Iindidi zeentwala

Iintwala sesinye sezona zinambuzane zidla ngokuhlasela izityalo, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Zizifunxi-gazi ezincinci, eziphantse zibe sisiqingatha sesentimitha ubude, kwaye zitya incindi yamagqabi neentyatyambo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zitya namasebe aluhlaza.

Kodwa nangona zonke zinokubonakala zifana kuthi, kuyaziwa ukuba kukho ngaphezu kwe 4000 iindidi zentwala. Zifumaneka phantse kuyo yonke imimandla yehlabathi efudumeleyo nenemozulu epholileyo, nto leyo ezenza zibe sisisongelo kwizityalo, ingakumbi ezo zincinane.

Zeziphi ezona ntlobo zidumileyo zentwala?

Ukuthetha ngazo zonke iintlobo zeentwala kungasinika incwadi, ke ngoko siza kukubonisa ezona zixhaphakileyo ukuze uzichonge xa ​​zinokuchaphazela izityalo zakho:

Imbotyi emnyama (Aphis fabae)

Ludidi lwentwala ekukholeleka ukuba inzalelwane yaseYurophu naseAsiya, nangona sele yaziwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Njengoko igama layo eliqhelekileyo libonisa, umzimba wayo umnyama, kwaye inemilenze emhlophe namnyama. Kodwa ngaphezu kokuchaphazela iimbotyi, sinokuyifumana kwezinye iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo.

Njengenyaniso enomdla, kufuneka kuthiwe iyafuduka. Iqela leentomologists lafumanisa ukuba inani lezi zinambuzane zivela eFransi ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kwaye ekupheleni kwelo xesha lonyaka zifudukela eSkotlani (unolwazi oluthe kratya). apha).

Intwala yomqhaphu (Aphis gossypii)

Intwala yomqhaphu sisinambuzane esincinci esifumaneka ngakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu zaseMelika, kuMbindi weAsia, nakwimimandla epholileyo / eshushu yaseYurophu. Zinomzimba ongqukuva, omthubi okanye oluhlaza bumnyama ngombala, kwaye zimalunga neemilimitha ezi-2 ubude.

Sisitshabalalisi esixhaphakileyo kwizityalo zehorticultural, ezifana nevatala, cucumber, melon, ithanga kunye ne citrus (i-orange, i-lemon, i-mandarin, njl.). Kodwa kwakhona kuyonakalisa i-hibiscus kwaye, ingaba njani ngenye indlela, ikotoni.

Oleander aphid (Aphis nerii)

I-oleander aphid Inombala o-orenji-tyheli, kwaye ilinganisa malunga neemilimitha ezi-2. Kucingelwa ukuba yaqala kummandla weMeditera, njengoko ineoleander njengesona sityalo sayo sikhoyo. Kodwa ekubeni esi sisityalo esithandwa kakhulu kwiigadi, i-pest iye yaziswa ngengozi kwamanye amazwe.

Ukongeza kokuchaphazela i I-oeriander yaseNerium, Kwakhona kubangela umonakalo kwi-dipladenia, i-plumeria, i-vincas; kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ifumaneka kwiziqhamo zesitrasi, i-euphorbias, i-campanula, kunye ne-asteraceae.

Apple aphid (Aphispomi)

Este Yintwala eluhlaza enomzimba omile okwepere. Ivela eYurophu, kodwa iye yaziswa nakwamanye amazwe, anjengoMntla Merika, eNtshona Asia, eIndiya, ePakistan nakwaSirayeli.

Isityalo sayo esisithandayo ngumthi we-apula, kodwa iyawonakalisa umthi wepere, I-medlar yaseYurophu, iquince, rose bush, spiraea, kunye nehawthorn.

Intwala yesitrasi eluhlaza (Aphis spiraecola)

Intwala yesitrasi eluhlaza Sinambuzane esinomzimba ongqukuva, oluhlaza onemilenze emnyama.. Njengezinye iintwala, inokusasaza iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo, eyona ntsholongwane ikhathazayo yintsholongwane yesitrasi sosizi, enokubulala izityalo ezichaphazelekileyo.

Ukongeza kule mithi yeziqhamo, ikwatya irose bush, peach, pear, almond, medlar, apricot, kunye nezinye. Rosaceae, kunye ne-asteraceae kunye ne-Umbelliferae.

Intwala yekhaphetshu (Brevicoryne brassicae)

Ludidi lwentwala ephuma eYurophu, apho iye yaziswa kwamanye amazwe ehlabathi. Inomzimba ongwevu-luhlaza nogqunywe yincindi ye-waxy., nto leyo eyenza ibonakale ingwevu-mhlophe.

Nangona iphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza, idla kuphela izityalo zentsapho yaseBrassicaceae, oko kukuthi, iklabishi, i-cauliflower, i-broccoli, i-radish, phakathi kwabanye.

Ashy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea)

I-ashen aphid yomthi we-apile inzalelwane yaseYurophu, kodwa namhlanje iyakwazi ukuyibona phantse kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngaphandle kwaseOstreliya. Ilinganisa malunga ne-2-2,6 millimeters, kwaye Unomzimba opinki ukuya kumnyama oblowu-ngwevu ogqunywe ngumgubo.

Sebenzisa i Umthi weapile njengesona sityalo somkhosi, nangona sikwajongwa kwezo ze-Plantago genus.

Plum mealy aphid (Hyalopterus pruni)

Olu luhlobo lwentwala ehlala eYurophu leyo unomzimba oluhlaza oluhlaza okanye omdaka oqatywe ngomgubo omhlophe we-waxy. Ilinganisa malunga ne-2-3 millimeters, kwaye iphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza okungaqhelekanga.

Ilimaza zonke izityalo zohlobo Prunus, ngakumbi iplamu, esona sityalo sayo siphambili.

Zibangela wuphi umonakalo?

Nangona zininzi iintlobo zentwala, zonke zibangela umonakalo ofanayo kwaye ziliwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngaphambi kokuqhubela phambili kunyango ekufuneka silufake kwizityalo ezichaphazelekayo, makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umonakalo abawenza:

• Amathupha entyatyambo awavuleki aze agqibele ngokuwa.
• Amagqabi anamachokoza ajikwe umbala (kwezinye iimeko ajike abebomvu) kwindawo apho kukho intwala.
• Ukuwa kwegqabi.
• Imbonakalo yeembovane kunye / okanye i-fungus enesibindi, ngenxa yesiphumo sobusi obuvezwe ziintwala.

Ulwa njani nentwala?

Ingenziwa ngonyango lwendalo kunye neekhemikhali. Ukuba i-pest ayisasazeki kakhulu kwaye / okanye isityalo sincinci, sincoma ukusetyenziswa komhlaba we-diatomaceous., sisitshabalalisi sendalo nesisebenza kakhulu. Kwividiyo sichaza indlela esetyenziswa ngayo. Kwakhona, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kunomdla kakhulu ukukhulisa i-ladybugs, kuba zondla ezi zinambuzane.

Kwimeko yokuba inkulu, okanye ikhethwa ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali, ezona zinto zisebenzayo zisebenza njengecypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, kunye nedeltamethrin.. Kodwa ewe, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye zazo azivumelekanga kwilizwe lakho okanye ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba ube nekhadi lomsebenzisi weemveliso ze-phytosanitary, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba uzazise kwi-nursery yezityalo kwindawo yakho ngaphambi kokufumana imveliso.

Ubuzazi ezi ntlobo zentwala?