Amaferns angaphakathi: ukunakekelwa

Yini obafern bayoba nayo esiyithanda kangaka? Ukuziqhenya kwayo? Ukugcinwa kwayo okulula? Iqiniso ukuthi bengingasho. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, futhi iphesenti elihle lazo lingatshalwa ezindlini, ngakho-ke ngenhlanhla ngathi kungenzeka ukuthi siguqule ikhaya, noma okungenani ingxenye yalo, libe yingadi yezithelo.

Ngakho lokho ake sazi ukunakekelwa kwama-ferns asendlini, futhi ngendlela sizophinde sibone ezinye zezinhlobo eziphakanyiswa kakhulu.

Umhlahlandlela wokunakekelwa kwe-fern yasendlini

Amaferns angaphakathi adinga ukunakekelwa okuqondile ukuze aphile. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi abakwazi ukuswela ukukhanya (kepha hhayi ilanga eliqondile), noma umswakama noma inhlabathi ecebile evumela izimpande ukuthi zikhule ngokujwayelekile. Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi ubabeke ezindaweni ezifanele, futhi ubanikeze isondlo esifanele.

Ngakho-ke ake siqale ekuqaleni:

Ungabeka kuphi i-fern ekhaya?

Amafeni ngaphakathi endlini kumele babe segumbini lapho kunokukhanya okuningi okuvela ngaphandle. Kepha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi akufanele uwashaye ngqo, ngaphandle kwalokho amafondolo abo angavutha. Ukukunika umbono, ngineziningana kokukodwa lapho kukhona amafasitela amabili abheke empumalanga. Ukukhanya okuningi kungena (empeleni kuyigumbi lapho kunokukhanya okuningi), kepha izitshalo zikhona noma zingezansi nje kwezinhlaka zamafasitela, nasemakhoneni lapho ukukhanya kungaweli khona ngqo kuzo.

Elinye iphuzu okufanele ulikhumbule ukuthi imisinga yomoya iyabalimaza. Ngakho-ke, endaweni lapho ubeka khona akufanele kube khona abalandeli, kungabi nesiphephetha-moya, noma iyiphi into edala lezi zinhlobo zemisinga.

Badinga yiphi imbiza?

Ibhodwe lingenziwa ngepulasitiki noma ngobumba, lokhu akunandaba. Yebo kufanele ucabange lokho lezo ezenziwe ngobumba zivumela izimpande ukuthi "zibambe" kangcono, ngoba iyimpahla enesibindi, futhi lokho kuzoba nomthelela ekukhuleni kukafern kancane (kungakhula ngokushesha). Kepha ipulasitiki ishibhile, futhi uma unezitshalo eziningi ekugcineni kufanelekile ukuthenga eyodwa yalezi.

Kodwa okumele ibe nakho, yebo noma yebo, izimbobo kusisekelo sayo. Futhi kungcono uma kunezincane ezimbalwa hhayi eyodwa enkulu enkabeni. Ngokungafani nama-ferns asemanzini, lawo asemhlabeni (okuyilawo athengiswa kakhulu) awakubekezeleli ukuminyana kwamanzi; Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi ibhodwe linezimbobo okuphuma ngazo amanzi.

Ngifaka ini i-substrate?

Ngiyavuma ukuthi uma kukhulunywa ngamafern angithandi ukwehlisa izindleko ze-substrate. Bafuna izitshalo ezidinga inhlabathi ecebile, elula ekhipha amanzi kahle. Kepha ungakhathazeki, ngenhlanhla kuba lula ukuthola izikhwama zekhwalithi enhle kakhulu zomhlaba ngamanani ashibhile.

Isibonelo, lokhu kusuka kumkhiqizo we-Weedness Terra Profesional onesikhwama esingu-50 litre sibiza ama-euro angama-9, noma lokhu okunye kusuka ku-Boom Nutrients isikhwama sayo esingamalitha angama-20 sinenani lama-euro angu-6,90. Ngikuthengile kokubili kanye, futhi nakanjani kunconywe kakhulu. Zombili zilula, futhi izitshalo zikhula okujabulisayo.

