Isithombe - Wikimedia / Alvesgaspar
I-Eryngium iwuhlobo lwekhakhasi elinezimbali ezibukisayo ngempela. Nakuba sikhuluma ngezitshalo ezinameva, lokho akusho ukuthi ngeke zisetshenziselwe ukuhlobisa ingadi; Eqinisweni, ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi uzozijabulela kakhulu uma uzitshala, isibonelo, kulezo zindawo lapho ungafuni ukuthi izilwane zingene khona.
Ngisho noma ungenawo umhlaba wokuwabeka, nawo azobukeka emuhle ebhodweni. Yebo kunjalo. ukugwema izinkinga kubalulekile ukuthi ungazibeki endaweni enelanganjengoba beyidinga ukuze ikhule.
Umsuka nezici ze-Eryngium
Ama-eryngium amakhambi atholakala emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Melika, eNyakatho Afrika, eYurophu nase-Asia. Bangabomndeni Apiaceae, futhi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 ezihlukene, okungaba minyaka yonke (okungukuthi, baphila unyaka owodwa kuphela noma ngaphansi), kabili ngonyaka (baphila cishe iminyaka emibili) noma njalo (baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili).
Ukuphakama kwabo nakho kuyahlukahluka kakhulu, njengoba kukhona abanye abafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30, futhi kukhona abanye abathinta amamitha amabili. Amaqabunga aqondile ukuya ku-orbicular, aphelele noma, kaningi, ahlukaniswe abe ama-pinnae noma ama-lobed. Cishe njalo banameva.
Ngokuqondene nezimbali, aqoqwe ngama-capitular, ama-racemose noma ama-panicular inflorescences, futhi anombala omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi.. Uma sezifakwe impova, zikhiqiza izithelo ezincane ze-globose noma i-obovoid.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-Eryngium yilezo ozokwazi ukuzibona ngezansi. Bheka futhi uzitholele ngokwakho inani labo lokuhlobisa:
I-Eryngium alpinum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / peganum
El I-Eryngium alpinum Kuyi-spiny perennial herb edabuka eYurophu. Ngokukhethekile, ikhula e-Alps naseBalkan. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-60, futhi inamaqabunga a-spiny phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-8 no-15 ubude. Izimbali zawo zilinganiselwa kumasentimitha angu-4 futhi ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezimhlophe.
I-Eryngium bourgatii
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Emőke Dénes
El I-Eryngium bourgatii Isitshalo esingapheli esinameva esiwathola eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, ikakhulukazi ePyrenees naseCentral System. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-panical thistle, thistle emhlophe noma i-Magdalena thistle. Ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha ayi-45 ubude, futhi inamaqabunga aphakathi kwamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwangu-3 ubude. Izimbali zawo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi zivela entwasahlobo-ehlobo.
Indawo yokuhlala yase-Eryngium
Isithombe - Wikimedia / AudreyMuratet
El Indawo yokuhlala yase-EryngiumIbizwa ngokuthi i-runner thistle, i-setero thistle noma i-tinder thistle, isitshalo esingapheli esitholakala eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, naseNyakatho Afrika. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-70, futhi ivikelwe kakhulu ameva. Izimbali zawo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zilinganisa cishe amasentimitha amathathu ububanzi.
I-Eryngium foetidum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Yercaud-elango
El I-Eryngium foetidum Ikhambi laminyaka yonke elaziwa ngamagama e-coriander, i-habanero, i-alcapate, noma i-coyote cilantro. Itholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika, futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama okuphakathi kuka-0 no-5 amasentimitha. Amaqabunga awo amise okwe-lance, futhi afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30 ubude aze afike ku-5 amasentimitha ububanzi. Futhi, lezi ziyadliwa; empeleni, ungawadla amasha ngaphandle kwenkinga. Izimbali ziluhlaza ngokuphuzi.
I-Eryngium yuccifolium
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Sesamehoneytart
El I-Eryngium yuccifolium Kuwumuthi ongapheli odabuka eMelika ofinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-1,8. Amaqabunga awo made futhi azacile, anobude obufika kumitha elingu-1 kuze kufike ku-3 centimeters ububanzi. Izimbali zinombala oluhlaza okotshani noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence amise okwe-umbel, futhi acishe abe ngamasentimitha amathathu ububanzi.
Njengelukuluku, kufanele wazi ukuthi aboMdabu baseMelika basebenzisa izimpande zalesi sitshalo ukwelapha ukulunywa yizinyoka ezinobuthi.
