Esinye sezityalo zokuhombisa ezilinywe kakhulu kwihlabathi kunye neenkulungwane zezi roses. Ezi zihlahla ziyaqhakaza iinyanga, zivelisa iintyatyambo ezihlala zikhulu kwaye zinemibala emihle, njengobomvu, mthubi, okanye mhlophe. Kwakhona, nangona kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezingenayo iphunga, kukho ezinye ezenzayo.
Ukunyamekelwa kunye nokugcinwa kwamatyholo e-rose kulula kakhulu kangangokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uwagcine embizeni ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngesi sizathu, Zizityalo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuhombisa iibhalkhoni kunye / okanye iithala.
Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zeeroses
Izityalo ezaziwa ngokuba zii roses okanye i rose rose luthotho lwamatyholo, zihlala zinameva, zohlobo lwe Rosa. Kukho iintlobo ezili-100, ekhula eAsia, eMntla Melika, eYurophu nakuMntla Ntshona Afrika, kodwa uninzi lwawo lufumaneka kwilizwekazi laseAsia. Ukusuka kwezi ntlobo, zingaphezulu kwama-30 amawaka ezilimo ezenziwe, kwaye ezitsha zivela rhoqo ngonyaka.
Babonakaliswe ngokuba ngamatyholo okanye abakhweli abangakhula phakathi kweesentimitha ezili-10 kunye neemitha ezingama-20 ukuphakama. kuxhomekeke kuhlobo okanye isilimo. Iziqu zi-semi-woody, kwaye zikhuselwe ngameva atyebileyo abukhali. Ukusuka kula magqabi ahlumayo aqulathe amaphetshana ama-5 ukuya kwele-9 okanye i-pinnae, enomda ocoliweyo nohlaza, oqaqambileyo okanye ongapheliyo.
Iintyatyambo zinobungakanani obulungileyo, zilinganiswa phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-10 iisentimitha ububanzi. Amagqabantshintshi ayo anemibala eyahlukeneyo: bomvu, mhlophe, tyheli, pinki, okanye ibicolor (bomvu ngamabala amhlophe, umzekelo). Isiqhamo saziwa njenge rose rose, Equkethe iziqhamo ezininzi ezincinci, kwaye ibomvu xa ivuthiwe.
Iindidi zeerose bushes
Iiroses zilinywe ixesha elide kangangokuba kuye kwafuneka ukuba zihlelwe ngandlela thile ukuze zazi zonke iintlobo ezikhoyo. Ke, ezi zityalo zihlelwa ngokokuba zizintlobo ezinyulu okanye ii-hybrids ezenziwe ngabantu, nangokweminyaka yazo:
Amahlahla asendle asendle
Amahlahla asendle asendle zezo zikhula ngokwendalo. Bavame ukuvelisa iintyatyambo ezincinci kunee-cultivars, kwaye bahlala benamathambo amaninzi ukukhusela izilwanyana. Eminye imizekelo yile:
Rosa iibhanki
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Midori
La Rosa iibhanki Yisihlahla esinokusetyenziselwa ukuxhoma okanye ukunyuka intaba, kuba ineziqu ezide kakhulu ezinobude obufikelela kwiimitha ezi-6. Yinzalelwane yase China, kwaye inomdla kakhulu okoko Nangona iintyatyambo zayo zinokuba mhlophe okanye tyheli, zilinganise kuphela malunga neesentimitha ezi-2,5 ubukhulu ubukhulu, zininzi kakhulu. Ukongeza, inameva phantse kwaye ihlala iluhlaza.
i-canine rose
La i-canine rose Yi shrub enqabileyo enameva ekhula eYurophu, eMntla Ntshona Afrika naseNtshona yeAsia. Ilinganisa i-2 yeemitha ukuphakama, kunye ineentyatyambo eziisentimitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ububanzi, emhlophe okanye epinki ekhanyayo. Sisityalo esinemiqolo egosogoso nebomvu ebomvu nehluma ecaleni kwesiqu, kwaye sivelisa iziqhamo ze-ovoid ezikwanombala obomvu ngokunzulu.
