Iya isiba ngakumbi nangakumbi imfashini ukukhula ii-succulents, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokunyameka kwabo okanye ukuba bameme kangakanani na. Oku kushiya ii-newbies zinamathandabuzo amaninzi xa befumanisa ukuba Kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha i-substrate abeza nayo kwi-nursery, ezinje nge-substrate oza kuyisebenzisa okanye xa ufakelwa kwakhona, ke kweli nqaku siza kuphanda kuyo yonke loo nto. Ukuba into oyikhangelayo yindlela yokuzihlwayela (imbewu yezityalo), siyichaza ngayo Oku kubhaliwe.
Into yokuqala yokwazi yile iisuphu zezityalo zizityalo eziqokelela amanzi amaninzi kunesiqhelo, kwaye oku kuthetha que Njengoko zingenakulinganiswa ngokwenene, inkqubo yokufakelwa kunye ne-substrate abayifunayo iyahluka kakhulu ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye.
Kungenxa yoko le nto ndigqibe kwelokuba ndohlule baba ngamaqela amakhulu asixhenxe: monocots ezingezizo ezesibindi (IiAgaves, iiYuccas, iihlaba) ..., bulbous (Ukuzijonga njengezisulu okanye hayi akunakuxoxwa, kodwa kuba ezinye zazo zihlala zikhula njengezishushu, siza zibandakanye), Cactus, sifile, crassulaceae, UMzantsi Afrika (amatye aphilayo kunye nezinye izityalo ezikhula ebusika, njengee-caudiciforms ezininzi) kunye nezinye.
Enye into ekufuneka uyigcinile engqondweni yile izityalo ezinenkathalo eyahlukileyo akufuneki zityalwe kunye. Ngokomgaqo, izityalo zeqela ngalinye esizenzileyo zinokubekwa kunye, ukuba nje ulumkile ngobungakanani abafikelela kubo kunye nesantya sokukhula kwabo; Nangona kunjalo, Ndihlala ndincoma, ukuba zibekwe embizeni, zibeke zodwa. Ukuba isemhlabeni, iingoma ezinomdla kakhulu zinokwenziwa.
Ndifuna ntoni ukutyala iisucculents?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi yindawo oza kubabeka kuyo, nokuba kusembizeni okanye emhlabeni.
- Ukuba kusembizeni, uzakufuna enkulu enkulu kunale ikhoyo ngoku.
- Ukuba iphantsi uya kufuna umhlakulo okanye igaba ukwenza umngxunya.
- Uya kudinga i- substrate efanelekileyo, kodwa ngelishwa kunzima kakhulu ukufumana umxube ofanele iisucculents, ke kuyakufuneka uthenge i-substrate esemgangathweni (sicebisa indawo yonke, edla ngokuba ngexabiso eliphantsi kune-cactus) kwaye eyomileyo, enje ngesanti okanye igrabile .Ukulinganiselwa kwawo kuya kuxhomekeka kwinto ofuna ukuyityala, kodwa ngokubanzi i-50% yomhlaba ongaphantsi kunye ne-50% yesanti okanye igrabile isebenza kakuhle. Xa sithetha ngemixube yangaphantsi ekubhekiswa kuyo xuba yonke into kakuhle, hayi ukugcwalisa isiqingatha sombiza ngegrabile kwaye esinye isiqingatha nge isiseko Jikelele.
- Kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iigloves, ngakumbi ukuba into oza kuyityala yicactus okanye a euphorbia.
- Okokugqibela, kucetyiswa ukuba kuncitshiswe i-toothpick enkulu (izikhonkwane zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu) ukunceda i-substrate ukuba ingene phakathi kweengcambu. Kuyacetyiswa kakhulu kwizityalo apho ungenakukwazi ukubeka izandla zakho phantsi nangaphantsi.
