+ 20 imithi enqabileyo ngokuqinisekileyo ongayazi

Akukho sitiya siziva sigqibelele ngaphandle kwemithi, nokuba ingumthi weziqhamo, umthunzi, okanye umhombiso nje. Siqhele ukuhlala sibona iintlobo ezifanayo kwaye oko kusenza ukuba singaziqapheli, kodwa kukho zonke iintlobo zemithi enqabileyo ukuba ubukhe wakubona nokuzibalela.

Kule nqaku siza kuthetha malunga nemithi enqabileyo emhlabeni kunye nemithi enomdla oye wayibona kanye kwaye yabamba ingqalelo.

ICitrus medica var. sarcodactylis (Isandla seLemon Buddha)

Ukuqala, into eqhelekileyo, indlela ye- isandla sikaBuddha. Mhlawumbi ukhe wayibona amaxesha amaninzi kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana, kodwa ubuyazi loo nto ziintlobo ngeentlobo zemithi yelamuni yasendle? Ulwabiwo lwantlandlolo alwaziwa kuba belulinywa amawaka eminyaka. Nangona umdla wayo ophambili kuthi uyinto yokuhombisa, ikwatyiwa kwaye eAsia isetyenziselwa amayeza ayo.

UFicus benghalensis (I-Banyan okanye i-Indian Strangler Fig)

Kumazantsi eSpain kuqheleke kakhulu ukuba kulinywe omnye umthi we-banyan, i UFicus elastica, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. UFicus benghalensisKwelinye icala, ihlala ibonwa njengokutyala indlu, nangona inkathalo yayo iphantse yafana. Olu hlobo lolo hlobo lwe-ficus kunye nesizathu sokuba zibizwa ngokuba yimithi yamakhiwane ekrwitshiweyo kukuba zikhethekile kwizilwanyana ezitya iziqhamo zazo kwaye zifaka imbewu kwizithsaba zeminye imithi. Nje ukuba bahlume, zikhula njengezityalo zeepiphytic (kodwa hayi ii-parasites, njengoko uninzi lukholelwa) zide iingcambu zabo zifike emhlabeni, ngelo xesha baqala ukujiya bejikeleza umthi apho bahluma khona, bewukrwitsha. ngokungayiyeki ikhule.

Olunye uhlobo lwayo kukuba njengoko bekhula babeka iingcambu zasemoyeni ezenza iikholamu zenkxaso kanye xa bebethile emhlabeni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu UFicus benghalensis, kwindawo yazo yendalo eIndiya, apho ithathwa njengengcwele, Umzekelo omnye wenza amahlathi. Eminye imithi ye-banyan ikwadume kakhulu, Inkolo yenkolo y UFicus altissima kuba uninzi luyabonakala lukhula kumanxuwa aseAsia.

INuytsia floribunda (Umthi weKrisimesi wase-Australia)

Ngoku siya ku umthi oyinyani, la INuytsia floribunda. Kuqwalaselwa njengesiqhelo kwintshona yeOstreliya, apho kukhula khona iisampulu zodwa. Ukubonakala kwesi sityalo, ukongeza ekubeni sisityalo esiyi-parasitic esinokuqwalaselwa njengomthi, kukuba akufani, Endaweni yokutyala isityalo esinye, sineengcambu ezikhulu ezibamba amakhulu ezityalo. (Ngokuqhelekileyo i-herbaceous, efana nengca) yi-haustoria, yiyo loo nto inokufikelela kubukhulu obukhulu. Kwakhona kunokuthiwa yihemiparasiteOko kukuthi, ithatha kuphela amanzi kunye neetyuwa zembiwa kwimikhosi, kodwa ifotosinthesisi yenziwa yodwa.

IParasitaxus usta (Iparasitic yew)

Ukuqhubeka nezidleleli siza kubona esi sityalo sodwa. IParasitaxus usta yiyo kuphela i-conifer ye-parasitic (Ayibala i-redwoods yesiporho, eziguqukayo kwaye ingezizo iintlobo ezinjalo). Imfusa kwaye ayinayo i-chlorophyll, kuba yiparasite epheleleyo (ifunxa yonke into kumamkeli). Unokwazi ukukhula phantsi kwelinye ilungu losapho (IPodocarpaceae), Iifalcaifolium taxoides. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba ayizidibanisi neengcambu zayo nge-haustoria, kodwa yenza i-mycorrhizae nefungi efanayo nayo i-Falcatifolium e-mycorrhised, ibaphange amanzi kunye nezondlo. Yi ixhaphake kwiNew Caledonia, isiqithi sezityalo ezinqabileyo.

