I-Echinacea yizitshalo ezifinyelela ubude obufinyelela kumamitha amabili, nalokho unezimbali ezinkulu eziheha inqwaba yezinambuzane ezizuzisayo yingakho zithakazelisa kakhulu ukutshala ezingadini zezithelo noma eziseduze, kanye nasezivandeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingashintshwa ukuze zihlale ezimbizeni, ukuze uzithole lapho ufuna khona.
Kepha ubuntu abuthokozeli nje kuphela umbala nobukhulu bezimbali zabo, kodwa futhi nezinto zawo zokwelapha, esizokhuluma ngazo ngezansi ukuze, ngale ndlela, wazi konke ngazo.
Umsuka nezimpawu ze-Echinacea
I-Echinacea iyinhlobo yochungechunge lwezitshalo ezingapheli ze-herbaceous ezivela eNyakatho Melika. Kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili ezamukelekayo, yize sekuchaziwe ezingama-23. Zonke zinezici ezifanayo kakhulu; empeleni, umehluko ophawuleka kakhulu ubukhulu bamaqabunga awo kanye / noma umbala wezimbali zawo. Bafinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-90 namamitha amabiliZine-lanceolate kumacembe ama-elliptical, futhi umbala walokho okuvame ukudideka namacembe kodwa empeleni angama-ligament kungaba pinki, onsomi noma ngaphezulu okungajwayelekile okuphuzi noma okumhlophe.
Kungumndeni wakwa-Asteraceae, futhi njengabo, izimbali zawo ziqoqwe ku-inflorescence lapho isigaxa esimaphakathi siveza ukubonga okuncane emaligilini aqhamuka ngemuva kwawo. Ku-protagonist yethu, ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zikhula kancane ziye phansi, zikwenze kubukeke kangcono kakhulu. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo-ehlobo.
Njengeqiniso elithandekayo, sizokutshela ukuthi igama elithi Echinacea livela echino, ngesiGreki okusho ameva. Lokhu kubhekisa kwisigaxa, kepha ungakhathazeki, ungasithinta ngaphandle kokuzilimaza.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Yize kuneshumi nambili, akubona bonke abaziwa ngokulinganayo. Eqinisweni, imakethe cishe njalo ithengisa imbewu yezinhlobo ezimbili, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu. Uma ufuna ukuthola ezinye izinhlobo, imvamisa kufanele ubheke kumasayithi akhethekile noma lawo athengisa imbewu evela ezweni langaphandle.
Kodwa-ke, sifuna ubazi ukuze wazi ukuthi zinhle kanjani:
I-Echinacea angustifolia
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Dy-e
La echinacea emincane Kuyinto ehlukahlukene efinyelela imitha elilodwa ukuphakama futhi, njengoba igama layo likhombisa, inamaqabunga amancane kunezinye izinhlobo. Izimbali zayo zibomvana noma nsomi. Yiso esisetshenziswa kakhulu njengesitshalo somuthi, ngoba sisebenza ukuvimbela nokwelapha imikhuhlane nokwenza ngcono ukugayeka kokudla, phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi esizobona kamuva.
I-Echinacea atrorubens
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- Isithombe - www.kansasnativeplants.com/
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- Isithombe - www.kansasnativeplants.com/
La I-Echinacea atrorubens Yisitshalo esifana ncamashi naleso esisanda kusibona, kodwa sincane: sinobude obungamasentimitha angama-90 kuphela futhi sinamaqabunga abanzi kakhulu. Izimbali zayo zingaba pinki, noma kwesinye isikhathi zibe mhlophe.
I-Echinacea laevigata
Isithombe - Flickr / cotinis
La I-Echinacea laevigata kuyinhlobo esengozini yokuqothulwa. Ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5 ukuphakama, futhi yehlukile kokunye ngokuba nemithambo emincane kakhulu (amacembe angamanga). Lezi zinsomi.
I-Echinacea pallida
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Eric Hunt
I-echinacea embala onsomi yisitshalo esifinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-45 kuya kwangu-90 ukuphakama. Izimbali zaso zinama-ligament amancane, aqondile futhi ngokuvamile amhlophe ngombala., kepha angaba pinki okhanyayo.