Inkqubo yokutyala kunye nokutshintshela isucculents
Kulapho ke Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi isityalo osebenza naso, kuba iingcambu zezinye zibuthathaka ngakumbi kunezinye. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba le ayisiyonzululwazi ngqo, ungazenza ezi nkqubo kwaye banokungaphumeleli kwaye basebenzise ezinye esingazicebisiyo apha kwaye zisebenze kakuhle kuwe. Into eqhelekileyo kuzo zonke ezi zityalo yile kwangaxeshanye uzithenge kwi-nursery kufuneka ucoce iingcambu, Ukususa isiqwenga sokugqibela esiye sanamatheliswa.
YeCacti kunye sifile Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba ungankcenkcesheli iveki ubuncinci emva kokufakelwa kwakhona (kwaye ukuba azinangcambu, zide ziphoswe), ezinye kuyacetyiswa ukuba zisoloko zisinkcenkceshela emva kokufakwa okanye ukutyala. Umxube we-substrate esiya kuthi apha ngezantsi uyacetyiswa ngeembiza, ukuba kufuneka zibekwe emhlabeni, kuhlala kunomdla ukwenza umngxunya ongaphezulu kokuphindwe kathathu umthamo wembiza ekuyo kwaye udibanise ii-substrates ukuba sithi ngezantsi nomhlaba, isiqingatha nesiqingatha.
I-monocot ezingezizo ezesibindi
Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zizityalo eziqinileyo ezingadingi mhlaba okhethekileyo, kodwa ukongeza igrabile yokuphucula amanzi kuhlala kuluncedo. Kwezi zityalo akucebisi ukonakalisa iingcambu kuba zivuselelwa kuphela xa kushushu, ke kufuneka zigcinwe zimfutshane ngangokunokwenzeka neengcambu ezisemoyeni. Siza kulungisa i-substrate esifuna ukuyisebenzisa kwaye siya kubatyala ngebhola yengcambu njengoko kunjalo, ukuzalisa kamva ngononophelo naziphi na izikhewu ezishiyekileyo.
Ubundlobongela
Ezi zityalo zihlala zithengiswa ngeebhalbhu ezikhululekileyo. Ngaphandle kweentlobo ezimbalwa zezinto ezinobunzima, nayiphi na i-bulbous iya kuhlala kwi-substrate yendalo okanye emhlabeni ngexesha lokukhula kwayo. Ukuba uzimisele ukubashiya kwisiza ukuze kungafuneki ukuba uphinde ulime kunyaka olandelayo, uyakufuna i-substrate ethi ikhuphe ngcono, nangona kule meko kunokuba luncedo ukusebenzisa i-peat. Ukuzityala, kulula njengokwenza umngxunya ophindwe kabini kubunzulu bebhalbhu kwaye uyingcwabe ngotshintsho olujonge phezulu. Ungajonga kwinqaku lethu Indlela yokutyala iibhalbhu ezimbizeni ngeenkcukacha ezithe kratya.
Cactus
Ngecacti uya kuhlala ufuna njengeUkucoca kakhulu umtya, Ukuxuba lungile ubungakanani besanti kunye negrabile. ICacti inokugcinwa ixesha elide kunye neengcambu emoyeni, nangona ndincoma ukuyityala ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ineengcambu (ukucoca i-substrate endala kwangaphambili). Ukuba abanazo kwaye bakho ezinye isilonda esivulekileyo, zinokushiywa ngaphandle kwe-substrate emoyeni kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini ukuze ziphilise kwaye akukho bungozi bokubola. Nje ukuba i-substrate ilungisiwe kwaye iingcambu zicociwe (okanye amanxeba avaliwe), inxenye yembiza iya kugcwaliswa nge-substrate, i-cactus iya kubekwa kwaye iya kugcwaliswa kancinci kancinci, iqinisekise ukuba i-substrate ingena phakathi iingcambu. Ngokwesiqhelo, kufanelekile ukunqanda ukungcwaba ngaphezulu kunangaphambili, nangona ukuba ingenazingcambu, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukwenza njalo. Ngaba kunjalo iyancomeka nxiba iiglavu. Ukukhetha i-substrate singahlulahlula sibe ngamaqela amathathu:
- Uhlobo lwecactiI-50% ye-substrate yendalo iphela kunye ne-50% yegrabile okanye isanti zihlala zisebenza kakuhle.