I-Retrophyllum thabatha

Enye indlwana yosapho IPodocarpaceae ukusuka eNew Caledonia. Kule meko, enye yeeconfid zasemanzini ezimbalwa, ngokukhula okucothayo, amagqabi afana nemirtile nesiqu esineebhotile phantse ngaphandle kwamasebe. Njengalo lonke olu sapho, endaweni yokuvelisa iipayina, ivelisa iziqhamo ezinje ngeminquma.

Itaxodium spp. (imithi ye-cypress enemibala)

Awungekhe uthethe malunga nee-conifers zasemanzini ngaphandle kokuchaza uhlobo Irhafu yerhafu, que azinakukhula kuphela ngaphakathi kwamachibi kodwa zikwacacisa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zinee-single-laved, kwaye into abayenzayo ekwindla kukuphosa amasetyana apheleleyo, okwenza ukuba kubonakale ngathi amagqabi awo adityanisiwe. Olu hlobo losapho Indebe Yinzalelwane yalapha eMntla Melika kwaye ineentlobo ezintathu, ezimbini zaseMelika kunye neMexico enye:

• I-taxodium distichum, el umgxobhozo wecypress, Yeyona ilinywa kakhulu ngaphandle kwe Melika, inamahlumela afana neewws kunye nokukhula kwepiramidi. Ingakhula neengcambu zitshone ngokupheleleyo kuba yenza izakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuba pneumatophores ovumela umoya ukuba ufike kubo.
• Ukunyuka kwetaxodium, icypress yamachibi, ithathwa ngababhali abaninzi i-subspecies ye T. distichum. Ubume bayo bufana ncam nobangaphambili, kodwa amagqabi ayo abizwa ngokuba yi-squamiform endaweni yokuphakama kwaye amasetyana akhula eme nkqo.
• I-taxodium mucronatum (o T. huekeli), el ahuehuete, Luhlobo lwaseMexico kwaye nangona lunyamezela umhlaba okhukhulileyo, ukhetha ukungabikho ngqo emanzini kuba ayinayo i-pneumatophores. Olu hlobo lwenza umsebenzi omkhulu ukuthintela amanzi emilanjeni ekuthabatheni i-substrate elunxwemeni. Umzekelo e-Oaxaca uthatha irekhodi lomthi kunye nesiqu esityebileyo emhlabeni.

IAraucaria spp.

Uhlobo lwee-conifers ezinembonakalo yakudala kakhulu, ezine-19 iintlobo, 13 zixhaphake kwiNew Caledonia. Banokukhula okuphawuleka kakhulu kwamasebe amasebe ahlala ecaleni kube kanye kuphela, ke banokukhula okuhleleke kakuhle. Amagqabi aqhotyoshelwe ngokupheleleyo esiqwini kwaye ahlala emfutshane, acabalele kwaye abukhali. Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubona IAraucaria heterophylla, nakwiindawo ezibandayo IAraucaria araucana isetyenziswa kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezinehlobo elipholileyo kulula ukufumana IAraucaria angustifolia y IAraucaria bidwillii. IAraucaria cunninghamiana, uhlobo olufana nesiqhelo Heterophylla kodwa ukumelana nengqele, ngamanye amaxesha kuyathengiswa njengebhonsai. Into enomdla ngayo yonke le nto kukuba akukho nanye kwezi ntlobo ivela eNew Caledonia, indawo yokuzalwa yohlobo. Kungenxa yokuba iintlobo ezikweso siqithi zinobushushu kwaye zithambile kwaye zihlala zingakulungelanga ukulima.

IPodocarpus spp.

Olu hlobo lweeconifers yenye yezona zinto zinomdla, kuba ekubonweni kokuqala kubonakala ngathi ngakumbi kunxulumene nemyrrig okanye ibhokisi yomthi. Zinamaqabunga amakhulu, athambileyo, kunye nento ebonakala ngathi yi-petiole. Iimbewu zayo zinomdla, kuba zihlala ziveliswa, ngombala oqaqambileyo kwindawo ekudibana kuyo isiqu. Oku kubenza babukeke njengomnquma kunye nequnube elixhonywe kwi-toothpick. Ngokukodwa zii-conifers zetropiki, ngohlobo olunye kuphela, IPodocarpus macrophyllus, Iyanyamezela iqabaka kakuhle. Akunzima ukufumana izityalo zolu hlobo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo, kodwa zihlala zithengiswa njengebhonsai.

