Ama-colocasias (uhlobo IColocasia) izitshalo ezivame kakhulu ezivela ezindaweni ezishisayo nase-tropical zase-Asia, kusukela umndeni I-Araceae. Uhlobo luqukethe izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-25 (eziyi-11 kuphela ezamukelwe namuhla) ezingatshalwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle, futhi phakathi kwazo kukhona amanye amelana nokubanda kakhulu. Zonke zingagcinwa ngaphandle ehlobo, kepha uma sihlala endaweni enamakhaza amabi kakhulu, kuzofanele sigcine iningi lazo ekhaya lapho kufika ubusika.
Yizitshalo ezingeke zashoda ku- ingadi eshisayo esimweni sezulu esineqhwa, futhi kukhona imibala ehlukahlukene. Qhubeka ufunde ukuthola ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwe-collocasia kanye nokuqina okubandayo nokubonakala kwezinhlobo nezinhlobo zazo ezithakazelisa kakhulu.
Ukuvela okujwayelekile kwama-colocasias
Isithombe - Flickr
Zonke zinjalo izitshalo ezinama-rhizomatous herbaceous, anamaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo acishe afane nalawo ama-alocasias, nawo abanika igama elijwayelekile lezindlebe zezindlovu. Imvamisa kuyizitshalo ezincane, akuvamile ukudlula imitha elilodwa ukuphakama. Ngokuvamile ukungabi nesiqu sasemoyeni, yize i-rhizome yayo, ezinhlotsheni eziningi yehliswe yaba i-corm, kwesinye isikhathi ivela ngaphezu komhlaba. Okuvame ukubonakala kuyisiqu empeleni yi-pseudostem eyenziwe ngamasheya amaqabunga. Ngokuphathelene nombala, izinhlobo zasendle zivame ukuba mnyama noma ziluhlaza okotshani, ezinemizwa emakwe kakhulu. Kepha kunezinhlobo zonke zama-cultivars ezinemibala ehlukene esizobona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amaqabunga ngokuvamile ane-petiole engaphezulu noma engaphezulu evundlile kanye nekhaba elinethiphu ekhombe phansi.
Izimbali zijwayelekile ngama-araceae, ane-inflorescence eyakhiwe yi spadix (inyamazane enezimbali ezihleli phansi, insikazi ezansi nesilisa esele) no-a spathe (i-bract enemibala ejwayelekile yalo mndeni, ebonakala iyimbali enkulu). Ama-colocasias ngokuvamile ane-spadix emhlophe ne-spathe ephuzi, evulekile engxenyeni yesilisa futhi ngesisekelo esiluhlaza sakha umgodla ovikela izimbali zesifazane. Ukukhiqiza kabusha basebenzisa imbewu, izitokofela namabhulethi abonakala enamathiselwe ku-rhizome.
Ukunakekelwa kobulili okujwayelekile IColocasia
Zingatshalwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kepha kuhlala kungcono kakhulu ukuba nazo ngaphandle futhi zikwazi ukuba semhlabathini, okungenani ngesikhathi sasehlobo.
- Isendlalelo: Azikho ezintekenteke ngohlobo lwe-substrate, kepha zikhetha ukuthi zivunde futhi zihlale zinomswakama, ezinomsele omuhle. Ezinye izinhlobo zingakhula enhlabathini egcwele amanzi noma enezikhukhula ngqo, kepha ngaphandle kokuthi wazi kahle, kungcono ukubanikeza amanzi afanele.
- Ukunisela: Ngesikhathi sokukhula (phakathi kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla ezindaweni ezibandayo) zidinga amanzi amaningi, zikhetha ukuthi ama-substrates abe nomswakama njalo. Ngenkathi yokulala, kufanele unisele ngokwanele ukuze i-substrate ingomi ngokuphelele. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo eziya ekuphumuleni, ngakho-ke kufanele sazi izitshalo zethu futhi sazi ukuthi zifunani kithi.
- Obhalisile: Kunconywa kakhulu ukufaka umquba ngesikhathi sokukhula. Izilinganiso nesikhathi phakathi kwababhalisile kuzoba lezo ezikhonjiswe ngomkhiqizo ngamunye. Uma izitshalo zethu ziba phuzi kuyinkomba yokuthi zishoda ngomsoco othile, imvamisa kuzoba yi-nitrogen noma i-iron, ngakho-ke ngomanyolo ojwayelekile kanye ne-chelate encane yensimbi kuvame ukuxazululwa.