- Ingcambu yeNapiform cactus (iingcambu ezingqindilili ezingqindilili): zidinga ukufunxa kunye necandelo elingaphantsi komoya, ke ziya kudinga igrabile kunye nesanti. I-33% yegrabile, i-33% yesanti, kunye ne-33% ye-cactus substrate ihlala ilungile.
- CEpiphytic okanye jungle actus: Bajwayele ukubamba ukufuma okungaphezulu, ngenxa yoko sinokusebenzisa isanti encinci. Ukongeza, ukonyusa i-aeration sinokusebenzisa i-substrate yee-orchids endaweni yokudityaniswa.
Ukuqaqanjelwa
Nangona luhlobo olunye (Euphorbia), lelinye lawona maqela ahlukeneyo, anezityalo zazo zonke iintlobo kunye nezona nkathalo zahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, sinokuthi ukuba baneengcambu kuya kufuneka ukunqanda ukonakalisa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isiseko esitsha sigubungela yonke imingxunya, kwaye ukuba abanayo, kuya kufuneka igcinelwe kude inyanga ngaphandle kokutyala. Ngezi zityalo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba zithande ukuba neengcambu ezimbi kakhulu kwaye ngokuthe chu. Kuya kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngefayile yakho Ityhefu yetyhefu kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuphatha, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iigloves (eziya kuthi zikhusele nakumava akho) nakwiiglasi.
Crassulaceae
Ngokuqhelekileyo zizityalo ezinganyangekiyo ezithatha iingcambu ngokulula. Ingalinda ithutyana ngaphambili batyale kodwa kuhlala kungekho sizathu soko. Ndiyacebisa ukuba ungaphuli nengcambu yebhola ngaphandle kokuba ivela kwi-substrate ofuna ukuyisusa, kwaye ubaphathe njengesityalo esiqhelekileyo. Ukuba awunazingcambu, ungalinda iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze zivalwe okanye uzityale ngokuthe ngqo, ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo leyo. Ukuba bayakwenza kwaye kugqitywe ukuba bayophule ingcambu okanye bacoce iingcambu, xa bebeka kwindawo entsha, i-substrate kuya kufuneka igubungele zonke iingcambu kakuhle. izikhewu. Unonophelo kufuneka lwenziwe xa ubaphatha ukusukela oko Iziqu kunye namagqabi zihlala ziba brittle. Ngokubhekisele kumxube we-substrate, uninzi lunokuhlala kwi-substrate yendalo iphela, kodwa ndincoma ukubaxuba ubuncinci i-30% yegrabile okanye isanti.
UMzantsi Afrika
Iqela elahlukileyo elibandakanya i-aizoaceae (amatye aphilayo kunye nezinto ezinje) kunye nezinye iziselo ezisuka eMzantsi Afrika. Ukubonakala kwezi zityalo que Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ezininzi ezidlulileyo, ziyakhula kuphela xa kupholile, zingena torpor ehlotyeni. Ezi zityalo zihlala zifuna i-substrates kakhulu ukukhupha kunye nokunkcenkceshela kuphela xa kubuzwa, ngenxa yoko akuqhelekanga ukucetyiswa kwabaqalayo. Ngokubhekisele kwi-substrate kunye nokufakelwa, sizahlulahlula sibe ngamaqela amathathu:
- Amatye aphilayo (IiLithops, IPleiospilos, Isiseko…): Bafuna i-substrate ngokobubanzi, oko kukuthi, umxube ofanayo awukhuthazwanga njengazo zonke ezinye izityalo. Siza kudinga isiseko segrabile erhabaxa, umaleko womxube ofanayo nalowo we-napiform root cacti (I-33% yegrabile, i-33% yesanti kunye ne-33% substrate ye-cacti. Okukhona igrabile kunye nesanti, kokukhona kuya kuncipha ukuba siyibulale ngokubola, kodwa kuya kufuneka kunkcenkceshelwe ngakumbi) apho sibeka khona iingcambu zesityalo, sizama ukuzenza zime nkqo (ukufezekisa oku, abaninzi bancomela ukusikwa kwenxalenye enkulu yeengcambu), kwaye ekugqibeleni umaleko wamatye acocekileyo agudileyo aya kugquma isiqu sesityalo nenxalenye yamagqabi (kuya kuxhomekeka kwindidi).