IDracophyllum spp.

Ekuboneni kokuqala le mithi ibonakala ngathi iphuma kusapho lweBromeliaceae, kodwa akukho nto inokuthi iqhubeke nenyaniso. Nangona nabani na enokuthi ezi monocot, le mithi inqabileyo eneneni bobabo usapho lweheather kunye neeblueberry, UEricaceae. ZikwiNew Zealand, Australia kwaye kunjalo, Caledonia entsha. Ezona ntlobo zinomdla kwaye zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli yiDracophyllum traversii, ekhula ibe ngumthi omkhulu kwaye iyanyamezelana. Inkangeleko yabo yangaphambili yenza ukuba abantu abaninzi babakhangele, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuzifumana nokuzigcina ziphila.

IRichea pandanifolia

Esinye isityalo se usapho uEricaceae ejongeka njenge monocot. Ngapha koko, i-pandanifolia ithetha amagqabi epandanus, i-monocot ye-arborescent enxulumene nemithi yesundu. Kule meko inokukhula ngokuthe nkqo kwaye ngaphandle kwamasebe, okuvelisa umdla ngakumbi phakathi kwabaqokeleli. Yi le ezihlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zaseTasmania, nangona iyanyamezela ingqele, ayibuxhasi ubushushu. Oku kwenza ukuba kube ngumceli mngeni wokwenene.

ICoreopsis gigantea (i-arboreal daisy)

Ngaphezulu komthi, sisihlahlana ngenxa yobungakanani obufumanayo (asihlali sidlula kwi-2m), kodwa inkangeleko yayo yile yomthi omncinci. Into ehlekisayo kukuba yenye yezityalo ezimbalwa ezingezizo ezetropiki zosapho oluphambili losapho I-Asteraceae efumana ubungakanani bearboreal. Ngokufanelekileyo, ngumthi omncinci oneentyatyambo ezizi daisy. Le ngokukodwa owokuzalwa eCalifornia naseBaja California, kwaye inokukhula kancinci kancinci. Oku kwenza ii-daisies zomthi zohlobo sonchus Indawo ehlala kuyo iiCanaries ifunwa ngakumbi ngabaqokeleli, kuba ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngokubanzi, zonke izityalo zearboreal zosapho lweCompositae zinokuthathwa njengemithi enqabileyo.

I-Echinops longisetus - inkunzane yomthi

Olunye uhlobo lwesityalo esiqhelekileyo esidla ngokutya, ngeli xesha umntu waseAfrika, nosapho I-Asteraceae. Ngaba unokuyithelekelela inkunzane ekhula kwilog ephothiweyo? Esi sisityalo, esidibanisa ukudala imithi enqabileyo kakhulu. Nangona ibamba amehlo kakhulu, hayi ngenxa yamagqabi kunye nendlela ekhula ngayo, kodwa nangenxa yeentyatyambo, kunzima ukuyifumana iyathengiswa.

ILeucadendron argenteum (umthi wesilivere)

Kum, omnye wemithi enqabileyo kunye neyona intle emhlabeni, Ubukho kumzantsi afrika. Isini ILeucadendron yeyosapho Zikhuse, Olunye lweentsapho zakudala zedicot. Into enomdla kakhulu ngezi zityalo kukuba zikhona indoda nemithi imithi eyahluke ngokupheleleyo. Amadoda anokukhula ngokudibeneyo ngemibala eqaqambe kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, ezasetyhini zinokukhula okunamandla kunye nemibala eqaqambileyo, kufutshane nohlaza oluqhelekileyo. Umthengisi ogqwesileyo ngu ILeucadendron 'i-safari kwelanga', apho amasebe asikiweyo athengiselwa ukulungiswa kwentyatyambo (kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuyisusa). ILeucadendron argenteum Kwelinye icala, ayikaze ibonwe iyathengiswa kwaye ndiyithatha njengesityalo esinomdla kakhulu ukuba sibe nayo kwiigadi zethu.