UGallica wenyuka
La UGallica wenyuka Ityholwana elinameva elinqabileyo nelaziwa njenge rosebush yase Castile okanye i rosebush yase France. Ikhula eYurophu naseNtshona yeAsia, kwaye sisityalo esifikelela kwiimitha ezi-2 ukuphakama. Amagqabi ayo aluhlaza-buluhlaza, kwaye ivelisa iintyatyambo ezinuka kamnandi malunga neesentimitha eziyi-3-4 ububanzi ezipinki.
Amatyholo amadala evukile
Amatyholo amadala erose zezo sele zikho ngaphambi kokuba i-Tea Hybrid yokuqala ivele, ngo-1867. Ngokuqhelekileyo ziyimbumba yendalo, oko kukuthi, zavela ngaphandle kongenelelo lomntu kwindalo, ezinje:
Yenyuka iti
Ngegama leti yeti sibhekisa kuthotho lweeroses ezivela ekuweleni kwe Yenyuka enkulu x URosa chinensis. Zizihlahla okanye abakhweli zivelisa iintyatyambo ezinevumba elimnandi ehlotyeni nasekwindla. Oku kunokuba mhlophe, pinki, lilac, okanye tyheli.
URosa x alba
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / S. Rae
Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-rose emhlophe, iyinzalelwane yaseYurophu. Sisihlahla esinameva nesinqumlayo esifikelela kwiimitha ezi-2 ukuphakama. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe kwaye zilingana phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ubukhulu. Ezi zihluma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
URosa x damascena
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / H. Zell
Yaziwa njenge Damask wavuka okanye iphakame eCastile, kwaye iyinzalelwane yoluhlu lweminqamlezo yeentlobo zezilwanyana ezivela kuMbindi Mpuma. Ikhula njengesihlahla esinqumlayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 yeemitha ukuphakama, ekhuselweyo ngameva. Iintyatyambo zipinki okanye bomvu, kwaye zimalunga neesentimitha eziyi-8 ubukhulu.
Amahlahla amanje ale rose
Amahlahla amanje ale rose zezo ziye zavela kunyaka we-1867. Zihlala zihlelwa ngokobungakanani bazo okanye uhlobo lwentyatyambo. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
Ingxubevange yeti
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Anna reg
Ezi ntyatyambo ze-hybrid zivela eminqamlezweni phakathi kwezinye ezinje ngeRosa x odorata, UGallica wenyuka okanye uRosa x damascena. Ziyimithana enobungakanani obuncinci, njengoko zingagqithi kwiimitha ezi-2 ukuphakama. Kuxhomekeke kulinywa abanokunyuka kulo. Iintyatyambo zazo zinemibala eyahlukeneyo, kwaye zihlala zivelisa uninzi lonyaka.
UFloribunda wavuka
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Krzysztof Golik
Ziyimixube evela kumnqamlezo ophakathi URosa chinensis y I-Multiflora yenyuka. Zingamahlahla amalunga nemitha enye okanye imitha enesiqingatha ukuphakama, ethi zivelisa iintyatyambo ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezili-10 ubukhulu, enemibala enjengombala otyheli, obomvu okanye opinki, kunye nesiqholo.
UPolyantha wavuka
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / A. Ibha
La UPolyantha wavuka yimvelaphi yomnqamlezo ophakathi URosa chinensis y I-Multiflora yenyuka. Ziyimithana enameva edubula ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasekuweni, yiyo loo nto bexatyiswa kakhulu nangona iintyatyambo zazo ingezizo ezinkulu. Ezi ziisentimitha eziyi-2,5 ububanzi, kwaye zinokuba pinki, zimhlophe, okanye zibomvu.
Ezinye iintlobo
Zizityalo ze-rose ezidumileyo ngesizathu. Umzekelo:
UDavid Austin Roses
UDavid Charles Hensaw Austin wayengumbhali kunye nesazinzulu esithanda iiroses. Ngapha koko, uzinikele kwinxalenye elungileyo yobomi bakhe ekudaleni izilimo ezitsha ezinobuhle kunye nesiqholo seerhasi ezindala, kodwa kunye nokukwazi ukuqhakaza ixesha elininzi lonyaka. A) Ewe, ifumene ngaphezu kwe-190 yezilimo, phakathi kwazo kukho i-pink-flowered 'Constance Spry', okanye i-orange-flowered 'Charles Austin'.