- ICaudiciformes (IDioscorea, iAdenium ...) liqela lezityalo ezingadibaniyo kwaphela, kodwa ngokubanzi zonke zifuna iswekile eninzi kunye nokutsala kakhulu. Umxube we Iipesenti ezingama-33%, isanti engama-33%, kunye ne-33% ye-cactus substrate ngokubanzi nayo yenza kakuhle. Iingcambu zawo zihlala zijiyile kwaye zimbalwa ngenani, ngoko ke akukho nzima ukugcwalisa imingxunya kakuhle nge-substrate. Into enomdla kakhulu enokuthi yenziwe ngezi zityalo kukuzibeka phezulu nangaphezulu emva kofakelo ngalunye, ukubonisa i-caudex ngakumbi nangakumbi.
- PhumlaIsininzi siza kukhula kakuhle kumxube weendawo ezilinganayo zomhlaba kunye negrabile okanye isanti, kwaye inkqubo yokufakelwa iya kufana neye-crassulaceae.
Okunye:
Apha singabandakanya bonke abo abangafaneleyo kwamanye amaqela. Elinye lahlukile, kodwa ngokubanzi singatsho ukuba ngokubeka i-50% yomhlaba wonke, i-50% yegrabile kunye / okanye isanti kwaye ungagcini iingcambu emoyeni ixesha elide, ziya kubambelela kakuhle.
Utyala nini iisucculents?
Ukuphendula oku, kwakhona, siza kubahlula ngokwamaqela, kodwa kuqala kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba ukuba awucwangcisi ukwaphula ingcambu, ixesha alibalulekanga, kwaye ukuba sele lithengiwe kwaye iya kwi-substrate ye-organic efana ne-peat okanye ifayibha yekhokhonathi kuya kufuneka iphinde ifakwe kwaye iingcambu zicocwe ewe okanye ewe, ngaphandle kwexesha okanye amaqondo obushushu. Kuya kufuneka ulumkele utshintsho olwenzeka ngesiquphe kwindawo, enokubangela ukuba batshise ukuba iiyure zokukhanya kwelanga zanda ngequbuliso, ngakumbi ukuba zikhatshwa kukuphulukana neengcambu.
- I-monocots ezingezizo ezesibhakabhaka: Bafuna ubushushu kwiingcambu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubatshintshele entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni. Ukuba zenziwe ngalo naliphi na elinye ixesha aziyi kuncothula de kubethe ubushushu, nangona ngokubanzi zinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba zinokuhlala kude kube lelo xesha.
- Ubundlobongela: Bahlala bezithengisa ezingxoweni apho kuboniswe ukuba ziyenziwa nini, kodwa ayibalulekanga kwaye inefuthe kuphela xa ziya kuhluma kwaye zidubule. Ukuba zazisele zityaliwe ngaphambili thintela ukonakalisa iingcambu ngelixa zinamagqabi okanye iintyatyambo.
- Cactus: Ixesha alibalulekanga kakhulu, nangona kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni ukuze babe nexesha lokuziqhelanisa nobusika.
- Ukuqaqanjelwa: Kunzima ukunika ixesha elithile, kodwa okona kukhuselekileyo yintwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, kulapho ke zikhula ngamandla kakhulu.
- Crassulaceae: Ngokwesiqhelo ixesha alinamsebenzi. Umahluko ocacileyo zezi IAeonium, ezimila kuphela xa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ejikeleze ama-20ºC.
- UMzantsi Afrika: Okona kulungileyo ngokubanzi kukwindla, xa kuqala ukuhluma okanye ngaphambili, nangona ezo zikhula ehlotyeni zibamba nanini na. Malunga ne amatye aphilayo, elona xesha lililo kuxa ugqibe amagqabi amadala kwaye amatsha avele ngokupheleleyo.