Vele, ungazenzela nokuxuba okwakho, kanjena: I-50% ye-peat emnyama + i-30% yesihlabathi + i-20% ye-worm castings.

Unisela nini futhi kanjani amaferns angaphakathi?

Lesi ngesinye isihloko esithinta inhliziyo. Ngaphakathi, amazinga okushisa ahlala ezinzile kancane, futhi njengoba evikelwe kahle elangeni futhi kungekho moya, i-substrate ithatha isikhathi eside ukoma. Ngalesi sizathu, ukungabaza kuvame ukuvela ngokuthi uzonisela nini, ngoba ngaphezu kwalokho Sikhuluma ngezitshalo ezidinga ukuba ne-substrate enomswakama, kepha hhayi ezikhukhulayo.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, Ngeluleka ukuwanisela izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto ehlobo. Lapho iqala ukuphola, ukuchelela kuzokwehlukaniswa kancane. Ebusika-entwasahlobo bazoniselwa kanye ngesonto, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi. Kuzoncika emazingeni okushisa endaweni yangakini, ngoba asikho isimo sezulu esifanayo e-Asturias naseTenerife njengesibonelo. Ukufudumala kuba, lapho kufanele unisele kakhulu. Uma ungabaza, imitha yomswakama ingahlala isetshenziswa, njenge lokhu.

Ungazinisela kanjani, kufanele njalo kwenziwe ngokuthulula amanzi ku-substrate. Okusho ukuthi, awudingi ukusimamisa isitshalo. Futhi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanzi angenawo umcako omningi. Amanzi angafanele ukusetshenziswa ngabantu, noma noma ngabe unomthombo noma okufanayo okugcwele amanzi emvula, ungawasebenzisa lawo manzi.

Ingabe badinga umswakama?

Amafeni ngaphakathi badinga umswakama, Yebo. Ukuyinikeza ungenza izinto eziningana, njengokuzifafaza ngamanzi angenalimi ehlobo, ukubeka izingilazi zamanzi ezizungezile, noma ukubeka izitshalo ezizungezile.

Kepha akukho kwalokho okuzodingeka uma uhlala esiqhingini, noma endaweni lapho umswakama usuvele uphakeme. Ngakho-ke uma unokungabaza, thinta iwebhusayithi ye-meteorology ezweni lakini (njengewebhusayithi ye-AEMET, uma useSpain), noma uthenge eyodwa isiteshi sezulu sezulu ekhaya.

Ngabe kumele bakhokhelwe?

Yebo kulungile. Amaferns angaphakathi zidinga ukuvundiswa phakathi nenkathi yazo yokukhula, okungukuthi, entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe, ngoba ngale ndlela sizothola izitshalo ezinempilo, ezinamandla futhi ezingazweli. Ngalokhu, sincoma ukusebenzisa umanyolo ophilayo, njenge-guano (kuyathengiswa lapha) noma Earthworm humus. Vele, kufanele babe uketshezi ukuze izimpande zimunce ngokushesha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiyalo echazwe kupakethe kufanele ilandelwe. Njalo. Yize kungumanyolo wemvelo, uma sidlula umthamo okhonjisiwe singalahlekelwa yizimfeni zethu zasendlini, ngoba izimpande zazo zingasha.

Kufanele bayishintshe nini imbiza?

Yize kuyizitshalo ezingakhuli kakhulu ekuphakameni (ngaphandle, njengama-ferns ezihlahla, ICyathea cooperi, I-Balantium antarcticum, phakathi kwabanye), bazodinga imbiza enkulu njengoba iminyaka ihamba. Yize zihamba kancane, kuzofanele batshalwe kaningi kukho konke ukuphila kwabo, entwasahlobo.

Ukwazi kahle ukuthi banoshintsho noma cha, Kufanele sibheke ukuthi izimpande ziyaphuma yini emigodini esembizeni, kodwa futhi nokuthi ngabe amahlumela asevele angene kukho konke.. Futhi bekungeke kusimangaze uma sinomsila odinga ukufakelwa, kepha izimpande zawo zingaveli ngemigodi.

