Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, esinye seziqhamo ezithandwayo ehlotyeni yimelon. Ezi bhola zikhulu ziswiti ezinamanzi amaninzi zimnandi kakhulu, mhlawumbi zityiwa njengoko zinjalo okanye zidityaniswe nokunye ukutya. Ngoko ke ayimangalisi into yokuba ezi ziqhamo zibe sesinye sezityalo ezithandwa kakhulu ngamaxesha ashushu onyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sazir zeziphi izifo ze-melon ezinokubonakala zibhaqe kwaye zilwe nazo ngexesha.
Ukuba uyasithanda esi siqhamo kwaye ufuna ukuzikhulisa ngokwakho, kuyafaneleka ukuba ujonge eli nqaku. Siza kuthetha ngezifo ze-melon, izinambuzane ezinokuzichaphazela kunye nolunye utshintsho oko kunokunxulunyaniswa nokhathalelo olulambathayo okanye utshintsho kwimo engqongileyo.
Zeziphi izifo enazo imelon?
Masiqale ukuthetha malunga neyona nto inomdla kuthi: izifo ze-melon. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba banokuba nee-causative agents ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala inokuba luhlobo oluthile lomngundo, kwelinye inokuba yintsholongwane echaphazela isityalo. Makhe siqale sibone izifo zokungunda ezihlala zichaphazela izityalo ze-melon:
- Ngumbungu y Umngundo womphunga: Ezi fungi zimbini zidla ngokuchaphazela indawo ephezulu yamagqabi. Ngenxa yoko, kuvela amabala amhlophe okanye atyheli abangela ukuba amagqabi ome. Ukuba ayiphathwa kwangethuba, isityalo sinokuphela sife. Ukulwa nesi sifo sokungunda, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-horsetail slurry, ubisi lokungunda okanye i-nettle slurry. Ukongezelela, sinokufaka ubhedu kunye nesulfure.
- Ingqele i-stem gummy: Umngundo obangela esi sifo ufikelela kwisityalo ngalo naliphi na inxeba elinokuba nalo. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zale pathology yinkangeleko yesilonda esimdaka esikhanyayo kwiziqu, ezigqunywe ngamachaphaza amnyama azizitho zokuzala zefungal, kunye ne-gummy exudations ebonakala kwimiphetho yesilonda esithe, nangona azihlali zikhona. Ukongeza, amachokoza amagqabi aluhlaza adla ngokuvela abe mnyama ngokuhamba kwexesha. Xa kuziwa ekulweni nesi sifo sefungal, sinokusebenzisa unyango nge-sulfate yethusi okanye ukubheja kwi-fungicides yendalo, njenge-nettle purin, i-nasturtium infusion, i-horsetail purin okanye i-fungicide yobisi. Kungcono ukutshiza rhoqo ngeentsuku ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi.
Ngokucacileyo eyona ilungileyo ukuthintela ukubonakala kwefungi. Kodwa sikwenza njani oko? Ezi pathogens zikhula kakuhle kwindawo efudumeleyo, efumileyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu indawo yesityalo ibalulekile. Ukongezelela, ukugqithisa kwamanzi kunokuba yingozi kwisityalo, kungekhona nje ngenxa yefungi, kodwa nangenxa yokubola kweengcambu. Kukwacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba sinikeze umoya olungileyo kwisityalo.
Ngokubhekiselele kwizifo zentsholongwane, sinokuzihlukanisa ngokubonakala kwezilonda ze-chlorotic eziphuzi phakathi kwemithambo-luvo efumaneka emagqabini. Kule meko, imithambo-luvo ngokwayo ibonakala iluhlaza kunesiqhelo de ibole. Ukongeza, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sisinkcenkceshela kangakanani isityalo, ukukhula kwaso kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Kule meko, eyona nto icetyiswayo kukulahla isityalo esichaphazelekayo ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane okanye iwise “imbewu” yayo emhlabeni, nto leyo enokuchaphazela izityalo ezizayo.
Izinambuzane
Ngoku sele sisazi ngezifo zevatala, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba kukho ezinye iintlobo zobomi ezinokuhlasela ezi zityalo, njengezinambuzane kunye nezifunxi-gazi. Makhe sibone ukuba bayintoni na Ezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo kwesi sityalo:
- Isigcawu esibomvu: Isigcawu esibomvu sixhaphake kakhulu ehlotyeni. Kunzima ukubona, kodwa kubangela ukubonakala kwamabala amancinci atyheli emagqabini. Ukongezelela, ishiya uhlobo lwesilika olugqunywe kuzo. Bona ifayile.
- Impukane emhlophe: Njengesigcawu esibomvu, sibonakala xa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Sinokuwabona ngokulula njengamachaphaza amhlophe okanye ngokuchukumisa isityalo size sijonge indlela abhabha ngayo. Xa kukho i-whiteflies enye okanye ezimbini akukho nto eyenzekayo, kodwa xa iba sisibetho iyingozi kakhulu kwisityalo, njengoko ikhupha i-sap kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, isityalo esichaphazelekayo siyagula kwaye sinokufa. Bona ifayile.
- Isilumko: Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintwala zivela phantsi kwamagqabi nakumahlumelo. Ezi critter zincinci zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kwimozulu eshushu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu kubalulekile ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza. Bona ifayile.
- Iihambo: Zizinambuzane ezincinci ezihamba emagqabini. Babangela amabala ngaphantsi kwabo. Bona ifayile.
- Imibungu: Ekubeni i-caterpillars idla amagqabi, amahlumela kunye nee-melon ezincinci, imingxuma iya kubonakala kuyo yonke isityalo. Bona ifayile.
Olunye utshintsho lwemelon
Xa kuziwa ekukhuleni kweemelon, iinguqu ezithile zinokubonakala zingenanto yakwenza nezifo okanye izinambuzane. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibangelwa kukungakhathali okuthile kwicala lethu elihlala lihambelana nokungabikho okanye ukugqithisa kwamanzi, umbane okanye isichumisi. Makhe sibone iimeko eziqhelekileyo:
- Utshintsho: Xa i-deformation ibonakala kwi-melon, inokubangelwa yimeko yemozulu embi, ukugqithisa okanye ukungabikho kwamanzi okanye i-pollination embi.
- ilanga: Ukuba i-melon ibonakaliswe ilanga elininzi kunye namaqondo okushisa aphezulu, amabala amhlophe angavela.
- Riven: Ngamanye amaxesha iintanda zelongitudinal zivela kwiimelon. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa kukho ukugqithisa kwamanzi okanye utshintsho olukhawulezayo lokufuma kwendalo. Kuqhelekile ukwenzeka xa ixesha lokuvuthwa lisondela.
- Amabala: Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukuba amachokoza amdaka avele kwiimelon ezityheli. Ngokuqhelekileyo kungenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu okufuma.
- ukuqhomfa: Sithetha ngokukhupha isisu xa iziqhamo zingagqibi ukugoba. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokungabikho kwezondlo, ukungabikho kwamanzi okanye ukungabikho kwe-pollination.
Ngalo lonke olu lwazi malunga nezifo zevatala, izitshabalalisi ezinokusichaphazela kunye nolunye utshintsho, kufuneka kuphela sinakekele kakuhle isityalo sethu kwaye sinikele ingqalelo kuyo nayiphi na imiqondiso. Khumbula ukuba ngokukhawuleza siyibona ingxaki, kokukhona siya kukwazi ukugcina imifuno.