Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomthi othi, ngexesha elithile lonyaka, uphulukane nawo onke amagqabi ukuze uhlale kumasebe angenanto. Imalunga nayo Ulmus. Iyaziwa ngegama eliqhelekileyo elm kwaye ngumthi onqabileyo ofikelela kubude obuphakathi kweemitha ezingama-40. Benza uhlobo oluqulathe iintlobo ezininzi, apho siza kubona ezona zibalulekileyo. Umthi omkhulu, owomeleleyo kunye nomfanekiso wawo uchaphazela ngaphezulu kwesinye xa usibona.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga neempawu kunye nokhathalelo ngokubanzi lwemithi yohlobo lwe-Ulmus kunye nokuchaza ezona ntlobo ziphambili zaziwayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iziqu zale mithi ziqine kodwa akusoloko ngokuthe tye. Ngamanye amaxesha siyifumana ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo. Olunye uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwale mithi kukuba, njengoko ikhula kwaye ikhula, isiqu sayo siqala ukungabinanto. Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, kwenzeka kwimizekelo yokuba, ukuze ubakhathalele kwaye ubonise ubuhle obuhle kwiipaki nasegadini, baphantsi kothenwa rhoqo. Amaxolo agquma umboko awurhabaxa kwaye aqhekekile kubume bawo. Unombala omdaka, ngamanye amaxesha uneetoni ezimnyama kunye namanye amaxesha angwevu ngombala.
Ngumthi osetyenziselwa ukuhombisa iipaki kunye neegadi ngoncedo olubalulekileyo olunikezela ngomthunzi omkhulu. Ngokuba nesithsaba esinamagqabi ashinyeneyo, amancinci kodwa amasebe amaninzi, iyakwazi ukugcina amawaka amagqabi anika umthunzi. Amagqabi atshisiweyo anokuma okulula, okunye kunye nokuma kwe-ovate. Imiphetho yeebhleyidi iphindwe kabini kwaye imile ngentliziyo. Ulingano lwayo lusisiseko.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iintyatyambo ziqokelelwe kwii-inflorescence ezinokuqokelela ukuya kwientyatyambo ezingama-30. Zinika isiqhamo esisasazeka ngaphambi kokuba amagqabi abe akhule ngokupheleleyo. Isiqhamo sawo sinemilo ethe tyaba kwelinye icala kwaye kuthiwa sikwimo yesamara. Iziqhamo xa zizalwa ziluhlaza ngombala kwaye xa zivuthwa ziba tyheli. Benza ukubola ngasekupheleni kobusika xa kufika intwasahlobo kwaye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Indawo yokuhlala yeUlmus
Ngokwesiqhelo, imithi yohlobo lwe-Ulmus ifumaneka kwimozulu enesimo sezulu esisemantla. Akukho mahluko phakathi kwamazwekazi. Ikhetha umhlaba ofumileyo, onzulu onobungakanani obaneleyo bomgquba. Ukulinywa kwayo kunokwenziwa kwezinye iindawo zasemazantsi e-hemisphere, ukuba nje le meko yokusingqongileyo ilawulwa.
Uhlobo lwemozulu apho i-Ulmus ichuma khona kwaye inemihlaba elungileyo eyenza ukuba inganyangeki phantse kuzo zonke iintlobo zezitshabalalisi kunye nezifo. Ukuba ayikho kwimeko efanelekileyo, iya kuba neengxaki ezithile. Umzekelo, ezinye zezona ntlobo ziphambili zolu didi zichaphazeleka ikhowa ibiziwe ICeratocystis ulmi kunye nesifo esaziwa ngokuba yi-graphiosis.
Ifungus esiyibonileyo ithwalwa ngooqongqothwane ngesantya esingummangaliso. Esi sifo sichaphazela iintlobo ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi eYurophu. Oku kubangela ukuncitshiswa kwabantu ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-80, ke I-Ulmus sele ithathwa njengezilwanyana ezisengozini.
Ezona zixhobo zisetyenziswayo
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya ukusetyenziswa kwalo mthi. Ukuba nezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo, isetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ixolo yingxenye ye-elm esetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngokulungiselela i-tinctures okanye ngohlobo lwe-infusions, inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki ze-spasms, iicramps zesisu kunye nefuthe layo le-antidiarrhea. Kukho izifundo ezininzi kwi-elm bark kwaye bayibeka kumayeza njenge-astringent, antispasmodic kwaye ityhilwe ukuba ineepropathi zokulindela. Oku kukhokelele ekusetyenzisweni kwayo kunyango lwangoku kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokuphefumla.
Inezinto zokulwa neentsholongwane ezinceda ekunyangeni amanxeba ahlukeneyo aphezulu. Kumanxeba anzulu ukusetyenziswa kwayo akukhuthazwa, kuba kunokubangela ukucaphuka okukhulu. Kumaxesha amandulo, kude kube kutshanje, iinkuni ze-elm bezisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamaphenyane. Kungenxa yokuba inokuchasana okuphezulu namanzi. Xa isomile, kulula ukugoba kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo. Ixabiseke kakuhle kwifenitshala kunye nokwenza iikhabhathi kusetyenziswa umbulelo kumnyama omnyama owufumanayo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuye kwancipha kakhulu ukusukela oko inani labo lehla ngokumangalisayo.
Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zohlobo lweUlmus
Siza kwenza inkcazo emfutshane yezona ntlobo ziphambili zohlobo lwe-Ulmus
Ulmus omncinci
Iyaziwa ngegama lika Elm eqhelekileyo. Inokufikelela kubude obuphezulu beemitha ezingama-30 ukuphakama. Inokukhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ngakumbi xa besebancinci. Amagqabi asetyenziselwa ukutyisa ezinye izilwanyana ezifana noofudo okanye imivundla. Ikhula kubude obusuka kwi-0 yeemitha ukuya kwi-1650 yeemitha.
Iyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 degrees, kodwa ayiyinyamezeli ityiwa. Ungayicoca ukuze ususe amasebe owomileyo kunye namadala.
ulmus glabra
Iyaziwa ngegama eliqhelekileyo le- intaba elm. Itholakala kumahlathi adibeneyo, i-beech okanye i-fir imithi. Ukuphakama kwayo okuphezulu kunokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-40. I-bark inezinto ezinqabileyo kunye nesudorific. Ikhetha imihlaba echumileyo kwaye iyaxhathisa ungcoliseko nomoya.
Ulmus parvifolia
Igama eliqhelekileyo ngu I-chinese elm. Yeyona bonsai eqhelekileyo inezindlu ngaphakathi. Ayinyamezeli iqabaka okanye ixesha elide lelanga ngqo. Kuya kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele amaxesha ama-2 okanye ama-3 ngeeveki ehlotyeni ukuyigcina ifumile.
ulmus pumila
Yaziwa njenge I-elm yaseSiberia. Ukuphakama kwayo kumalunga neemitha ezili-15 kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala. Iyazivumelanisa nazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba, kubandakanya nelitye lekalika. Kukulungele ukwenza isebe lokucheba izihlahla rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-3-4 ukunqanda amagqabi agqithisileyo.
ulmus laevis
Yaziwa njenge I-elm emhlophe okanye ukungcangcazela. Ifikelela kubude obumalunga ne-35 yeemitha kwaye inokukhula ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kwi-1700 yeemitha. Iqhelana nenani elikhulu lomhlaba.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo eziphambili ze-genus Ulmus.