Intaba elm (Ulmus glabra)

Umthi owaziwa njenge ulmus glabra Sisityalo esikhula ngokukhawuleza esivelisa umthunzi omnandi, kwaye, ukuba oku akonelanga, sifikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezinomtsalane. Kukulungele ukukhula kwizitiya ezinkulu, nokuba zezabucala okanye zikarhulumente.

Ukugcinwa kwayo kulula kangangokuba kuya kuba nzima ukukholelwa ukuba intle kangaka unyaka wonke. Fumanisa. 😉

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Ngumthi oqaqambileyo wendabuko kwiintaba zaseYurophu, eyaziwa njengemontane elm, elm yentaba okanye intaba ye-elm. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-40 ukuphakama, Ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ububanzi bophahla malunga ne-4-5m. Amagqabi alula, ayashintshana, enomda oneeseringi, ezilinganayo kwisiseko kunye ne-acuminate.

Iintyatyambo zayo, ezihluma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo phambi kwamagqabi, ziqokelelwe kwii-inflorescence kwaye zi-hermaphrodite, ngaphandle kwamagqabi, kwinani ukusuka kwi-10 kuye kwi-20. imiphetho kunye nembewu.

Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

Ubicación

Ngaphandle kwilanga elipheleleyo. Ukuba ngumthi omkhulu, kubalulekile ukutyala kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwimibhobho, kwiindonga, kwiindonga, kwizityalo ezikhulu, njl. Indawo efanelekileyo iya kuba kukushiya umgama ubuncinci weemitha ezili-10 ukusuka kwezi zinto ukuze kwelinye icala kungabinangxaki, kwaye kwelinye icala kube nakho ukukhula kakuhle.

Umhlaba

• Jadini: Ikhula kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba, nkqu nodongwe. Kodwa ewe, ukhetha abo banakho ukufunxa amanzi ngokukhawuleza.
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Akukho ngxaki ze-substrate, ukuba nje ine-pH phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-7,5, njengokukhula okuphakathi nendawo okanye i-mulch umzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, ayisosityalo esinokulinywa kwisikhongozeli ubomi bayo bonke, ngaphandle kokuba siyathenwa ukuze sakhe ityholo, okanye bonsai (apha Sichaza ukhathalelo lwe-elm bonsai).

Unkcenkceshelo

Intaba ye-elm ayimelani nembalela; Nangona kunjalo, ayonzakalisi ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ukongeza, xa kuthe kwakho izandyondyo zemvula amaxesha ngamaxesha ngonyaka, kunokuba zikwenzakalise, zinokukunceda (ngakumbi xa ikhuliswe kwiindawo ezinjengoMeditera, apho amaqondo obushushu ehlotyeni aphezulu kakhulu kwaye imvula iphantsi ingxaki).

Kodwa ukuze yonke into ihambe kakuhle, Kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uyinkcenkceshele ubuncinci ngeveki ngexesha lelona xesha lishushu, kwaye ungaphantsi konyaka. Ukuba ifakiwe, amanzi amaxesha ama-3-4 kwixesha elifudumeleyo, kunye nezinye i-2 / iveki.

Umbhalisi

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo Kufuneka ihlawulwe ngezichumisi zendalo, ezinje iguano (yifumane ngomgubo apha kunye nolwelo ngu aphaUmzekelo, kanye ngenyanga. Sebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi ukuba unembiza ukuze amanzi aqhubeke elungile.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-elm yandiswa ngembewu kunye nokusika. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye:

Imbewu

Bahlwayelwa entwasahlobo, ukulandela eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, itreyi yesithombo kufuneka izaliswe kukukhula okuphakathi.
2. Emva koko, unkcenkceshelwa ngesazela.
3. Emva koko, imbewu ezimbini ubuninzi zihlwayelwa kwisokethi nganye, kwaye zigqunywe ngomaleko omncinci we-substrate.
4. Emva koko, ufefe ngobhedu okanye isalfure ukuthintela ukubonakala komngundo.
5. Okokugqibela, ngesitshizi / iatomizer, amanzi afafazwa ngaphezulu, kwaye itreyi ibekwe ngaphandle, emthunzini.