Ukulila kwenyuka
Zizilimo ezo zibonakaliswa ngokuba namasebe axhonyiweyo okanye iziqu. Ziye zifakwe kwabanye ukuze ziphumeze umgangatho ophakamileyo okanye ukumelana nezifo okungcono. Njengomzekelo siqaqambisa i-'Les Quatre Saisons ', iindidi zeentyatyambo ezipinki ezilinganisela malunga neesentimitha ezi-3-4, eziphuma phakathi entwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.
Ukunyamekela i-rose bush ebhodweni nasegadini
I-Rose bushes zizityalo ezinombulelo kakhulu. Abadingi kukhathalelwa kakhulu, ke kufanelekile kubaqalayo. Kodwa masibone ngokweenkcukacha yonke into abayifunayo:
Ubicación
Iiroses kufuneka zingaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuba zibekwe ngaphandle kuba ngaphakathi endlwini azinakukhula kakuhle ngenxa yokunqongophala kokukhanya.
Nokuba baya kuba semhlabeni okanye ngembiza, kufuneka babe negumbi elaneleyo lokukhula. Iingcambu zawo azingenisi, ngenxa yoko ngekhe sibe nexhala malunga noku.
Zingaphi iiyure zokukhanya kwelanga ezifuna ityholo lama rose?
Ukuze i-rose ikwazi ukudubula Kuyimfuneko ukuyinika ubuncinci iiyure ezi-4 zelanga ngqo yonke imihla. Ngapha koko, kukho ezinye izinto ngaphandle, njenge Pitiminí rose bush Inokuba semthunzini ngaphandle kokuvezwa ngqo lilanga nangaliphi na ixesha.
Umhlaba okanye i-substrate
- JadiniIiroses zikhula kwimihlaba etyebileyo yezondlo. Ukongeza, ezi azinyanzelekanga ukuba zikhukule ngokulula.
- Imbiza yeentyatyambo: ukuba zigcinwa embizeni, isixhobo esikhulayo kwindalo yonke sinokusetyenziswa.
Unkcenkceshelo
Abanakumelana nembalela. Ngesi sizathu siyinkcenkceshela umndilili wamaxesha ama-3 ngeveki ehlotyeni, kunye namaxesha ama-1-2 ngeveki entwasahlobo, ekwindla nasebusika. Siza kusebenzisa amanzi emvula ukuba kunokwenzeka, okanye lawo aphantsi kwikalika.
Ngokunjalo, kuya kufuneka uphephe ukufumana iintyatyambo zakho zimanzi xa sinisela, kuba kungenjalo ziya koma ngaphambi kwexesha labo.
Umbhalisi
Ukufumana yonke into ekufuneka ikhule ikhule kwaye ivelise iintyatyambo ezininzi, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uchumise amahlahla amaruva ngalo lonke ixesha lezityaloOko kukuthi, ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku siza kusebenzisa izichumisi ezifana ne-worm humus, okanye i-guano (iyathengiswa apha). Ezinye ezilungileyo kakhulu ngumgquba wenkukhu (ukuba nje womile), okanye umgquba.
Ukuthena
Nini ukuthena izihlahla ze rose? Kuxhomekeke. Zimbini iintlobo zokuthena: uqeqesho olunye, olwenziwa ekupheleni kobusika, kunye nokuthena iintyatyambo ngokucacileyo okwenziwayo xa idubula.
- Ukwenziwa ukuthenwa: Siquka ukususa amasebe afileyo nagulayo, kunye neesuckers (zingamasebe ahluma ngaphantsi kwesiqu, athande ukubhitya kunamanye kwaye anamagqabi amancinci kancinci). Kwakhona iziqu kufuneka zichetyiwe kancinci ukulawula ukukhula kwesityalo.
- Ukuprintwa kweentyatyambo: Iintyatyambo ezibunileyo kufuneka zisikwe, umzekelo ngezikere. Kodwa lumka, awunyanzelekanga ukuba ususe intyatyambo kuphela, kodwa kunye neesentimitha ezininzi zesikhondo. Ukuba esi siqu simalunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 ubude, siyakususwa malunga neesentimitha ezi-5; kodwa ukuba ziisentimitha ezili-10 kuphela, ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha kuyakususwa.