Dendrosenecio Kilimanjari (arboreal senecio)

I-Senecios zizityalo ezaziwayo, nokuba kungenxa yeentlobo zayo ezimnandi okanye iintlobo zayo ezityebileyo eziziphatha njengokhula. Oku ngokukodwa kwenziwe umthi omncinci onebranti, inamagqabi amakhulu kakhulu kunye nesiqu esinezinto ezinomdla kakhulu, esinama-dichotomous branching. Awusoze uzibone usegadini ngenxa yeemfuno zakho: Ukuba sisityalo esiphakamileyo sentaba, sifuna amaqondo obushushu angadluliyo kuma-25ºC ngobusuku obubandayo kunye nokufuma okuphezulu.. Ukuba ufumana indawo yokugcina abantwana ethengisa Senecio I-kilimanjaro, eneneni into ayithengisayo inencasa yesayizi encinci, uhlobo lwe Iinyoka zeSenecio ifunyenwe eKilimanjaro, akukho nto yakwenza nalo mthi.

ICussonia paniculata

Umthi onomthi onqindilili kakhulu kunye nexolo losapho eliqhekekileyo IAraliaceae (ivy), kumazantsi eAfrika. Amagqabi asundu kunye nomthi womthi uyinika imbonakalo entle kakhulu eyenza ukuba yongeze kakhulu kwizitiya zasentlango kwindawo ezinemoya enqabileyo, inee-subspecies ezimbini, enye inamagqabi aluhlaza okwesibini kwaye enye inamagqabi aluhlaza ane-lobes enkulu. Xa ikhulile ukusuka kwimbewu, yenza i-caudex eyenza ukuba ibethe ngakumbi. Kunzima ukuyifumana kwii-nursery, kodwa amaphepha amaninzi ewebhu athengisa imbewu. Zonke iintlobo ICussonia Yenziwe yimithi enqabileyo, kodwa olu hlobo lolona lubalulekileyo.

IPseudopanax ferox

Omnye wemithi enqabileyo ye usapho Araliaceae, ngeli xesha Ukusuka e-Australia. Kukhula okungaqhelekanga, ukuqala ngokukhula okuthe nkqo ngombala omdaka, omde, ojiyileyo kunye namagqabi aqine ngokupheleleyo. Emva kweminyaka emalunga nama-20, xa idlula malunga ne-3m ukuphakama iqala isebe kunye ebanzi, ethambileyo, amagqabi angenamijikelezo. Isizathu soku kukuba ilungelelanisiwe ukunqanda ukutyiwa kwangaphambili zii-moas, iintaka ezinkulu ezifana ne-emus esandula ukuphela. Njengomntwana inenkangeleko yesityalo esifileyo esingathandekiyo, kwaye xa idlula ubude obufikelela kuyo i-moas iqala ukuba nokukhula okuqhelekileyo. Oku kongezwe kukumelana nengqele kuyenza ibe yinto efunwa kakhulu ngabaqokeleli emva kwesityalo. Ifumaneka ngokulula, nangona ngamaxabiso aphezulu.

I-Eucalyptus deglupta (Umnyama we-eucalyptus)

I-eucalyptus iyaziwa kwaye ifunwa kakhulu ngombala wesiqu sayo. Yiyo kuphela i-eucalyptus ene-autochthonous kumantla e-hemisphere, kwaye ikhula kwimimandla yehlathi. Oku kuzisa ingxaki ngokuqinisekileyo i-eucalyptus encinci ebandayo. Sekunjalo, kukho into ebambe. Kunika umdla ukuba esi sityalo asithengiswa kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo, kuya kufuneka uthenge imbewu, ethi ngethamsanqa ikhule ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Oku kubangela ukuba abantu bathabathe indawo kwaye bacele amaxabiso agqithisileyo kubo kumaphepha entengiso yesibini-ngesandla. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba Ngokufanelekileyo zonke iifoto ezikwi-Intanethi zesityalo zihleliwe, umahluko ophakanyisiweyo. Imibala yayo iyabetha, kodwa akukho ndawo icace gca njengoko ibonakala kwiifoto ezininzi. Umbala wayo wokwenyani yile ifoto siyibekileyo apha.