Ukugcina i-substrate ifumile, ziya kuhluma malunga neeveki ezi-3 okanye ezi-4.

Ukusika

Iziqwenga zesebe elinemithi emalunga nama-30cm zithathwa ekupheleni kobusika, kwaye saqhubeka saya:

1. Nika isiseko nge iiarhente zokwenza ukhula ekhaya okanye iihomoni ezisisiseko.
2. Gcwalisa imbiza nge-vermiculite ngaphambili efakwe emanzini.
3. Tyala ukusika kule mbiza, wenze umngxunya kwi-substrate, embindini ngaphambili (kwaye ungayibetheli ngqo).
4. Amanzi kwaye ubeke imbiza ngaphandle, emthunzini omnyama.

Ke, iya kukhupha iingcambu zayo emva kweenyanga ezimbini.

Izinambuzane

Inovakalelo kuhlaselo lwe:

• Abaqalayo (I-Scolytus scolytus): digs iigalari kumasebe kunye nesiqu, buthathaka isityalo. Ilwa neMethyl-paration.
• Mealybugs: ikhottony okanye i-limpet-like, zitya incindi yamagqabi, kodwa zilwa kakuhle nomhlaba we-diatomaceous, isepha ye-potassium okanye iparafini.
• U-Elm Galeruca (UGalerucella luteola): Zombini izibungu kunye nabantu abadala batya amagqabi, beshiya imithambo. Iphathwa ngamayeza okubulala izinambuzane afana neMalathion.
• Imibungu yeDefoliator: zondla amagqabi, zibenza babonakale bagqobhoziwe. Iphathwa nge-Malalation.
• Ukuzilolonga komboko (UZeuzera pyrina y ICossus cossus) ngokumba iigalari esiqwini, bawenze buthathaka kakhulu umthi, babangela ukuwa kwegqabi ngaphambi kwexesha. Olona nyango luphambili kukuthintela, ukusebenzisa ioyile yokubulala izinambuzane ebusika.

Izifo

Unokugula ukusuka:

• Isiqu somthi: Kubangelwa ngumngundo onjengePolyporus okanye iifom. Zingena ngamanxeba okuthena, kwaye emva kwexesha elifutshane imizimba yazo eneziqhamo (amakhowa) iyabonakala esiqwini somthi.
  Eyona nto intle ukuyenza kukuphepha ukusika izihlahla ezinkulu, kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezazifakwe isibulala-ntsholongwane ngaphambili.
• Iikhonkwane zeBark: Ngumngundo ongena esiqwini kwaye usasaze kwisityalo, ubangele umbala omdaka kunye nokuwa kwamagqabi.
  Inokunyangwa ngefungicides, kodwa kunzima ukulwa.
• Elm graphiosis: Kubangelwa kukungunda kohlobo lweOphiostoma, obangela ukungcoliswa kunye nokufa komthi.
  Ngokukhawuleza ukuba iimpawu zokuqala zifunyenwe, iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zinqunywe kwaye zinyangwe nge-benomyl, thiabendazole okanye i-carbendazime.

Ukuthena

Ebusika Okomileyo, onesifo, obuthathaka okanye owaphukileyo amasebe kufuneka asuswe, kwaye lawo athe kratya ngoku achetyiweyo.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Iyamelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -20ºC.

Isebenzisa ntoni?

Ukongeza ekubeni isetyenziswe njengesityalo sokuhombisa, esityalwe njenge-specimen esecaleni okanye kwimiqolo, ikwasetyenziselwa:

• Madera: isetyenziselwa ukuchwela, ukudibanisa, ukutshata, ukujika, ukwakhiwa kwe-hydraulic okanye iinqanawa, njl.
• Iinkuni zokubasa: ibonelela ngamalahle akhanyayo, uthuthu lwawo, ngokuqulatha i-potassium, lusebenzela ukuchumisa umhlaba.
• Amagqabi: Njengokutya kwefula.
• ICortex: ngamayeza, njengoko ineempawu zokuphambanisa kunye nesudoriferous.

Ucinga ntoni nge ulmus glabra?