- Umbukiso: Ngokuya ngesimo sezulu sethu bazobekezelela ilanga eligcwele noma cha, kepha kuyalulekwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuwafaka emthunzini omncane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezomile. Ngaphakathi kuzofanele zinanyathiselwe efasiteleni lapho ilanga lishaya khona ukuze zikhule kahle.
- Amazinga okushisa: Zincike ngokuphelele kohlobo. Cishe akekho noyedwa ozoba nezinkinga ngokushisa uma kusethunzini elincane, kepha ukumelana namazinga abandayo kusuka cishe ku -15 -C we-'Pink china 'ngokungawusekeli ngqo amakhaza agcinwayo. Labo abafika ekuphumuleni bavame ukukwenza lokho ngeqhwa lokuqala noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lapho kuthi uma sihlala endaweni ebanda kakhulu kubo, sikwazi ukudabula ama-rhizomes futhi siwagcine njengama-bulbs. Ezishisayo kakhulu kunconywa ukuthi uzigcine endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma endlini ukuze uchithe ubusika bukhula.
- Izinhlupho nezifo: Ngokuvamile, ziyizitshalo ezinzima kakhulu, kodwa zingahlaselwa iminenke nama-slugs, zibole uma zihlala zimile ngenkathi elele kanye ne-chlorosis ebangelwa ukuswela kokudla.
Amanye ama-collocasias athakazelisayo
Sikhethe amanye ama-colocasias anezici ezihlabayo, kungaba umbala wazo noma ukumelana kwawo. Ngaphambi kokubazi, kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuthi ziyini: lapho igama ngemuva kobulili lifakwe kuzingcaphuno ezizodwa (njenge IColocasia 'I-pink china'), iyi- i-hybrid engavundisi . Uma igama kuzingcaphuno lilandela uhlobo (njenge IColocasia esculeta 'Amakhorali amnyama') yi ukulima, okungukuthi, isifanekiso esikhethiwe salolo hlobo. Sizokhuluma ngokubukeka kwabo nezimpawu ezibenza bahluke.
IColocasia esculenta (taro noma taro)
Inendawo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa yi- ENingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, ngakho-ke kuyizinhlobo eziguquguqukayo, zombili ngokubukeka nokumelana nokubanda. Ukubukeka kwaso kukonke kungokwesitshalo esincane, esingaphansi kuka-90cm ubude, esinamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhanyayo okuncane. Ezimweni ezishisayo zingafinyelela osayizi abakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ungathola izibonelo zasendle ezinama-petioles amnyama kakhulu, acishe abe mnyama, lapho kutholakala khona izinhlobo eziningi zezilimo. Ikhiqiza ama-stolon amaningi, akha amaqembu ezitshalo asondelene kakhulu. Njengezinhlobo, ingaphinde izalane kusuka embewini. Ngokuvamile zizomelana namazinga okushisa asondele -5ºC, ukomisa ingxenye yomoya ngokushesha nje lapho kuneqhwa noma isithwathwa bese uyophumula. Ibekezelela inhlabathi eminyene ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Lolu hlobo ezidliwayo, kepha ngaphandle kokuthi uyihlisele ngqo lokho, angikukhuthazi ukukudla, futhi ngisho nangaphansi kwalabo abathengiswa ezindaweni zokugcina izitshalo njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Isizathu salokhu akuyona kuphela imishanguzo yokubulala izinambuzane engayiphatha, kodwa futhi ingahlanganiswa nenye i-colocasia engadleki futhi ethule ubuthi obuthile.
