Junco

Abin da muka sani kamar yadda kara Wasu tsirrai ne wadanda suke da matukar mahimmanci ga dan adam, tunda akwai jinsuna da yawa wadanda suke da wasu amfani, kamar su kwandunan kwando, ko kuma rufin daki.

Hakanan suna da kyau kamar lambun ko tsire-tsireKodayake gaskiya ne cewa ba kasafai suke samar da furanni masu kyalli ba, masu tushe da ganyayyaki suna da kyakyawar ladabi.

Asali da halaye na ciyayi

Reeds shuke-shuke ne masu rhizomatous wanda muke samu a yankuna masu yanayi da dumi na duniya, koyaushe a kusa da hanyoyin ruwa ko kuma a yankunan danshi. Tushen su a tsaye suke ko hawa, a matse, kuma galibi suna da siraran ganye, koren ganye. An haɗu da furannin a cikin inflorescences da ake kira spikes, waxanda suke da yawa ko largeasa babba dangane da halittar tsirrai da nau'ikan da kowane samfurin yake.

Su ne, ƙari, monocots. Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin da yake tsiro da tsiron cotyledon guda ɗaya, wanda kuma ake kira da dadadden ganye, kuma yana samar da tsarin tushen sama-sama, wanda ya samo asali daga asalin da suka tsiro daga wannan batun.

Babban nau'ikan

Mafi yawan lokuta sune:

Cyperus

Cyperus tsire-tsire ne na asali daga ko'ina cikin duniya, kodayake waɗanda suke daga Afirka, Asiya da Turai an fi kasuwancin su da yawa don lambun kwalliya a Spain. Zasu iya kaiwa tsayi har zuwa mita 5, kuma tushensa madauwari ne ko triangular ya danganta da nau'in. Suna fure a lokacin bazara.

Dogaro da nau'in, suna da amfani iri-iri. Misali, ana amfani da papyrus a zamanin fir'auna wajen yin takarda (papyrus) kuma tiger kwayoyi suna da tubers masu ci.

Daga cikin sanannun nau'ikan da muke da su Cypress zagaye, Paperrus na Cyperus, Cypress madadin ganye, Cyperus yana da kyau, Cyperus dogon, Cyperus capitatus y Cyperus eragrostis.

Juncus

Su ne, da za a iya magana, su ne hakikanin gaskiya. Ana samun su a cikin Tekun Bahar Rum sama da duka, har ma a Amurka da Afirka. Suna girma zuwa kusan 90 santimita, kuma suna da elongated, madaidaiciya da sassauƙa ganye. Suna fure a cikin bazara-bazara.

Suna da amfani da yawa: ana amfani dasu a cikin kwandon, don yin rufi da ƙananan shinge a cikin lambuna.

Mafi sanannun nau'ikan sune juncus maritimus, da Hancin Juncus, da Juncus yayi magana, da juncus buphonius da kuma Juncus articultus.

Girgizai

Phragmites, waɗanda aka fi sani da reeds, ƙwararrun masarufi ne tare da rarrabuwa ta duniya. Suna girma zuwa kusan mita 1, tare da mai tushe wanda tsawon ganye ya toho. An tattara furanninta a cikin inflorescences waɗanda suke tsiro a lokacin bazara-bazara.

Ana amfani da su a hanyar gargajiya don ɗakunan rufin.

Daga cikin manyan jinsunan da muke dasu Phragmites australis kuma zuwa Phragmites kwaminisanci.

scirpus

Scirpus, wanda aka fi sani da cattails, shuke-shuke ne na shekara-shekara ko ɗan shekara wanda yake asalin duniya. Sun kai tsayin santimita 20 zuwa 90. Ganyayyaki suna tare ko ba tare da ruwa ba, koren launi, kuma furannin suna bayyana a lokacin bazara.

Ana amfani dasu musamman don hana da / ko yaƙi da zaizayar ƙasa, da kuma shuke-shuke masu magani.

Daga cikin sanannun nau'ikan da muke da su Scirpus holochoenus, Scirpus maritimus kuma zuwa Scirpus lacusstris.

spaganium

Bishiyar asparagus ganye ne na yau da kullun tare da tushe na rhizomatous wanda ke haɓaka sauƙi, madaidaiciya da elongated koren ganye. Suna girma zuwa tsayin mita 1-2, kuma ana samun su a cikin yankuna masu sanyin kai na arewacin arewacin duniya.

Ana amfani dasu azaman tsire-tsire masu ado, kuma don hana yashwa.

Babban jinsin sune Tsarin Sparganium y Tsarin Sparganium.

Tifa

Typha, wanda ake kira cattails, gladios, cattails, eneas ko cattails, shuke-shuke ne na yankuna masu yanayin arewacin arewacin. Sun kai tsayi tsakanin mita 1 zuwa 3, tare da kakkarfan tushe wanda daga shi ne ya daddafa, ya daidaita kuma ya daddale ganye. An haɗu da furanni a cikin manya-manyan inflorescences lokacin bazara.

Ana amfani dasu don hana yashwa, da tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa a tafkunan ko cikin tukwane.

Babban jinsin wannan jinsin shine Ciwon angustifolia, Samun kafa y Tace dagafolia.

Curiosities na reed

Kamar yadda muka gani, akwai shuke-shuke da yawa da aka sani da rush. Gaskiyar ita ce sunan da muke ba halittun shuke-shuke suna da kyau ƙwarai, amma lokacin da kake son neman bayani game da takamaiman abu, ya fi kyau ka san sunan kimiyya, saboda wannan, ba kamar na kowa ba, na duniya ne, sabili da haka kamar yadda ya dace a Spain fiye da Asiya misali.

Amma idan muka kasance tare da na kowa, kuma muka yi la'akari da yawan nau'ikan da ke reeds, akwai abubuwa da yawa da muke son gayyatarku ku sani:

Yi aiki azaman matsayi

Nau'in Paperrus na Cyperus An yi amfani da shi sosai, a Misira don yin takarda. An rubuta kowane irin rubutun hannu, haruffa, jerin, ... komai. A yau ya shahara sosai a matsayin tsire-tsire.

Suna hanawa da yaƙar yashewa

Kodayake suna da ganye, suna da ƙarfi kuma suna da yawa, saboda haka suna da tasiri sosai idan ya zo ga hanawa da / ko yaƙi da zaizayar ƙasa. Hanya mai kyau don amfani da su ita ce, misali, dasa jerin ciyayi waɗanda ke kan iyakar lambun Ko kuma, idan ba kwa son komai, kawai yankin da ya fi rauni.

Wasu na magani

Rhizomes na wasu reeds, kamar su Cyperus yana da kyau ko Scirpus, suna magani. Ana tattara su a cikin kaka-hunturu, da bushewa a rana kafin amfani.

Me kuke tunani game da waɗannan tsire-tsire?