I-Echinacea Paradoxa
Yaziwa njenge-echinacea ephuzi futhi kuyisitshalo esisongelwa lapho sidabuka khona. Ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha angama-90 ukuphakama, futhi ikhiqiza cishe njalo izimbali eziphuzi, kodwa kukhona futhi ezimhlophe nezibomvana.
I-Echinacea purpurea
Isithombe - Flickr / Matt Lavin
Kuyinto echinacea ejwayelekile. Ingafinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-120 ukuphakama, ngakho-ke ingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu. Izimbali zayo zibomvana noma nsomi. njenge E. angustifoliaIbuye isebenzise njengesitshalo somuthi.
I-Echinacea sanguinea
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Eric Hunt
La I-Echinacea sanguinea Kuyisitshalo esikhula size sifike kumasentimitha ayi-120 ukuphakama. Izimbali zayo zipinki okumhlophe, futhi zinesigaxa esibomvu esimnyama, isici esinikeza isibongo. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, inhlobonhlobo ethakazelisa kakhulu.
Kuyini?
I-Echinacea inokusetshenziswa okuningana okuthakazelisa kakhulu. Okuyinhloko ngukuthi imihlobiso. Kuyisitshalo esingaphezu kukasayizi ohloniphekile ongakhula esivandeni, ngokwesibonelo kuchazwa izindlela noma izindlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhula kahle kakhulu ezimbizeni, futhi iheha izinambuzane ezifana nezinyosi noma izimvemvane, yingakho ingumlingani omuhle womlimi kanye nanoma ngubani otshala izitshalo ngenjabulo kanye / noma ukusetshenziswa.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa yi okwelapha, ngohlelo lokusebenza lwezihloko. Besilokhu sikhuluma ngaphambi kwe- I-Echinacea angustifolia futhi we I-Echinacea purpurea. Kokubili kusetshenziselwa kabanzi izinzuzo ezikulethayo empilweni yomuntu. Isibonelo, bane-antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, aperitif, kanye ne-antiviral properties. Aqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi avimbele izifo ukuthi zingabi zimbi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banakekela isikhumba, belapha amanxeba nezilonda.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Echinacea nokulima
Ekugcineni, sifuna wazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani futhi uyihlakule. Ngale ndlela, ungajabulela isitshalo esinempilo nesigugu isikhathi eside:
Indawo
Kubalulekile ukuthi ibekwe ngaphandle kusukela osukwini lokuqala, kusukela kufanele kube elangeni eliqondile. Ngale ndlela, ngeke ikhule kahle kuphela, okungukuthi, ngeziqu zibheke phezulu futhi zingagobekile, kodwa futhi zizoba namandla anele ukuqhakaza.
Inhlabathi noma i-substrate
- Imbiza yezimbali: kuyisitshalo esizoba nentuthuko engcono uma sigcinwa ebhodweni elinendawo engaphansi ekhulayo equkethe i-30% perlite (iyathengiswa lapha). Futhi, ibhodwe kumele libe nezimbobo kusisekelo salo.
- Isibindi: ihlala enhlabathini elula enamanzi amaningi futhi ngakho-ke imunca amanzi ngokushesha.
Ukunisela
I-Echinaceae imelana nesomiso kahle, inqobo nje uma ingekho yinde kakhulu futhi isemhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ubanisele ngokwesilinganiso sezikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto, ukubeka izikhala zokunisela ngesikhathi sekwindla nasebusika ukuze izimpande zingagcwali.
Uma kungenzeka babe nazo ezimbizeni, bazoniselwa cishe ama-3-4 ngesonto ehlobo, kepha unyaka wonke kufanele kwenziwe kanye noma okungenani kabili ngeviki.
Umbhalisile
Kufanele ikhokhwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Kulezo zizini ezimbili kulapho ikhula khona, ngakho-ke, lapho idinga umquba kakhulu. Ngalokhu sincoma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-organic, ngoba lokhu futhi kugcina impilo yalezo zinambuzane ezivakashela izimbali zakho. Isibonelo, yena Earthworm humus, i-guano noma umquba zilungele lesi sitshalo.