Izinambuzane zaseRose bush
I-rose bushes ingaba nalezi zinambuzane:
- Isigcawu esibomvu: ngumthi obomvu oza kuwufumana phantsi kwamagqabi. Zisenza buthathaka isityalo, ke ngoko kubalulekile ukuba sinyangwe nge-diatomaceous earth okanye i-acaricides kwakamsinya nje sakuba sifunyenwe.
- Mealybugs: uhlaselo lwe cottony mealybug. Oku kufumaneka kuwo omabini amagqabi kunye neziqu, kwaye kumunca incindi yesityalo. Isuswe ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa apha), iipyrethrins okanye isepha ye potassium.
- I-Rosebush yombungu wobuxoki: Yimibungu kanomeva Arosa rosae. Zinomzimba omhlophe onamabala amnyama, intloko emnyama nomqolo otyheli. Ziwagqiba zigqibe amagqabi, ke ngoko kunyanzelekile ukunyanga amahlahla amaruva ngeoyile yeemem (iyathengiswa apha) okanye umhlaba we-diatomaceous.
- Zintwala: Bazi ntwala luhlaza okanye mdaka otya incindi yamagqabi neentyatyambo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-fungus enesibindi ivela, egubungela amahlamvu ngohlobo lomgubo omnyama. Ziyasuswa nge-diatomaceous earth okanye pyrethrins.
Izifo zeRose bush
I-Rose bushes ingaba nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ebomini babo:
- Indawo emnyama: ngamabala amnyama anemilo engaphezulu okanye engaphantsi ejikelezwe kukungunda kohlobo UMarssonina rosae. Zibonakala ikakhulu kumagqabi asezantsi. Iphathwa ngamayeza okubulala ukungunda aqulathe ubhedu.
- Ngumbungu: sisifo sokungunda esidluliselwa ngulo mngundo IPeronospora sparsa. Yenza amabala ombala ukusuka kumbala omfusa ukuya kumhlophe ukuvela emagqabini, kumagqabi nakwiintyatyambo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha iindawo ezichaphazelekayo zimnyama kwaye ziyawa. Kuyaliwa ngemingca yokubulala ukungunda equlathe ubhedu okanye isalfure (iyathengiswa apha).
- Umngundo womphunga: i ukungunda okungumgubo sisifo sokungunda esidluliswa ngu I-Sphaerotheca pannosa. Amagqabi erose achaphazelekayo anamagqabi agqunywe ngumgubo omhlophe-ngwevu. Ilwa ne-anti-powdery mildew, njenge enye.
- Roya: sisifo sokungunda esithi, kwimeko yamatyholo erose, sidluliswa kukungunda kohlobo IPragmidium mucronatum. Ivelisa amaqhuma amthubi-orenji emazantsi amagqabi. Inokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala ukungunda aqukethe ihasheetail (iyathengiswa apha) okanye ubhedu.
Ukuphindaphinda
I rose rose iphindaphindwe ngokubanzi ngokusikwa ngentwasahlobo. Ukuthatha ithuba lokushiyeka kokuthena, isiseko seziqu -eziluhlaza-sinokumiliselwa ngehomoni ezincothulayo (iyathengiswa apha) kwaye uzityale egadini okanye embizeni ene-substrate, enje nge-vermiculite okanye i-peat. Ziza kuncothula malunga neeveki ezimbini.
Iintlobo ezichanekileyo zinokuphindaphindwa ngembewu ngokunjalo. Ezi zityalwa ebusika, kwiibhedi zembewu kunye ne-substrate efana ne-mulch, kwaye zigcinwa zinkcenkceshelwa, kumthunzi omnyama. Kuyo yonke intwasahlobo baya kuqala ukuhluma.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Iiroses Zizityalo ezifana nemozulu enemozulu epholileyo, ehlotyeni kunye nobusika obubandayo. Uninzi lweentlobo zezityalo ezithengiswayo zixhathisa iqabaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-18ºC ngaphandle kwengxaki, ukuze igcinwe ngaphandle unyaka wonke ngaphandle kwengxaki kwiindawo ezininzi zaseSpain; kwaye kwimeko apho uhlala kwindawo ebandayo, ngelaphu elichasene neqabaka uya kubagcina bekhuselekile.
Ucinga ntoni ngeeroses? Unaye umntu?