I-Eryngium maritimum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Uleli
El I-Eryngium maritimum Kuyisitshalo esingapheli esitholakala ogwini lwase-Europe esaziwa ngokuthi yi-sea thistle noma i-marine thistle. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-50, futhi izimbali zawo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ezisiliva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye zethenda zingadliwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, njengokungathi ziyi-asparagus.
I-Eryngium planum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Bernard DUPONT
El I-Eryngium planum isitshalo esingapheli sitholakala eYurophu nase-Asia ifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-60 ubude. Inamaqabunga e-basal nezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isetshenziswa njengomuthi, ngoba iyi-diuretic, futhi ivuselela isifiso sokudla.
I-Eryngium viviparum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / The Official
El I-Eryngium viviparum isitshalo esingapheli sitholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeFrance naseSpain. Ikhula phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-2 kuya kwangu-10 ubude, futhi ayinawo ama-spines. Amaqabunga awo aphakathi kuka-1 no-10 amasentimitha ubude no-0,2-1 amasentimitha ububanzi. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esincane esikhiqiza izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Sebenzisa
I-genus Eryngium yakhiwe uchungechunge lwezinhlobo ezitholakalayo asetshenziswa kakhulu emithini yesintu kanye nasezintweni ezidliwayo. Isibonelo: izimpande, amaqabunga namahlumela avame ukusetshenziswa njengemifino; futhi kukhona ezinye izinhlobo ezinezakhiwo zokwelapha, njenge I-Eryngium yuccifolium futhi i I-Eryngium maritimum; empeleni, asetshenziswa njengama-diuretics, ama-laxatives, ama-stimulants, noma ama-anti-inflammatories.
Ingabe zingatshalwa?
I-Eryngium ngamakhambi okuthi, ngenxa yezimpawu zawo, ngezinye izikhathi awadumile kakhulu ezingadini. Kodwa, njengoba sesibonile, kukhona ezinye ezinezimbali ezifuna ukwazi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ake sibone ukuthi singazikhulisa kanjani:
Ukuhlwanyela
Okokuqala nje, into yokuqala ukuthola imbewu. Lokhu kuzokwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngoba yilapho isimo sezulu sivuma ukuhluma kwayo. Uma sesinawo, Sizozihlwanyela emathreyini ezithombo ngokungcono, noma ezimbizeni, nomhlabathi othize wemibhede yembewu (iyathengiswa lapha) noma nge-universal culture substrate.
Sizobeka inani eliphakeme lezimbewu ezimbili, siqinisekise ukuthi zihlukaniswa komunye nomunye, futhi azingcwatshwa ngokujulile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ubeke ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi ukuze ilanga lingabashayi ngokuqondile.
Khona-ke, Izoshiywa kuphela ukuthi inisele futhi ibeke umbhede wembewu ngaphandle, endaweni enelanga. Zizohluma ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-8-15, kuye ngokuthi zisha kangakanani.
Ukufakelwa
Lapho izithombo zinezimpande eziphuma emigodini yokukhipha amanzi kumbhede wembewu, kuzoba yisikhathi sokutshala emabhodweni amakhulu. noma, uma uthanda, engadini. Esimweni sokuqala, izogcwaliswa nge-substrate yendawo yonke (iyathengiswa lapha); futhi okwesibili, kuyodingeka sithole indawo lapho iqhubeka nokuchayeka elangeni eliqondile, nalapho umhlaba ukhipha amanzi ngokushesha.
Kumele zitshalwe kabusha ngokucophelela, kuqikelelwe ukuthi zingasebenzisi izimpande kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, kubalulekile ukuthi izitshalo zisilingane kahle, okungukuthi, zingabi phezulu kakhulu noma ziphansi kakhulu mayelana nezinga lenhlabathi noma i-substrate.
Isondlo
I-Eryngium ngamakhambi angadingi ukunakekelwa okuningi. Uma zithola ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile usuku lonke futhi inhlabathi ezikhula kuyo ikwazi ukumunca futhi zisefe amanzi ngokushesha, okumele sikwenze wukunisela izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto phakathi nezinyanga ezishisa kakhulu onyakeni, kanye ngesonto.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukubakhokhela kabili ngeviki, wengeze idlanzana lomquba noma omunye umanyolo wemvelo, njengomquba wenkomo noma Earthworm humus (kuyathengiswa lapha). Yiqiniso, uma sinawo ezimbizeni, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi, njalo ulandela izinkomba esizozithola esitsheni.
Ucabangani nge-Eryngium?