IColocasia esculenta 'Amakhorali amnyama'
Kubukeka kunokungabaza ngokuthi ngabe kuyinhlanganisela noma yohlobo olulula lwe- IColocasia esculenta. Okucacayo ngukuthi yisitshalo esimangalisayo, nayo yonke ingxenye yomoya onsomi, cishe omnyama. Ukukhula kwayo kuyefana nalokho kwe IColocasia esculenta, kuhluka umbala kuphela. Inkinga yayo enkulu ukuthi ivela kubantu abeshisayo futhi yatholwa eHawaii, ngakho-ke ukumelana kwayo namakhaza kuphansi kakhulu. Ezindaweni ezinesithwathwa, kunconywa ukuthi kulondolozwe endaweni yokugcina izulu lapho kufika isimo sezulu esibandayo hhayi ukuyinisela kuze kuphakame amazinga okushisa futhi. Ingaphinde izalwe ngamastolo, ngoba yize ikhiqiza imbewu, lokho okuhlumayo ngeke kufane nesitshalo sikamama ngakho-ke ngeke kulunge ukusibiza ngokuthi 'yi-Black coral'. Ihlukile kwamanye ama-colocasias amnyama, njenge IColocasia esculenta 'Umlingo omnyama' wokukhanya kakhulu.
IColocasia gigantea (I-taro yaseNdiya noma enkulu)
Isithombe - I-Bambooland
Kwesinye isikhathi kubhekwa njengobulili obuhlukile, I-Leucocasia, iqanjwe ngezindawo zayo ezimhlophe. Kubukeka sengathi namuhla igama elamukelekayo ngu I-Leucocasia gigantea, ngoba kusondele I-Alocasia ukuthi IColocasia. Ikhula ibe ngaphezu kuka-2m ubude, inamaqabunga ame mpo kunamanye ama-colocasias. Ikhasi leqabunga liyindilinga kakhulu futhi lilandela isiqondiso se-petiole esikhundleni sokugoba ngethiphu likhombe phansi. Ama-inflorescence avela ngamaqembu futhi ane-spathe emhlophe esindayo ezungeze i-spadix, njengase-alocasias. Azikhiqizi ama-stolon, kepha zikhiqiza isibani esithile. Noma kunjalo, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzikhiqiza ngembewu. Kubukeka sengathi ixhasa kuze kufike ku- -5ºC, kepha inikezwa kakhulu ukubola lapho ikwi-torpor.
Kukhona isilimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'yiThailand giant' esifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu, sinamaqabunga amaqabunga angaba ngu-2m ubude nangaphezulu kuka-1m ububanzi. Lesi silimo singalanda amanani amakhulu futhi sifunwa kakhulu ngabaqoqi.
IColocasia 'I-pink china'
Isithombe - Pinterest
I-collocasia imelana kakhulu nokubanda, esetshenziswa kabanzi ezingadini zamanzi ezishisayo njengezembozo zomhlaba. Akukacaci noma ngabe kuyingxubevange noma i-cultivar ye- I-Alocasia esculenta. Yisitshalo esincane esingajwayele ukudlula u-1m ukuphakama, ngokuvamile esingaphansi kwengxenye yemitha. Ezimweni ezineqhwa ayijwayele ukuqhakaza, kepha ikhiqiza izitokofela eziningi okulula ukuzala ngazo. Inamakhasi amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani nama-petioles abomvana. Imelana namazinga okushisa ngezansi -15ºC inqobo nje uma i-substrate igcinwa yomile ngokuqhathaniswa. Ingasinda emazingeni okushisa aphansi uma umhlabathi umbozwe ungqimba oluhle lotshani.
IColocasia esculenta 'Udaka olumhlophe'
Enye imbewu etholwe eHawaii ngakho-ke kuncane kakhulu ukumelana namakhaza. Ingenye yama-colocasias amibalabala kakhulu, anama-petioles ansomi namakhasi ayindilinga kakhulu, anemiphetho yama-wavy. Lamakhasi aluhlaza okotshani, nemithambo ibhalwe okumhlophe, ikakhulukazi eyinhloko, nayo enendawo ebomvu lapho kuhlangana khona i-petiole. Usayizi nohlobo lokukhula lujwayelekile kweColocasia esculenta.
Ucabangani ngezinhlobo zalolu hlobo? Banikeza umoya ofudumele ofanayo nowase-alocasias kodwa basebenza kangcono kakhulu ezindaweni ezinesithwathwa. Ngikumema ukuthi uzame ukutshala noma yisiphi salezi zitshalo njalo ngaphandle, zingakunika umphumela omuhle kakhulu.