Umfanekiso -Flickr / uJim Morefield
Izityalo zezinye zezinto ezimbalwa eziphilayo ezinokuphila kangangamawaka eminyaka; nangaphakathi kobu bukumkani bukhulu, kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezizenzayo. Omnye wabo ngu UPinus longaeva, ngulowo uthiywe ngawo umthi UMethusela.
Ezi conifers zihlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, apho ubusika bubanda kakhulu kwaye bude, kwaye ihlobo alihlali ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbalwa.. Kodwa zezi meko zinzima kanye ezibangela ukuba zikhule ngesantya esiphantsi kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela zikwazi ukudlula iminyaka engama-4000 ubudala.
Ziziphi iimpawu zomthi uMethusela?
Umfanekiso -Flickr / iincwadi zokupheka
Umthi uMethusela sisityalo esikhuseleke kakhulu, kangangokuba asinakukubonisa umfanekiso wawo ngenxa yokuba asikawufumani. Kodwa sinokukuxelela oko Itholakala eCalifornia (eUnited States), ngokukodwa kwiHlathi leSizwe le-Inyo.
Yi-conifer leyo Umalunga nama-4847 eminyaka ubudala., eyafunyanwa ngowe-1930 sisazi ngezidalwa zamandulo uEdmund Schulman. Le ndoda yayiyinzululwazi eyayizinikele ekufundeni izazinge zemithi ukuze ifumanise ukuba amaxesha ahlukeneyo embalela enzeke nini ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Kodwa njani i-protagonist yethu? Ewe, ukujonga imifanekiso yeesampulu ze UPinus longaeva abasele bebadala, sinokucinga ukuba isiqu sijijekile ngokwaso. I-trunk ebanzi, mhlawumbi i-2 yeemitha ububanzi, kodwa iphantsi ukuphakama, njengoko imimoya enamandla ayivumeli ukuba ikhule kakhulu.
Ngokwale ngqiqo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba imipayini ehlala ixesha elide idlule iimitha ezi-5 ukuphakama; kuphela abo bakhuselwe kancinci banokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-15.
Kwakhona, umthi kaMethusela sele usekupheleni kobomi bawo. Kukho abo bacinga ukuba "ufile ngakumbi kunokuphila", ngoko mhlawumbi inamasebe ambalwa anamagqabi aluhlaza.
Kanjalo, konke oku kuqikelelo, njengoko ndisitsho ngokusekelwe kwinto enokubonwa kwimifanekiso ye UPinus longaeva abadala kakhulu, kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimeko apho le mithi ihlala khona.
I-United States Forest Service iyala ukutyhila indawo echanekileyo ukuze iphephe ukonakalisa, into ngelishwa esele yenzekile kwi-1964, xa umfundi waseyunivesithi wayala (okanye ukusika, akucaci) ingcambu yesigebenga: uPrometheus, naye owayengowohlobo olufanayo noMethusela, kodwa wayemdala: wayeneminyaka emalunga ne-4900. .
Kuze kube namhlanje, iintsalela zePrometheus zigcinwe kakuhle kwiYunivesithi yaseArizona.
Kakade ke, akukho mntu ufuna ukuba uMethusela ehlelwe yinto efanayo, okanye ade enzekaliswa ngabantu abafuna ukuyibona.
Ngaba umthi weMethusela ngowona mdala ehlabathini?
Xa ufuna ulwazi kwi-Intanethi ngalo mzekelo, phantse zonke iisayithi zikuxelela ukuba ewe, ngowona mdala. kwaye ewe kunjalo. Ngaphezu koko, kuqikelelwa ukuba UPinus longaeva Inokuphila ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-5200 ubudala.
Kodwa kukho into ephilayo esele ikhulile kakhulu. Ndithetha ngayo umthi owonqenayo, i-aspen enengcambu emalunga nama-80.000 eminyaka ubudala. Ikhula eMntla Melika, ukuba ichaneke ngakumbi, kwithafa leFish Lake eColorado (Utah).
Uyinyamekela njani ifayile ye UPinus longaeva?
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Jim Morefield
Yi-conifer ehlala kakuhle kuphela kwiindawo apho imozulu ifana nendawo yayo. Ngesi sizathu, Akufanele ityalwe kwiindawo ezitshisayo, kummandla weMeditera okanye kwezinye iindawo ezifudumeleyo.
Ngumthi wasentabeni, olungele ukuhlala kwiimeko ezinzima. Ke ngoko, ubushushu obuhlala kumazwe afana neSpain ngokomzekelo, abunakukwenzela nto. Kodwa ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho ihlobo lipholile, kwaye ukuba kukho ikhephu elibonakalayo ngexesha lasebusika, kunokuba mnandi ukuba nalo.. Olu lukhathalelo jikelele ekufuneka ulunike:
- Ubicación: yibeke ngaphandle kwasekuqaleni. Ukuba iimeko zemozulu zikhankanywe nje, unokuyibeka kwindawo enelanga; kungenjalo kubhetele ukuba ibe semthunzini okanye semi-mthunzi.
- Umhlaba okanye i-substrate: kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umhlaba ube neasidi kancinane kwaye ube nokuphuma kwamanzi okugqwesileyo. Ukuba uya kuba nayo embizeni, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke i-substrate yezityalo ze-asidi, ezifana enye.
- Unkcenkceshelo: kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele qho ngeentsuku ezi-3 okanye ezi-4 ehlotyeni. Ebudeni bamaxesha onyaka kuya kufuneka wenze izithuba ezininzi, kuba umhlaba uhlala womile ixesha elide.
- Umbhalisi: ungayifaka ngesichumiso se-ecology, njenge-earthworm humus okanye i-guano (ithengiswa apha). Thatha ithuba leenyanga ezifudumeleyo ukwenza oko, ulandela imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa.
- Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza: ngumthi okwaziyo ukumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho kwi -34ºC; kwelinye icala, ayikuthandi ubushushu (20ºC okanye ngaphezulu).
Njengoko ubona, umthi kaMethusela kunye neentlobo ezikuwo zizinto eziphilayo ezikhethekileyo.