Iindidi zetaxodium

Iirhafu zerhafu luhlobo lwemithi oluhlala lufumaneka kwiindawo ezinemigxobhozo, yiyo loo nto ziyenye yezona zicetyiswayo ekutyalweni kwimihlaba ethambekele kwizikhukula, okanye kwiigadi ezikummandla apho imvula inetha rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, benza kakuhle kwimimandla engafumanga kangako, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba bangawafumani amanzi nangaliphi na ixesha.

Bafikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezinomdla, ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezingama-45. Ndiyabulela koku, ngomnye wale mithi inokuma ngokugqwesileyo ebaleni, kananjalo, yona enokunika umthunzi ongaphezulu. Yintoni egqithisile, Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeTaxodium. Ngaba siyabazi?

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zerhafu

Los Irhafu yerhafu Ziyi-conifers ezizezosapho lweCaperessaceae, kwaye ezizalelwe emazantsi eMntla Melika. Bahlala kwimimandla enamanzi, apho zinokukhulisa iinkuni ngaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-40 ukuphakama ukuya kwi-3 yeemitha ububanzi. Kananjalo, ukuba bakwiindawo ezinamanzi, bavelisa i-pneumatophores, eziziingcambu zomoya ezibanceda baphefumle.

Amagqabi amile okweenaliti, aluhlaza ngombala, kwaye aphakathi kwe-0,5 kunye ne-2 cm ubude.. Baziphatha ngokungathi banqabile ukuba ekwindla nasebusika kuyabanda kwaye iqabaka elibalulekileyo libhalisiwe, kodwa xa imozulu ithande ukuba mbi, zihlala zisengozini; Oko kukuthi, baphulukana nenxalenye yamagqabi agcwele isithsaba sabo. Kukwabalulekile ukutsho ukuba ngexesha lokuwa ezi zinokujika zibe bomvu ngaphambi kokuzimela kwisebe.

Ke zona iintyatyambo azinazo. Kukholelwa ukuba i-Taxodium yaqala ukuvela kwayo ngexesha le-Upper Cretaceous, phakathi kwe-100 kunye ne-66 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, kwaye ngelo xesha kwimimandla enesimo sezulu i-conifers yaqhubeka ikhula, kuba kulapho zazinokungafaniyo izilwanyana (kwaye ke, babambalwa abagqatswa bezingcolisi).

Kodwa into abayenzayo yile ukuvelisa iicones zeglobose eyindoda okanye yabasetyhini ukulinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezi-3 ububanzi. Ezi cones zithatha ixesha elide ukukhula ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ipollination: phakathi kweenyanga ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-9. Nje ukuba benze njalo, izikali zabo zahlula phakathi, kukhulula imbewu.

Njengomdla, xelela loo nto Amathambo e-taxodium afunyenwe eYurophu: enye yazo ivela kwiqabunga lezinto eziphilayo I-taxodium dubium, ngoku engasekhoyo, eyayihlala kwindawo ngoku eyiJamani de kwaba zizigidi ezi-2 zeminyaka eyadlulayo.

Iindidi zetaxodium

Okwangoku, zintathu iintlobo zeTaxodium ezamkelweyo, nangona zikhona izityalo ezijonga ukuba zimbini kuphela, kwaye ezinye zinye kuphela. Kodwa kuba behlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye benobungakanani obahlukeneyo, masibone ukuba ezi ntlobo zintathu:

Ukunyuka kwetaxodium

El Ukunyuka kwetaxodium I-conifer enqabileyo okanye e-evergreen conifer eyaziwa njenge-cypress yomgxobhozo. Ihlala kunxweme lwaseNyakatho Carolina kwaye ifikelela kumazantsi mpuma eLouisiana, ngakumbi kwimigxobhozo nakwimilambo. Ikhula phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-35 yeemitha ubude. Amagqabi ayi-acicular, acekeceke kwaye aphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-10 yeemilimitha ubude. Iicones zayo ziisentimitha eziyi-2,5 ububanzi.

Ihlala ithathwa njengeendidi ezahlukeneyo ze I-taxodium distichum, ukubizwa I-taxodium distichum var imbricatum, kodwa omabini amagqabi kunye neekhowuni zincinci kunale. Kwakhona, uT. Ascendens ukhetha imihlaba engenaxinaniso yontaka *.

* Qaphela: i-silt luhlobo lwentlabathi eqhutywa yimilambo nomoya, kwaye ihlala ityebe kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo. Kukwaziwa nangokuthi ludaka okanye udaka.

I-taxodium distichum

El I-taxodium distichum Yeentlobo ezinqabileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ngumgxobhozo we-cypress okanye i-bald cypress, kwaye ihlala kumazantsi mpuma e-United States. Ukucacisa ngakumbi, kwimigxobhozo, nangona ilungelelaniswe nomhlaba owomileyo. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-40, kwaye avelise indebe yephiramidi okanye etsobhileyo. Amasebe awo athanda ukukhula ngokuthe tye, kwaye amagqabi ayo aneemilimitha ezili-15-20 ubude. Ivelisa iikhowuni ezifikelela kwiisentimitha eziyi-3,5, eyamadoda incinci.

Yaziswa eYurophu malunga ne-1640, kodwa inyani kukuba oluhlobo lwalukhe lwaphila ngaphambili kwilizwekazi elidala malunga neminyaka ezizigidi ezisi-8 eyadlulayo. Ubungqina boku yintsalela yeefosili ezafunyanwa eHungary ngoJulayi 2007 (ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngayo, cofa apha).

I-taxodium mucronatum

El I-taxodium mucronatum (ngoku Kwirhafu huegeliiLuhlobo oluhlala luhlaza okanye oluhlaza oluhlala luhlaza owaziwa ngokuba yi-ahuehuete. Inzalelwa eMexico, nangona inokufumaneka kumazantsi eTexas nakumntla-ntshona weGuatemala yodwa. Ifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezili-40, kwaye amagqabi ayo ayi 1-2 cm ubude. Ngokubhekisele kwiicones, ezi zinemilo embhoxo okanye engqukuva, kwaye zilinganise phakathi kwe-1,5 ukuya kwi-2,5 iisentimitha.

Ngokungafaniyo nezi zimbini zangaphambili, le kuphela kwento ekhula kuphela kwindawo enamanzi. Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezo zomileyo, kodwa iya kuba nophuhliso olungcono ukuba ikummandla apho kukho amanzi amileyo amileyo, okanye apho imvula ininzi khona.

Yiyiphi oyithandayo kakhulu?