Uma kukhona uhlobo lwesitshalo emhlabeni oludonsela ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, yilokho isitshalo esidla inyama. Yize okudume kakhulu kukho konke lokho esikwaziyo njenge-Venus flytrap, nangesiLatin UDionaea muscipula, empeleni kukhona izinhlobo eziningana nezinhlobo zazo; namakhulu, uma kungenjalo izinkulungwane, zezilimo.
Ukwazi umsuka wayo nokuyibona ezithombeni kuyinto ehlukile, kepha ukufunda ukuthi ungayihlakulela kanjani kuhlukile.. Akunzima, yize ngicabanga ukuthi ukunakekelwa ekudingayo akufani ncamashi nokudingayo, isibonelo, i-geranium.
Siyini isitshalo esidla inyama?
Isitshalo esidlayo, noma isitshalo esinambuzane, Yiyo edinga ukuzingela izinambuzane ukuze izondle. Lesi yisilinganiso sokuzivumelanisa nendawo lapho umhlaba unokusilela okukhulu kwe-nitrogen, futhi okuvame ukuba ne-asidi futhi njalo noma cishe kuswakeme njalo.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezibalelwa ku-600 zezitshalo ezidla inyama, ezihlelwe zaba izizukulwane eziyi-11 zezitshalo, okuyizona ezilinywa kakhulu kunazo zonke yilezi: I-Sarracenia, UDionaea, ISundew y ENepenthes.
Zikhula kuphi izitshalo ezidla inyama?
Kuya ngohlobo, kepha ngokuvamile zizalwa ezifundeni ezishisayo nezishisayo zomhlaba. Imvamisa zisezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, amabhogi nokunye okunjalo. Yize i-priori ingabonakala ingajwayelekile, eYurophu sinezinye izinhlobo zendabuko, ezinjenge:
- ISundew rotundifolia
- I-Drosophyllum lusitanicum
- Iphengwini waseLusitanian
Izinhlobo zezicupho zezitshalo ezidla inyama
Lezi zitshalo zihlukaniswa ngezindlela eziningana, futhi esinye sazo ngohlobo lwesicupho. Ezinye zicashile ukwedlula ezinye, kepha zonke ziguqukele ekubambeni izinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, singahlukanisa izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezicupho:
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- Isithombe - Wikimedia / Jan Wieneke
- Okwenziwe ngeshubhu: lokhu kunjalo ngeSarracenia ngokwesibonelo, noma ngeHeliamphora. Angamaqabunga aguquliwe amise okwebhayiphu, agcwele uketshezi (amanzi). Izinambuzane zikhangwa umpe ofihliwe yizimila, kodwa uma zinganakile ziyashelela, ziwele ngaphakathi lapho ziminza khona.
- Ijeke ibunjiwe: kuyefana nokwedlule, kepha imvamisa banengxenye esingayichaza ngokuthi 'isigqoko'. Kungumgibe ojwayelekile waseNepenthes, isitshalo ukuthi ngaphezu kokukhiqiza izingibe ezinjengalesi sinamaqabunga ajwayelekile, anamandla okwenza i-photosynthesis.
- Umchamo: kuyinto enamathelayo uSundew noPinguicula abanayo engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga abo. Luhlobo lwe "glue" olusebenza kakhulu ekulweni nezinambuzane ezincane, njengomiyane noma izimpukane ezincane.
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- Isithombe - Wikimedia / Stefan.lefnaer
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- Isithombe - Wikimedia / MFdeS
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- Izicupho ngokuvula / ukuvala okuzenzakalelayo: kunjalo nge-Utricularia. Zikhiqiza izingibe ezinesimo sesinye esincane, esinembobo emunca noma yiziphi izinambuzane ezincane noma izilwane ezidlulayo. Lapho eseyigayile, uyayivula futhi.
- Ubunjwe njengomlomo: lokhu kujwayelekile eDionaea. Okhayini ngalunye lwayo banezimpintshi noma amazinyo, futhi nangaphakathi kwesicupho ngasinye sinezinwele ezintathu ezizwelayo ekuthinteni ohlangothini ngalunye. Lapho isinambuzane sithinta okungenani ezimbili cishe ngasikhathi sinye, noma esifanayo kabili kulandelana ngemizuzwana engaphansi kwamashumi amabili, isicupho siyavaleka.
