Izinhlobo zama-aphid

Ama-aphid angenye yezinambuzane ezivame ukuhlasela izitshalo, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ziyizilokazane ezincane, ezicishe zibe ingxenye yesentimitha ubude, futhi zidla ubisi lwamaqabunga nezimbali, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nasemagatsheni asaluhlaza.

Kodwa nakuba zonke zingabonakala zifana kithi, kuyaziwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-4000 zama-aphid. Atholakala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zomhlaba ezifudumele nezipholile, into ezenza zibe usongo ezitshalweni, ikakhulukazi ezincane kunazo zonke.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-aphid?

Ukukhuluma ngazo zonke izinhlobo zama-aphid kungasinika incwadi, ngakho-ke sizokukhombisa ezivame kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukuzibona uma kwenzeka zithinta izitshalo zakho:

I-aphid kabhontshisi omnyama (Aphis Fabae)

Iwuhlobo lwentwala okukholakala ukuthi idabuka e-Europe nase-Asia, nakuba isivele ngokwemvelo emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba igama layo elivamile liphakamisa, umzimba wayo umnyama, futhi inemilenze emhlophe nemnyama. Kodwa ngaphezu kokuthinta ubhontshisi, singakuthola kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo.

Njengeqiniso elimangalisayo, kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi liyafuduka. Ithimba lezazi zezinambuzane lithole ukuthi inani lalezi zintwala livela eFrance ekuqaleni kwehlobo, nokuthi ekupheleni kwaleyo sizini zithuthela eScotland (unolwazi olwengeziwe. lapha).

I-cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii)

I-cotton aphid iyinambuzane encane etholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika, e-Asia Ephakathi, nasezifundeni ezipholile / ezifudumele zase-Europe. Zinomzimba oyindilinga, ophuzi noma oluhlaza okumnyama ngombala, futhi zingamamilimitha amabili ubude.

Kuyizinambuzane ezivamile ezitshalweni ze-horticultural, ezifana nekhabe, ukhukhamba, ikhabe, ithanga kanye amawolintshi (iwolintshi, ilamula, i-mandarin, njll.). Kodwa futhi kulimaza i-hibiscus futhi, kungaba kanjani ngenye indlela, ukotini.

I-oleander aphid (Aphis nerii)

I-oleander aphid Inombala osawolintshi-ophuzi, futhi ilinganiselwa kumamilimitha amabili. Kucatshangwa ukuthi yavela esifundeni saseMedithera, njengoba ine-oleander njengesitshalo sayo esiyinhloko. Kodwa njengoba lesi kuyisitshalo esithandwa kakhulu ezingadini, inkathazo yethulwe ngephutha kwamanye amazwe.

Ngaphezu kokuthinta i I-oeriander yaseNerium, futhi kubangela umonakalo ku-dipladenia, i-plumeria, i-vincas; futhi ngezinye izikhathi itholakala ku-citrus, euphorbia, campanulas, kanye ne-asteraceae.

I-aphid ye-apula (Aphispomi)

Este I-aphid eluhlaza enomzimba omise okwepheya. Idabuka eYurophu, kodwa yethulwe nakwamanye amazwe, anjengeNyakatho Melika, iNtshonalanga Asia, iNdiya, iPakistan kanye ne-Israel.

Isitshalo saso esiyintandokazi isihlahla sama-apula, kodwa futhi silimaza isihlahla samapheya, Imedlar yaseYurophu, i-quince, i-rose bush, i-spiraea, ne-hawthorn.

I-aphid ye-citrus eluhlaza (Aphis spiraecola)

I-aphid ye-citrus eluhlaza Yisinambuzane esinomzimba oyindilinga, oluhlaza onemilenze emnyama.. Njengamanye ama-aphid, ingadlulisela amagciwane ahlukahlukene, okukhathaza kakhulu igciwane le-citrus sadness, elingabulala izitshalo ezithintekile.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zihlahla zezithelo, iphinde idle izihlahla zama-rose, i-peach, i-pear, i-alimondi, i-medlar, ibhilikosi, nezinye. I-Rosaceae, kanye ne-asteraceae kanye ne-Umbelliferae.

Iklabishi aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae)

Iwuhlobo lwe-aphid oludabuka e-Europe, lapho isuke yethulwa khona nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba. Inomzimba ompunga-oluhlaza ombozwe uketshezi olunamakha., okwenza ibukeke impunga-mhlophe.

Nakuba iphindaphindeka ngokushesha, idla kuphela izitshalo zomndeni wakwaBrassicaceae, okungukuthi, iklabishi, ukholifulawa, i-broccoli, isithombo, phakathi kokunye.

I-aphid ye-apula ebomvu (Dysaphis plantaginea)

I-ashy aphid yesihlahla sama-apula ivela eYurophu, kodwa namuhla kungenzeka ukuyibona cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngaphandle kwase-Australia. Ilinganiselwa ku-2-2,6 millimeters, futhi inomzimba opinki kuya kokumnyama okuluhlaza ngokumpunga ombozwe ingcina eyimpuphu.

Sebenzisa i- umuthi we-apula njengesitshalo esiyinhloko esisingathayo, nakuba sibonwa nakulezo zohlobo lwe-Plantago.

I-aphid ye-mealy (Hyalopterus pruni)

Lolu uhlobo lwe-aphid olutholakala eYurophu inomzimba oluhlaza okuphaphathekile noma onsundu ohuqwe ngempushana enamakhithi emhlophe. Ilinganisa cishe amamilimitha angu-2-3, futhi iphindaphinda ngokusheshisa okungavamile.

Kulimaza zonke izitshalo zohlobo Prunus, ikakhulukazi iplamu, okuyisitshalo sayo esiyinhloko.

Zidala muphi umonakalo?

Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningi zezintwala, zonke zidala umonakalo ofanayo futhi zilwiwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngaphambi kokudlulela ekwelashweni okufanele sikusebenzise ezitshalweni ezithintekile, ake sibone ukuthi yimuphi umonakalo abawudalayo:

• Izimbali azivuleki zigcine ngokuwa.
• Amaqabunga anezindawo eziguqukile (kwezinye izimo aphenduka abebomvu) ezindaweni lapho kunezinambuzane.
• Ukuwa kweLeaf.
• Ukubukeka kwezintuthwane kanye / noma isikhunta esinesibindi, njengomphumela we-honeydew ekhishwa ama-aphid.

Ulwa kanjani nama-aphid?

Kungenziwa ngokwelashwa kwemvelo kanye namakhemikhali. Uma inkathazo ingandile kakhulu futhi / noma isitshalo sincane, sincoma ukusetshenziswa komhlaba we-diatomaceous., okuyisibulala-zinambuzane esingokwemvelo nesisebenza kahle kakhulu. Kuvidiyo sichaza ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani. Futhi, uma kungenzeka, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukukhulisa ama-ladybugs, ngoba adla lezi zinambuzane.

Esimeni lapho kukhulu, noma kukhethwa ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali, izinto ezisebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu yi-cypermethrin, i-chlorpyrifos, ne-deltamethrin.. Kodwa yebo, kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye zazo azivunyelwe ezweni lakini noma kuyadingeka ukuthi ube nekhadi lomsebenzisi lemikhiqizo ye-phytosanitary, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uzazise endaweni yezitshalo endaweni yangakini ngaphambi kokuthola umkhiqizo.

Ubuzazi lezi zinhlobo zezintwala?