UDidierea madagascariensis

Apha sinokubandakanya zonke familia I-Didiereaceae, usapho Indawo yokuhlala eMadagascar isondele kakhulu kwi-cacti, kodwa ngamagqabi kabani akhula endaweni yameva. Olu sapho lwenziwe ngeminye yemithi enqabileyo nenqabileyo ngokubonakala. Olu hlobo lunee-areoles ekupheleni kwamagatsha acocekileyo apho kuvela khona amagqabi afana neenaliti, afana nalawo emithi yepayini. Ezi areola zijikelezwe ziintsiba ezivela kwisiqu. Ukukhula kwakhe kuqhelekile kusapho, amasebe amaninzi atyebileyo aphuma kwisiseko kwaye anyuke iimitha ezininzi phantse ngokungavumeli. Azisoloko zisetyenziswa egadini ngokungafaniyo Inkqubo yeAlluaudia, lolunye uhlobo losapho lwayo oluqheleke kakhulu.

IFouquieria spp. (ii-ocotillos)

Olu hlobo lolusapho I-Fouquieriaceae kubandakanya izityalo ezahlukileyo kakhulu, zonke eziyinzalelwane yemveli Iintlango ezikumazantsi eMntla Merika. Uninzi lwezihluma ezinomsoco, kodwa kubandakanya iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukileyo kwezinye:

I-Fouquieria iyaqaqamba: I-ocotillo, i-caudiciform shrub enamasebe amaninzi amileyo avela kwisiseko. Inamagqabi kuphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kwemvula, unyaka uphela zikhangeleka ngathi zizinti ezomileyo. Ukumelana nengqele kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala kwiigadi zasentlango, kodwa ayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengoko umntu ebenokulindela ukuqaphela ukubonakala kwayo.

IFouquieria columnaris: Ikhandlela, umthi omnandi ukukhula kancinci kancinci. Ifikelela malunga ne-10m, kodwa kunokuthatha iminyaka engama-500 ukufikelela kubude. Yibane ityebile kakhulu kwaye kunqabile ukuba i-branched (okanye i-unbranched) isiqu esiphambili esinamagqabi amaninzi acocekileyo asecaleni ezikhulisa kuphela unyaka ozikhuphela ngaphandle. Emva kwembalela enkulu badla ngokugoba, kuba ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi kufuneka luzaliswe ngamanzi ukuze luhlale luqinile. Kancinci ukumelana nengqele, ayisoloko isetyenziswa egadini ngenxa yokukhula kwayo kancinci.

I-Banksia spp.

Ezi zityalo ze Usapho lweProteaceae zihlala zikhona Ukusuka e-Australia, apho benza khona amahlathi. Kolu didi kukho imithi, amatyholo kunye nezityalo ezirhubuluzayo, ezinamagqabi azo zonke iintlobo, kodwa zihlala zi sclerophyllous (hard). Ukukhonkotha kwabo kuyabavumela ukuba bamelane nomlilo phantse akukho monakalo. Enye into enomdla kakhulu kwezi zityalo ziintyatyambo zazo. Benza uhlobo lwe Iipineapples ezinkulu ezizaliswe ngokupheleleyo ziintyatyambo. Azisetyenziswanga kangako kulimo njengoko umntu unokulindela, kwaye kungenxa yohlobo lweengcambu abanazo, hayi Inkxaso yomhlaba kunye ne-phosphorus okanye uhlaselo lwe IPhytophthora spp. 

IWollemia nobilis

Isithombo se-Australia se familia Iqela leAraucariaceae kwingozi yokuphela. Abaninzi bawuthatha njengomnye wemithi enqabileyo emhlabeni. Inokukhula okudala kakhulu, ngesiqu esime nkqo ngokuthe nkqo apho kuvela khona amasebe amafutshane kunye athe tye ngokupheleleyo angasebenziyo. Iicones zeduna nezabafazi zivela ekupheleni kwala masebe. Kwakusecicini lokuphela, kunye nemizekelo yabantu abangaphantsi kwe-100 yabantu abadala kwindawo encinci kakhulu, kodwa ukusikwa kunye nembewu kwathunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kwizitiya zezityalo kwihlabathi liphela kwaye zisuka kubo isityalo esiqhelekileyo (nangona kubiza kakhulu) kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla. Ufuna i-substrate ene-asidi kakhulu kwaye awunazikhuselo ngokuchasene nephytophthora, ke umhlaba awunakushiywa udada.

Kwaye kunjalo. Ndiyathemba ukuba uyithandile imithi yethu enqabileyo kwaye ufunde okuthile. Uninzi lwezi zinokufumaneka ngokulula, ke ukuba ufuna ukuzama ukukhula ezinye… qhubeka!