I-Dryopteris

Iifeni zezinye zezityalo ebezisetyenziswa kwaye zisetyenziswa namhlanje ukuhombisa amakhaya kunye neegadi, kwaye kuzo zonke ezikhoyo namhlanje, I-Dryopteris Bezinye zezona zinombulelo, kwaye zixabisekile.

Kuba akuyomfuneko ukuba isityalo sibe nesiqu okanye iintyatyambo, nkqu namagqabi ambala, ukuhombisa naliphi na ikona, Olu hlobo lweefern luyinto emangalisayo. Kwaye ukuba awundikholelwa, jonga imifanekiso ngelixa ufunda konke malunga nokugcinwa kwayo.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zeDryopteris

Luhlobo olwenziwe malunga ne-250 yeentlobo ze-rhizomatous ferns ezivela e-Asiya, ngakumbi ukusuka empuma yelizwekazi. Banesifinyezo esifutshane, esomeleleyo esirhubuluzayo esenza isithsaba apho i-fasciculate, i-pinnate fronds (amagqabi) ihluma., kunye ne-pinnae e-glabrous okanye ye-glandular, ihlala iluhlaza ngombala. I-sori zihlala zibonakala, kwaye ii-spores ziyi-ellipsoidal.

Kwindawo yokuhlala, kwaye nokuba unezinto ezininzi egadini, kuqhelekile kubo ukuba bahlaziyeke. Ngapha koko, uninzi lweentlobo zeDryopteris zenze ngale ndlela, ngohlanganiso.

Iintlobo eziphambili

Ezona zaziwa kakhulu zezi:

I-Dryopteris aemula

Yifern yomthonyama kunxweme lweAtlantiki yeNtshona Yurophu eyaziwa ngokuba yifern enephunga elimnandi. Ikhula ngamagqabi amathathu anamaqhina (amagqabi), anekona engunxantathu okanye imilo engunxantathu-lanceolate, ngombala omthubi oluhlaza ocacileyo nobude be Iisentimitha ezili-15 ukuya kuma-60.

Inxalenye yokuphulukana namagqabi ebusika, iyenza ibe luhlaza rhoqo.

I-Dryopteris affinis

Luhlobo lwendalo olusentshona nakumazantsi eYurophu, kunye nasentshona yeAsia, eyaziwa ngokuba yifern false fern. Iphuhlisa amaqatha e-bipinnate phakathi kwe-35 kunye ne-130 yeesentimitha ubude, Umbala oluhlaza.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

I-fern yamadoda (iDryopteris affinis)

I-Dryopteris dilatata

Yifern yomthonyama eYurophu, eTurkey, eCaucasus nasemantla eIran, ethi ikhule ibe ngamaqhina amathathu anombala ongunxantathu-lanceolate, ngombala oluhlaza ocacileyo. phakathi kwe-10 ne-150 cm ubude.

I-Dryopteris filix-mas

Luhlobo lwendalo eYurophu, eAsia nakuMntla Melika eyaziwa njengeyifern eyindoda okanye identabron. Iphuhlisa amaqhekeza e-pinnate ukuya kwi-150 yeesentimitha ubude, Umbala oluhlaza.

I-Dryopteris guanchica

Yifern yomthonyama eYurophu, ethi Ikhula iifreyini ezintathu ukuya kuma kwiisentimitha eziyi-150 ubude, Ubume obunxantathu-lanceolate.

Luluphi unonophelo abaludingayo?

Ukuba ungathanda ukuba ne-Dryopteris ekhayeni lakho, nokuba kusekhaya okanye ngaphandle, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

Ubicación

• phandle: zizityalo ekufuneka zikwimithunzi engathi yimichiza, zikwazi ukuhlala emthunzini (hayi iyonke. Umzekelo, ziya kuhlala ngaphandle kwengxaki phantsi kwemithi, kodwa hayi kwikona apho kungafikeleli ukukhanya khona).
• Ngaphakathi: njengoko zingama-ferns amelana nokubanda kakuhle, zilungele ukukhula emnyango wezindlu, iipatio zangaphakathi, kunye nezinye. Ekuphela kwento ekufuneka uyigcinile engqondweni kukuba mayibe kude kuyilo, kwaye ukufuma okukufutshane kufuneka kuphakame (kufezekiswa ngesicocisi, okanye ngokubeka izikhongozeli ngamanzi zijikeleze iDryopteris).

Umhlaba

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni uza kuyikhulisa phi:

• Jadini: Ngokubanzi, bakhetha imihlaba eneasidi, enomjelo olungileyo.
• Imbiza yeentyatyamboKuyacetyiswa ukuba uyigcwalise nge-substrate yezityalo ezine-asidi ezixutywe ne-30% ye perlite, arlite, okanye into enjalo.

Unkcenkceshelo

Ukumodareyitha ukuya rhoqo, kodwa ngaphandle kokufikelela kugqithiso. Enye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo ekukhuleni kweeferns kukucinga ukuba kuya kufuneka uzinkcenkceshele phantse ngokungathi zizityalo zasemanzini, akunjalo. Kuyinyani ukuba bafuna ukufuma okuphezulu, kodwa ukuba iingcambu zabo zihlangana ngokusisigxina namanzi baya kubola.

Kungenxa yoko, ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba osegadini okanye i-substrate eza kusetyenziswa ukuyikhulisa embizeni iyakwazi ukufunxa kwaye icoca ngokukhawuleza amanzi, kufuneka unkcenkceshele umndilili wamaxesha ama-3 iveki ngexesha lasehlotyeni nangaphantsi konyaka. Sebenzisa amanzi emvula okanye ikalika.

Ukuba unayo embizeni, ungabeka ipleyiti phantsi kwayo ngexesha lasehlotyeni ukuba unayo ngaphandle, kodwa akucebisi ukuba ubeke nantoni na ukuba ngaphakathi, kuba i-substrate ithatha ixesha elide ukoma, kwaye ukuba ipleyiti ihlala inamanzi sizoyibola.

Umbhalisi

Kuyacetyiswa ukuchumisa iDryopteris kunye neemveliso eziphilayo entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Umrhumo weveki ezimbini okanye wenyanga iguano, umgquba okanye umgquba uya kwenza ukuba isityalo sikhule ngamandla nokomelela.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

Ungayityala egadini okanye uyitshintshe entwasahlobo, xa iqabaka lidlulile.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

I-Dryopteris iyanyangeka, kodwa kwindawo ezomileyo nezifudumeleyo kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubona ezinye Indlu yomthi kumagqabi awo, okanye Isigcawu esibomvu. Njengoko zizityalo ezincinci, ezi zinambuzane zisuswe kakuhle ngebrashi egalelwe kwikhemesti ekhuhla utywala.

Kwaye ukuba ugalelwe amanzi, i amakhowa banokubabulala. Ke ukuba ubona ukuba amagqabi ajika amnyama ngokukhawuleza, kwaye / okanye ukuba i-substrate okanye umhlaba uqala ukubonakala uluhlaza, ungathandabuzi ukuyiphatha ngefungicide.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo, kodwa ngokubanzi bayamelana nengqele kunye neqabaka kude kube ukuya kuthi ga -5ºC.

Ucinga ntoni ngeDryopteris?