Ngakho-ke, kulezi zimo, esizokwenza ukuthatha isitshalo esisekelweni, bese sisikhipha ngokucophelela: uma isinkwa somhlaba siphuma ngaphandle kokuhlukana, khona-ke singasishintshela kwelinye ibhodwe elikhudlwana.

Yini amaferns asendlini?

Manje njengoba sesazi ukunakekela lezi zitshalo ngaphakathi endlini, sizokwazi amagama ezinhlobonhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili ezingatshalwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga endlini:

I-Adiantum raddianum (Maidenhair)

Unina owaziwa ngokuthi intombi isitshalo esincane, esidabuka eMelika esishisayo, lokho ikhula ngamasentimitha aphakathi kuka-15 no-50 ubude, nokuthi inamacembe aluhlaza aphuma ezihlokweni ezincane kakhulu zombala omnyama. Ingatshalwa endlini yokugezela, ngoba idinga umswakama omningi, kepha ayinakho ukukhanya kwemvelo.

I-Asplenium scolopendrium (Ulimi lwenyamazane)

Ifern eyaziwa ngokuthi ulimi lwenyamazane noma ulimi lwe-cervina ifana kakhulu nesidleke senyoni (I-Asplenium nidus), kepha imelana ngokwengeziwe, yingakho siyikhethile. Ifinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-75, futhi amaqabunga awo aphelele, anesikhumba futhi abushelelezi ngokuthungwa, futhi aluhlaza okotshani.

I-Blechnum gibbum (IBlecno)

I-blecno iyi-fern arboreal fern edabuka emahlathini emvula eNew Caledonia. Ikhula phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1 no-2 ubude, futhi inamacembe aluhlaza afika kumitha elilodwa ubude. Luhlobo oluzoletha ukungajwayelekile kanye nokuthinta kwalo okushisayo ekhaya lakho.

I-Microsorum pteropus (I-Java fern)

El iJava fern ngamaqabunga alula, e-lanceolate futhi aluhlaza azalelwa eThailand, eMalaysia, eChina futhi evela esiqhingini saseJava. Ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha angama-35 ukuphakama, cishe ngobubanzi obufanayo, ngakho-ke isebenza kahle kakhulu ezimbizeni eziphakathi. Vele, kufanele itshalwe endaweni engaphansi kwamatshe. Kungaba semanzini ashisayo namanzi amasha (izinga lokushisa kufanele libe cishe ngo-18-30ºC) ngamatshe, kancane kancane noma acwiliswe ngokuphelele.

I-Nephrolepis exaltata (Inkemba fern)

El inkemba fern Luhlobo esilubona lukhulu endlini. Futhi ngukuthi ikhona amafondini angadlula imitha elilodwa ngobude, futhi ubude bawo obukhulu ngamasentimitha angama-60. Ngakho-ke, siyisitshalo sosayizi omuhle, esifanele ukuhlobisa amakamelo amakhulu. I-classic engasoze yehluleka, edinga ukunakekelwa okuncane, futhi lokho kuhlala kubukeka kukuhle kakhulu.

I-Platycerium alcicorne (Uphondo lwe-Elk)

I-elkhorn iyi-fern epiphytic edabuka eziqhingini zaseSeychelles naseComoros, kanye naseMadagascar, eMozambique naseZimbabwe. Ngakho-ke, luhlobo lwendawo eshisayo, engawuthwali umkhuhlane, kodwa oluhlala kahle kakhulu ezindlini. Inamacembe aluhlaza ambozwe izinwele ezimhlophe ezimfishane kakhulu, cishe amasentimitha angama-40 ubude. Kuyathakazelisa ukukhula ezimbizeni ezilenga, ngaphakathi kwamakamelo lapho kunokukhanya okuningi kwemvelo.

I-Pteridium aquilinum (Ukhozi fern)

El ukhozi fern Kuyinto yezinhlobo ezikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele nezipholile zomhlaba. Amaqabunga awo afinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude, futhi afinyelela ubude obufinyelela kumitha elilodwa. Kuyathakazelisa njengesitshalo esilenga, yize sincoma ukuthi sibe naso ebhodweni elijwayelekile ngoba njengoba sikhula kungahle kungenzeki ukuthi sikulenga ophahleni.

Futhi wena, unabo o-ferns basendlini?