Izitshalo zomndeni waseRoseaceae, ezaziwa ngokuthi I-RosaceaeYibo abanenani lomhlobiso liphakeme kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezikhiqiza izithelo ezidliwayo nokuthi, ngenxa yalokhu, ziyatshalwa ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba.
Ngemikhakha engu-90-130, lapho izinhlobo zezinhlobo eziphakathi kuka-2000 no-2500 zisatshalaliswa, ngezinye zezinto eziphumelele kakhulu abake baba nazo ngesikhathi bekhiqiza umhlaba; hhayi ngeze, ukusatshalaliswa kwalo cishe kungathiwa emhlabeni wonke. Kepha, ziyini izici zabo?
Ziziphi izici zayo?
Izitshalo zomndeni waseRosaceae zinezici ezibenza bahluke, kuqala ngezabo flores. Lezi zivame ukuba ngama-hermaphrodites, akhiwe nge-calyx enama-sepals ama-5, i-corolla enamacembe amahlanu (imvamisa), kanye ne-5-4 stamens. Imibala ihluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo nezinhlobo, futhi ingaba mhlophe, iphinki, ibomvu, iphuzi, iwolintshi, futhi ibicolor imbala. Zibonakala zodwa noma ngamaqoqo, ama-spikes noma ama-corymbs, kuyo yonke intwasahlobo nasehlobo.
El izithelo iyahlukahluka kakhulu, ikwazi ukuba i-achene, i-drupe, i-follicle noma i-pommel, ngaphakathi lapho sithola khona imbewu encane engenazo izinqolobane zokudla kuma-cotyledons (abizwa ngama-endosperms).
Uma sikhuluma umnyango, Ziyizihlahla, izihlahla, abagibeli, amakhambi angapheli anama-rhizomes noma unyaka. Isiqu ngokuvamile siba nokhuni noma sibe yisiqingatha, futhi sifinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamamitha angama-30 no-20. Amahlamvu alula noma ahlanganisiwe ahluma emagatsheni, ngokuvamile ayashintshana, ngameva nezinsimbi (ngaphandle kwe- I-Spiraea).
Yini imikhaya engaphansi kwemindeni yaseRosaceae?
Zimi kanje:
- I-Monocarpelar: izimbali zayo zine-gynoecium ene-carpel eyodwa (amaqabunga aguquliwe ayingxenye yohlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane).
- I-Prunoideae: eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Amygaloideae. Kungumndeni omncane wezitshalo ze-arboreal ezinamaqabunga amancane amancane futhi anqabile.
- Ubulili:
- I-Exochorda
- I-Maddenia
- I-Oemleria
- I-Prinsepia
- Prunus
- Ubulili:
- I-Prunoideae: eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Amygaloideae. Kungumndeni omncane wezitshalo ze-arboreal ezinamaqabunga amancane amancane futhi anqabile.
- Ama-Polycarpels: izimbali zayo zine-gynoecium eyakhiwe ngaphezulu kwe-carpel eyodwa.
- I-Rosoideae: yizitshalo ezivamise ukukhiqiza izithelo eziningi, noma indawo eyomile eyomile.
- Izizwe:
- I-Colurieae
- I-Crataegeae
- I-Dryadeae
- I-Exochordeae
- Gillenieae
- I-Kerrieae
- I-Neillieae
- I-Potentilleae
- URoseae
- I-Rubeae
- I-Sanguisorbeae
- ulmariae
- Izizwe:
- I-Maloideae: ziyizitshalo ezinamapulangwe nezinamaqabunga, ezinamaqabunga aqinile. Izithelo ziwuhlobo lwe-pommel.
- Isizukulwane nezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu:
- I-Chaenomeles (quince waseJapan)
- I-Cotoneaster horizontalis (i-cotoneaster)
- I-Eriobotrya japonica (i-medlar)
- I-Malus sylvestris (umuthi we-apula)
- IPyrus communis (isihlahla sepheya)
- I-Sorbus domestica (i-rowan ejwayelekile)
- Isizukulwane nezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu:
- I-Rosoideae: yizitshalo ezivamise ukukhiqiza izithelo eziningi, noma indawo eyomile eyomile.
Ubucabangani ngalesi sihloko?