Wake wawabona amadokhumentari ngezilwane zase-Afrika? Ngaleso sizathu, ngokuqinisekile ube nethuba lokubona ukuthi i-savannah ishintsha kanjani unyaka wonke: iba isifunda esomile kakhulu, esimbozwe izitshalo ezinamafutha amancane.. Kuye ngendawo, kukhona ngisho nezihlahla, zimbalwa uma siziqhathanisa nalezo ezitholakala ehlathini noma ehlathini, kodwa ezaziswa kakhulu izilwane zomdabu, njengoba zizisebenzisela ukudla nokuzivikela elangeni.
Kodwa kulesi sihloko ake sikhulume ngezimila ze-savannah, okungukuthi, ezitshalweni ezikwazile ukuzivumelanisa nendawo okungezona zonke ezazingakwazi.
Siyitholaphi i-savannah?
Isithombe - Terpsichores // Imephu yama-savannah ashisayo nangaphansi.
I-savannah yase-Afrika iyona eyaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke. Ithatha ingxenye enkulu yezwekazi, ukusuka eningizimu yogwadule iSahara ukuya eNingizimu Afrika. Kodwa lena akuyona ukuphela kwendawo lapho kukhona ama-savannah:
Uma siwela ichibi, siye emazweni aseMelika, siyakubona lokho kukhona ama-savannah ogwini lwePacific kanye naseLlanos yaseColombia-Venezuelan; Ngakolunye uhlangothi lomhlaba, e-Australia, yonke inyakatho yezwekazi ibhekwa njenge-savannah. Ngisho nase-Asia, enyakatho yeNdiya, kukhona futhi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamashidi ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezine: i-intertropical, epholile, iMedithera nezintaba. Izici zayo yilezi ezilandelayo:
- i-intertropical savanna: Isimo sezulu siyindawo eshisayo noma eshisayo, amazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-12 no-30ºC. Izimvula zingezinkathi ezithile zonyaka; isikhathi esisele isomiso siyinkinga enkulu kakhulu, kangangokuthi izilwane ezihlukahlukene kufanele zithuthele ezindaweni lapho zicabanga ukuthi zizothola khona amanzi, njengezindlovu njengesibonelo.
- i-savannah epholile: njengoba amazinga okushisa ebanda futhi linetha kancane, inhlabathi iqukethe imisoco eyengeziwe. Kodwa yebo, isomiso singase sibe sibi kakhulu, kodwa asihlali isikhathi eside njengama-savannah asezindaweni ezishisayo.
- i-savannah yase-mediterranean: ingatholakala kuwo wonke umhlaba lapho isimo sezulu sifana kakhulu neMedithera (okungukuthi: kushisa kakhulu futhi komile ehlobo, futhi kungabi mnandi ebusika, kanye nemvula encane). Ngakho-ke, iyindawo ewugwadule, lapho izitshalo zimila khona emhlabathini ezinomsoco ezimbalwa.
- i-savannah yezintaba: Yaziwa nangokuthi i-alpine noma i-subalpine savannah, njengoba ikulezo zifunda lapho zitholakala khona kakhulu. Izimvula ziningi kakhulu, ngakho-ke impilo iyanda kulezi zindawo.
Yiziphi izimila esizithola e-savannah?
izitshalo ze-savannah kungaba amakhambi, izihlahlana, izihlahla ngisho nama-succulents. Ngokuya ngokuthi ukuphi emhlabeni, uzothola imvula eningi noma encane, yingakho kungekho ama-savannah amabili afanayo.
Ngakho-ke, ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezinye:
I-Acacia tortilis
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Haplochromis
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zomtholo ezihlala kuma-savannah, kodwa enye eyaziwa kakhulu ingase ibe I-Acacia tortilis. Kuyinto evamile esiboniswa yi-Google uma sibheka izithombe ze-savannah yase-Afrika. Kuyisihlahla esakha inkomishi ngesimo se-parasol, engafinyelela ububanzi obungamamitha angu-5-6.
Ifinyelela kubude obusondele kumamitha ayi-14, okungukuthi uma izindlovu ziwushiya. Futhi ukuthi lezi yizilwane ezijabulela ukudla amaqabunga omtholo. Kuma-documentary, bangabonakala begawula izihlahla ukuze bafinyelele amaqabunga abebengeke bakwazi ukuwadla.
I-Baobab (Adansonia)
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Bernard Gagnon
El baobab yisihlahla esikhula kancane esimila isiqu esiminyene kakhulu, kangangokuthi kuye kwatholakala izifanekiso lapho kuye kwadingeka abantu abambalwa ukuze bamukele.
Imila e-Afrika, e-Madagascar nase-Australia, futhi ibonakala ngokuba namahlamvu awela ngenkathi eyomile, futhi ihlume nezimvula.. Ingafinyelela kumamitha angama-30 ukuphakama, futhi ithuthukisa umqhele onegatsha kancane.
Izifo ze-Euphorbia
Isithombe - Wikimedia / JMK
La Izifo ze-Euphorbia isihlahla esimnandi noma isihlahlana abaningi bethu abavame ukuba nabo eqoqweni lethu noma engadini. Kuyisitshalo esidabuka e-Afrika esifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-15. Umqhele wayo unamagatsha kakhulu uma uvuthwa, futhi uminyene kakhulu.
Ikhula ngesilinganiso esihle, nakuba njengazo zonke izitshalo ze-savannah, ithanda ukushisa. Uma kubanda, imisebenzi yabo iyancipha.
Hyphaene thebaica
Isithombe - Imikhuba yeFlickr / Malcolm
Zimbalwa izintende ezihlala emahlathini, futhi zimbalwa kakhulu lelo gatsha, kodwa Hyphaene thebaica uthole endaweni enhle yokuhlala e-savannah yase-Afrika. Ifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-10-15, futhi inamaqabunga amise okwefeni.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo zayo ziyadliwa; eqinisweni, abaseGibhithe lasendulo abazange bangabaze ukuyisa ngisho abambalwa ethuneni.
Ukuhluma kwayo kulula futhi kuyashesha, inqobo nje uma imbewu iseqophelweni eliphezulu, kodwa ayimelani nesithwathwa, ngakho uma ukwazi ukuba nayo, kuzodingeka uyivikele endlini uma kubanda.
I-Prosopis affinis
Isithombe – Flickr/Valerio Pillar
Ibizwa nangokuthi i-carob, Isihlahla esinameva esidabuka eNingizimu Melika esifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-10. Amagatsha awo omqhele kakhulu, futhi inamaqabunga ama-bipinnate, amancane, aluhlaza.
Ikhula ngokushesha, futhi iyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso ngaphandle kwenkinga.