- Inhlanganisela eziningana: kwesinye isikhathi sithola izidla inyama ezinezinhlobo ezimbili zezicupho. Isibonelo, i- ISundew glanduligera inamaqabunga anomhlwenga, okufana nohlobo lwayo, kepha lezi zingibe nazo zinamazinyo.
Ziphila isikhathi esingakanani izitshalo ezidla inyama?
Kuya, kepha ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20. Kunoma yikuphi, kuningi okuthuthukisa izimpande ze-rhizomatous, lapho kuvela khona amahlumela amasha. Isibonelo, okuqala njengesibonelo seSarracenia ngesicupho esisodwa, ngemuva kweminyaka emibili noma emithathu kuzoba isitshalo ongahlukanisa, ngokunembile sibonga i-rhizome enayo, engiholela ku ...:
Izitshalo ezidla inyama zizalana kanjani?
Izitshalo eziningi ezidla inyama ziyanda, ngaphezu kwembewu, ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome. Ake sibone ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani ngokuya ngecala:
- Imbewu: izidlo eziningi ezidla inyama zingama-hermaphrodites, njengeDionaea noma iSarracenia, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima kuwe ukuthola imbewu. Kepha lawo aseNepenthes awafani ngokobulili, ngakho-ke uma unawo, inhloso ukubheka ukuthola owesilisa nowesifazane ukuba babathole impova ngesandla, ngosizo lwebhulashi.
Uma sesinayo imbewu, kufanele siyihlwanyele ku-substrate efanelekile. Ingxube ejwayelekile yi-peat moss ngaphandle kokufaka umquba nge-perlite ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, futhi sizowanisela nge-gibberellic acid ukukhuthaza ukuhluma kwawo. Uma udinga eminye imininingwane, chofoza lapha. - Ukuhlukaniswa kweRhizome: Kwenziwa ngokususa isitshalo ebhodweni, ukuhlanza izimpande zaso kahle ngamanzi acolisisiwe ukuze kutholakale i-rhizome kahle, bese kuthi ngesikele sangaphambili esine-magciwane, hlukanisa isitshalo. Yonke into oyishiyile kufanele okungenani ibe nehlumela elilodwa. Bese uyitshale ebhodweni bese uyigcina emthunzini omncane, noma ngabe iyisilwane esidla inyama esifuna ilanga eliqondile, uze ulibone likhula.
Kokubili ukuphindaphindwa ngembewu nangokuhlukaniswa kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe ngenkathi efudumele, njengoba badinga ukushisa ukuze bakwazi ukukhula.
Izinhlobo eziyi-9 noma izinhlobo zezitshalo ezidla inyama
Ungathanda ukwazi amagama ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezidla inyama? Bheka kahle:
I-Cephalotus follicularis
Isithombe - Flickr / Miloslav Dobšík
El I-Cephalotus follicularis iyinhlobo yemvelo yase-Australia, okuyi ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-5 nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-20. ikhiqiza amajeke amaningi aqala abe luhlaza futhi agcine ngokubomvu / nsundu ngombala. Ithanda ilanga eliqondile, kepha iyazwela emakhazeni.
UDionaea muscipula
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Björn S.
Waziwa ngokuthi venus flytrap, esidla inyama esinezicupho ezine »amazinyo 'noma izikhonkwane. Ikhula eNyakatho Melika, futhi ifinyelela phakathi kwamasentimitha ama-3 kuye kwayi-5 ukuphakama. Ngentwasahlobo ikhiqiza izimbali ezimhlophe, eziphuma esiqwini sembali cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ukuphakama. Yize ukwazi ukujwayela isithunzi-sincane, izingibe zayo zinombala ongcono elangeni, yingakho kunconywa ukuthi ukuveze kancane kancane enkosini yezinkanyezi ukuyijwayela. Imelana nesithwathwa esibuthakathaka, kwehle kuye ku--2ºC
ISundew capensis
Isithombe - Flickr / incidencematrix
La ISundew capensis Ivela e-Afrika, ikakhulukazi eKapa. Ingesinye sezihlwanyelwe kakhulu, ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngokushesha nokukwazi kwayo ukubamba izinambuzane ezincane ezindizayo, kufaka phakathi omiyane. Ikhula ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-20 ukuphakama. Kumele ifakwe umthunzi / ibe semthunzini, kepha ngenye indlela kulula ukuyinakekela. Isekela amakhaza abuthakathaka futhi avele ngezikhathi ezithile, aze afike ku--2ºC.
Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele..
I-Drosophyllum lusitanicum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / incidencematrix
El I-Drosophyllum lusitanicumUkuba olunye lwezinhlobo zomdabu zaseSpain (nePortugal) asikwazanga ukuphuthelwa yithuba lokukwazisa ngalo. Siyithola eningizimu nasentshonalanga enkulu yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-40 ukuphakama, futhi aqala amaqabunga afana nalawo esundews, kodwa made futhi acolekile. Kuyisitshalo esinzima esidinga ilanga kodwa futhi ne-substrate enamapayipi amahle kakhulu. Usekela isithwathwa esibuthakathaka.
I-Heliamphora encane
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Dals093838 // I-Heliamphora minor var minor
La I-Heliamphora encane kuvamile eVenezuela. Inezicupho ezimise okommbiza, ziluhlaza, noma zibomvu elangeni futhi kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, futhi icishe ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ubude ngokuningi. Ibucayi impela, ngoba idinga umswakama ophakeme unyaka wonke, ukukhanya okuningi kodwa hhayi okuqondile, nesimo sezulu esihlala sizinzile unyaka wonke, esinama-maximum afinyelela ku-30ºC kanye no-10ºC omncane. Ngeminye imininingwane, sikumema ukuthi ufunde ifayela esinalo ku- I-Heliamphora.
I-Nepenthes alata
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Gery Singer
La I-Nepenthes alata yizinhlobo ezilinywe kakhulu kunazo zonke izinhlobo zohlobo. Ivela ePhilippines, futhi iba namahlamvu aluhlaza amise okwe-lanceolate nezicupho ezibomvu ezimise okwe-vase. Kungaba ngamasentimitha angaba ngu-30 ubude, futhi kuyisitshalo esithakazelisa kakhulu ukuba naso emabhodweni alenga. Imelana kuze kufike ku-5ºC.
IPinguicula vulgaris
Isithombe - Wikimedia / xulescu_g
La IPinguicula vulgaris Yisitshalo esidla inyama esakha i-rosette yamaqabunga aluhlaza angaphezulu angaphezulu anama-mucilage, okunamathela ezinambuzaneni ezincane. Ivela eYurophu, futhi iningi laseNyakatho Melika. Ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-3 ukuphakama, futhi ikhiqiza iziqu zezimbali ezingafika kumasentimitha ayi-16. Izimbali ziyi-lilac. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, iyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa esilinganiselayo.
I-Sarracenia purpurea
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Michal Klajban
La I-Sarracenia purpurea kuyisilwane esidabuka e-United States naseCanada. Yisitshalo esiveza amaqabunga aphenduke izingibe ezinjengesimo sevazi noma ithubhu, ngombala obomvu (lapho ilanga lisinika amahora amaningi, umbala uyoba namandla kakhulu), futhi Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungaba ngamasentimitha angama-30. Izimbali zivela esiqwini eside, cishe amasentimitha angama-20, futhi zibomvu ngokubomvu. Kudinga ilanga eliqondile, nesimo sezulu esipholile esinamakhaza kuze kufike ku -4ºC.
I-Utricularia australis
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Hugues TINGUY
La I-Utricularia australis Yisitshalo esidlayo, sasemanzini esidla inyama esikhula cishe yonke indawo emhlabeni. Iqala iziqu ezinde ezingamasentimitha angu-45, futhi inezimbali eziphuzi ezivela esiqwini segatsha. Ikhula kokubili elangeni eligcwele nangomthunzi omncane, futhi imelana no -5ºC.
Yini ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo esidla inyama?
Manje ake siqhubeke nokunakekela. Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi siqale kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi lokhu ukunakekelwa okuvamile. Zingahluka kancane ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-carnivore nesimo sezulu, ngoba ngokwesibonelo kukhona okunye esingakhula ngaphandle unyaka wonke, kepha okunye kuzodingeka kuvikelwe ebusika.
Indawo
Izitshalo ezimnandi bafuna ukukhanya, ukuze into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukuthi ube nazo ngaphandle, emoyeni ovulekile. Kukhona ezinye, njengeSarracenia noma iDarlingtonia, okuthi, ngaphezu kokukhanya, kudinge ilanga eliqondile; futhi kukhona ezinye ezifana neHeliamphora noma iNepenthes ezimila emthunzini.