Ukuphindaphinda
I-Echinaceae nande ngembewu. Lokhu kuyalulekwa ukuthi kuhlwanyelwe entwasahlobo, ngoba ngale ndlela bazoba nengxenye enhle yonyaka abazokhula ngayo. Kepha uma isimo sezulu simnene noma kungekho sithwathwa, kungenziwa nasekuqaleni kokuwa. Izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe yilezi:
- Okokuqala ukukhetha nokulungisa umbhede wembewu. Siyeluleka ukuthi ibe yitreyi lezithombo elifana neli lokhu, ngoba ngale ndlela uzoba nokulawula ukuhluma, kepha futhi kungakufanelekela ibhodwe noma imboni yokutshala. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele igcwaliswe nge-substrate yezithombo (ezithengiswayo lapha) noma i-substrate yendawo yonke, namanzi ngokucophelela.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu izotshalwa. Uma bezokuba sethreyini yesithombo, kuzobekwa ezimbili ku-alveolus ngayinye; uma kuyimbiza engeqi kwe-3, futhi uma kungumtshali bangabekwa kude ngamasentimitha amahlanu ukusuka kolunye kuya kolunye.
- Bese zimbozwe nge-substrate. Isendlalelo kufanele sibe mncane, ngoba ngaphezu kwanoma yini ezosiza ukuvimbela ilanga ekubanikeni ngokuqondile.
- Ekugcineni, umbhede wembewu kufanele ubekwe ngaphakathi kwepuleti noma ugqoko. Kungani? Ngoba kuze kube yilapho imbewu ihluma futhi nezitshalo zikhula, kufanele iniselwe kusuka phansi, okungukuthi, ukugcwalisa lelo puleti noma ithreyi ngamanzi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, izokhishelwa ngaphandle, endaweni enelanga, futhi izoniselwa njalo lapho umhlaba ubukeka womile. A) Yebo izohluma cishe esontweni. Lapho nje zingamasentimitha angu-5-7 ukuphakama, kufanele zimiswe ngotshani bese zitshalwa ezimbizeni ngazinye, noma engadini.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Yisitshalo esingathintwa izinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Izinambuzane: izibungu, ama-mealybugs, ama-aphid, izimpukane ezimhlophe, zonke zingasuswa ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous, insipho ye-potassium ongabona ividiyo engezansi, noma uwoyela we-neem (uyathengiswa lapha). Futhi futhi iminenke nama-slugs, okungezona izinambuzane ezinjena, kepha uma unikezwe umonakalo abawenzayo (bangaqeda nokuqeda) kubalulekile ukuthi balawulwe ngawo imikhiqizo ethile.
- Izifo: ama-bacterium e-pathogenic, njenge I-Pseudomonas cichorii, noma igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ikhukhamba yizifo zalo ezibucayi kakhulu. Ezinye zibangelwa isikhunta se-pathogenic, njenge-phytophthora ebola izimpande, noma isikhutha se-powdery esimboza amaqabunga ngesikhunta esimpunga. Ukugwema lokhu, gwema ukuchelela ngokungadingekile, futhi ugcine isitshalo siphilile. Uma kunezimpawu, izingxenye ezithintekile kufanele zisuswe lapho kungenzeka khona. Ngeshwa, alikho ikhambi elisebenzayo lokulwa namagciwane noma ama-virus, kepha ngokumelene nesikhunta kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa ama-fungicides aqukethe ithusi, njenge lokhu.
Ukufakelwa
I-Echinaceae ikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke bangahle badinge ukushintshwa kwebhodlela njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu noma ngaphezulu. Uma ufuna ukuwatshala emhlabathini, kufanele ulinde kuqala ukuthi agxile kahle ebhodweni, okungukuthi, kuze kube yilapho izimpande zawo ziphuma ngemigodi esembizeni; ngemuva kwalokho, zingathuthelwa engadini entwasahlobo.
Isibindi
Zimelana nokushisa nokubanda. Babekezelela isithwathwa esifinyelela ku -18ºC, namazinga okushisa angama-35ºC. Vele, abakwazi ukuswela amanzi uma kwenzeka kuba nokushisa okude kakhulu futhi okukhulu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Ungayithenga kuphi i-Echinacea?
Uma ufuna ukuthenga imbewu, ungakwenza kusuka lapha. Yiba nokutshala okujabulisayo.
