enye ingxaki ingaba yi-mildew, i-botrytis, ukubola, njl. Uninzi lwazo lunokusombululwa ngemveliso, kodwa kunye nokucocwa kwesityalo.
Ngaba ngoku kucacile kuwe ukuba kuthenwa njani iartichoke?