Uma kunamakhaza endaweni yakini, kuzofanele uvikele endaweni yokugcina izithombo noma ekhaya labo abanomsuka oshisa kakhulu, njengaseDrosera, ePinguicula, noma eNepenthes.
Umswakama nokunisela
Ukuhlala ezifundeni ezinomswakama, kudinga kakhulu maqondana nomswakama, emhlabathini nasemvelweni. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi banikezwe amanzi amaningi. Okuhamba phambili yimvula emsulwa nehlanzekile, kepha uma wehluleka lokho sizosebenzisa amanzi acolisisiwe. Uma sihlala endaweni lapho imvelo yomile noma yomile kakhulu, kuzofanele sifefe / sishaye nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo-ehlobo.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi sisendaweni enomswakama, noma kungenxa yokuthi lina kaningi, sisesiqhingini noma ngasogwini, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi silifafaze.
Uma sikhuluma ngokunisela, kuzoba kaningi noma kancane ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo esidla inyama. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi iSarracenia singabeka ipuleti ngaphansi bese siyigcina igcwele njalo, abanye abathandi ukuxhumana njalo namanzi.
Ukuthumela okungaphansi
Ingxube ejwayelekile yi-peat moss ngaphandle kokufaka umquba nge-perlite, ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Kepha uma sifuna ukuthi isivuno siphelele, kungcono ukucabangela ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwe-carnivore lunokuxuba kwalo okunconyiwe:
- I-Cephalotus: 60% we-peat blond (iyathengiswa lapha) ngesihlabathi se-quartz esingu-40%.
- UDarlingtonia: i-sphagnum moss, okungcono bukhoma.
- UDionaea: 70% we-peat blond nge-30% perlite.
- ISundew: ditto.
- ENepenthes: i-ditto, noma i-sphagnum moss (ithenge lapha).
- Iphengwini: 70% we-peat blond ne-30% perlite (iyathengiswa lapha).
- I-Sarracenia: ditto.
- I-Utricularia: ditto.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele usebenzise izimbiza zepulasitiki ezinezimbobo kusisekelo sazo ukuze zikhule ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ukufakelwa
Kumele batshalwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu noma emi-3. Kodwa kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi akuzona zonke ezizodinga izinguquko eziningi zebhodlela: ezincane kunazo zonke, njengeDionaea, zizofaka kuphela kathathu, mhlawumbe kane esikhathini sokuphila kwazo.
Ngokufanayo, kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo, ukuze kube lula ngabo ukuqala kabusha ukukhula kwabo.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Isitshalo esidla inyama siqinile impela. Kepha ikakhulukazi ehlobo ingahle ibe nama-mealybugs, futhi ngenkathi yemvula kufanele ubuke iminenke, ikakhulukazi uma sinayo i-pinguiculas, ngoba bayabadla. Zombili izinambuzane zingasuswa ngesandla; owokuqala futhi ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa lapha).
Ngokuqondene nezifo, kunzima ukuthi babe nazo. Labo abangawafuni amanzi amaningi kangako, njengeDionaea noma iNepenthes, bangagcina banezimpande ezibolile, isibonelo uma beniselwa kakhulu.
Izihlahla
Akudingekile, kepha entwasahlobo izingxenye ezomile kufanele zisikwe ukuze isitshalo sikwazi ukuthola ukukhanya okwengeziwe.
Isibindi
Sikhuluma ngezitshalo lokho awavame ukumelana nokubanda noma isithwathwa. Ukugxila kulezi ezilinywa kakhulu, okuyizona ezisekela kahle yiSarracenia neDionaea, kodwa noma kunjalo futhi konke uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kuka -2ºC kuzodingeka ukuzivikela.
Ukulala ubusika bezitshalo ezidla inyama
Isithombe - UFlickr / Aaron Carlson
Lezi zitshalo ezimbili ezidla inyama, kanye neDrosophyllum kanye neDrosera yezulu elipholile (njenge D. angustifolia), kufanele basebenzise okupholile / okubandayo ebusika. Ngakho-ke, uma zikhule ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezindaweni ezishisayo, kufanele zigcinwe efrijini amasonto ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, zizogezwa kahle ngamanzi acolisisiwe, i-rhizome izovikelwa nge-vermiculite noplastiki, futhi izofakwa ku-tupperware -yisembozo-. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazongeniswa kokusebenza, engxenyeni yamasoseji, ubisi, njll.