- Okunye: Kuxhomekeka kwisityalo ngasinye, kodwa singabeka njengomgaqo ngokubanzi ukusuka phakathi entwasahlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ezona ngxaki ziqhelekileyo ngaphambi nasemva kokufakelwa
Ngokwesiqhelo siyakwazi ukuba isityalo sifuna ukufakelwa xa sikhula kancinci kunesiqhelo, yellows Nokuba uyichumisa okanye inembiza egcwele iingcambu. Ukuba i-substrate abavela kuyo kwi-nursery ayisuswanga, iingxaki ziya kuvela ngokukhawuleza, ethathwe ekugqithiseni kwamanzi, nto leyo ebangela ukunqongophala kokuhambisa amanzi kunye ne-aeration ye-substrates ezihlala zithwala, phakathi kwazo:
- Ingcambu yokubola: inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na into emnandi.
- Isiqu ukubola: ngokubanzi kuyabulala kwi-cacti kunye sifile, kwezinye kuhlala kulula ukubagcina. Inqabile kakhulu kwi yamocotyledons.
- Isityalo esikhuthazayo: Eqheleke kakhulu kwingcambu ye-napiform cacti kunye namatye aphilayo. Ayisiqhelo ukubulala ukuba ilungiswa kwangoko ibonwayo, nangona ibenza babe babi.
- Isityalo esomileyo lonto ayiphinde ibuye nokuba usele kangakanani amanzi: ii-substrates zezinto eziphilayo zihlala zithanda ukuba engangeni manzi (igxotha amanzi) xa yomile ngokupheleleyo. Ungayifumana ukuze iphinde ifumane amanzi ngokuntywilisela emanzini okwexeshana (ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa), kodwa nje ukuba iphinde yome kwakhona, kuya kwenzeka okufanayo. Oku kuyenzeka nangeengcambu ezininzi ze-napiform cacti kuba azikwazi ukufunxa amanzi agcinwe zizinto eziphilayo.
Emva kokufakelwa
Ukuba yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha layo akufuneki kubekho ngxaki, kodwa ukuba zikhona, eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Isityalo esomileyo: Yenzeka ngokukodwa xa kutyalwe into engaphelelwa lixesha ye monocots xa iingcambu zonakalisiwe. Inokwenzeka kwakhona kwi-crassulaceae ukuba zibekwe kwilanga elipheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba zibe neengcambu. Ayisiyongxaki kwii-succulents, zihlala zibuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo xa zinengcambu. Isenokubangelwa kukungankcenkcesheli ngokwaneleyo.
- Isiseko esibolileyo: yenzeka ngakumbi kutshintsho olungaphandle komhla IAeonium kunye sifile. Uhlala uqaphela kuba isityalo asikhuli unyaka wonke. Isonjululwe ngokusika ukubola, ukuyiyeka ivale inxeba emoyeni okwethutyana kwaye iphinde iphindwe, ngexesha layo.
- Isityalo esibolileyo: Kuhlala kwenzeka xa unkcenkceshela kakhulu phambi kokuba isityalo sibe neengcambu. Kwenzeka ikakhulu kwi-cacti ebityaliwe ngaphandle kweengcambu. Ukuthintela oku, kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba ungabankcenkcesheli de bathathe iingcambu.
- Isityalo esitshisiweyo: Le ngxaki ayivelwanga kangako kufakelo njengokutshintsha kwendawo. Kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngeenguqu ezenzeka ngequbuliso kwiiyure zokukhanya kwelanga, kokubini xa sithenga isityalo esitsha naxa sisisusa, kuba nangona oku kutsha kungadli ngokubulala, kuya kubangela amanxeba anokuhlala iminyaka emininzi.
Ekupheleni kosuku, zonke ezi zizindululo, kungcono ukuzama de ufumane okona kusebenza ngcono kuwe. Kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, ungaze uyeke ukuzama ukukhulisa ezi zityalo zimnandi nokuba ungafa kangaphi. Kungekudala okanye kamva uyakufumana ifomula ekusebenzela ngokugqibeleleyo.