Yini ama-Araucaria futhi anakekelwa kanjani?

Uyawathanda amaconifers? Lezi zitshalo zingezinye zezakudala kakhulu emhlabeni: zaqala ukuziphendukela kwemvelo cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-300 edlule, ngesikhathi seCarboniferous. Njengoba bekhula befinyelela ubude obungenakufinyeleleka kuze kube manje, kancane kancane bakwazi ukwenza iplanethi yonke ibe ikoloni. Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-575 eziye zachazwa, ezisatshalaliswa ngokwesizukulwane, esinye sazo okuyi I-Araucaria.

Lesi sitshalo sihle kakhulu, silungele lezo zingadi ezihlotshiswe ngesitayela se-rustic, lapho ufuna ukunikela khona ngocezu lwesikhathi esedlule ukuze uziguqule zibe izindawo ezinhle. Uyafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngaye?

Umsuka nezici ze-Araucaria

I-protagonist yethu Kuwuhlobo lwamaconifers olwavela ngesikhathi seMesozoic, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-251 edlule.. Nakuba umsuka onjalo ungakasungulwa, namuhla utholakala ngaphezu kwakho konke eMelika, ikakhulukazi enkabeni-eningizimu yeChile, e-Argentina, e-Uruguay, eningizimu yeBrazil nasempumalanga yeParaguay; e-Oceania kukhona futhi: Izinhlobo eziyi-13 zitholakala eNew Caledonia, eNorfolk Island, empumalanga ye-Australia naseNew Guinea.

Zibonakala ngani? Lezi zihlahla ziyi-columnar, futhi zingafinyelela ukuphakama okumangalisayo, ukusuka kumamitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-80.. Amagatsha ngokuvamile anezingqimba futhi ahlukene, embozwe amaqabunga e-coriaceous noma acicular, angaba yi-lanceolate futhi amancane, noma ububanzi futhi flat.

Ziyizitshalo ze-dioecious, okungukuthi, izigaxa zeduna nezinsikazi zihamba ngezinyawo ezihlukene. Ezokuqala zincane futhi zinesimo se-cylindrical, kusukela ku-4 kuya ku-10cm ngo-1,5 kuya ku-5cm ububanzi; okwesibili, ngakolunye uhlangothi, anobubanzi obungu-7 kuya ku-25cm, i-globose futhi iqukethe imbewu esukela ku-80 kuya kwezingu-200 ezinkulu, ezinkulu nezidliwayo ezifana nembewu yezihlahla zikaphayini kodwa ezinkulu.

Zinezinga lokukhula elihamba kancane kakhulu, cishe u-2-3cm ngonyaka, kodwa zingezinye zezihlahla zomquba ezihlotshiswe kakhulu esingazithola, njengoba nazo zingezinye zalezo ezinesikhathi eside sokuphila: kuye kwatholakala izibonelo ezineminyaka engu-2.000 XNUMX ubudala.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Kunezigaba ezimbili ohlotsheni, okuyizi:

Isigaba se-Araucaria

Anamaqabunga abanzi nama-cones angaphezu kuka-12cm. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

I-Araucaria angustifolia

Waziwa ngokuthi iParaná pine, Brazil pine, araucaria missionary noma curý, udabuka eBrazil futhi ungatholakala naseParaguay. Ingakhula ifinyelele Amamitha angu-50, futhi isiqu sayo siyajiya size sifinyelele imitha elilodwa ububanzi.

I-Araucaria auracana

Yaziwa nge-Araucaria yaseChile, i-araucaria pine, i-Chilean pine, i-arms pine, i-pewen noma i-pehuén. Itholakala eChile, kanye nasenkabeni-eningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Argentina. Ifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-50, enesiqu esiqondile, esiyicylindrical futhi esiwugqinsi kakhulu (kufika ku-3m). Umqhele uqala ukuhlanganisa amamitha amaningana ngaphezu komhlabathi, futhi wakhiwe ngezinaliti ezinzima (amaqabunga), anikezwe nge-mucron eluhlaza okumnyama (iva) ekugcineni.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Chilean Araucaria (Araucaria araucana)

I-Araucaria bidwillii

Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-bunya pine, iwuhlobo olutholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga yeQueensland (Australia). Ifinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme, nakuba ingekho kakhulu njengezinhlobo zangaphambilini: 30-40 amamitha. Inomumo ongaphezulu noma omncane oyiphiramidi, iphuma ngamamitha ambalwa ukusuka phansi.

Isigaba se-Eutacta

I-Araucaria heterophylla (efana ne-Araucaria excelsa)

Yaziwa nge-araucaria excelsa, araucaria noma i-Norfolk Island pine, iyisitshalo esihlala esiqhingini saseNorfolk lapho. ikhula ngamamitha angama-50-80. Amagatsha acishe avundlile noma atsheke kancane, yingakho ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi uphayini wendaba.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Norfolk Pine (Araucaria heterophylla)

I-Araucaria montana

Kuyi-conifer yaseNew Caledonia leyo ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-10-40. Inamagatsha amaningi futhi asabalalayo. Amaqabunga amadala afana nesikali, ashubile ukuya ku-blunt, ovate, aluhlaza okotshani.

Udinga ukunakekelwa kuni?

Ingabe ucabanga ukuba neyodwa engadini yakho? Uma kunjalo, nansi inkomba yakho yokunakekela:

Indawo

Nakuba ikhula kancane, sincoma ukuthi ube ne-Araucaria ngaphandle, elangeni eligcwele noma emthunzini omncane. Ngaphakathi endlini ingahlala iminyaka embalwa, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sizophoqeleka ukuthi siyikhiphele ngaphandle.

Inhlabathi noma i-substrate

ayifuni kakhulu, kodwa kulula ukuthi ibe ne-drainage enhle, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube nzima nje ukuthi ithathe izimpande, kodwa ingaba nezinkinga ngomswakama owedlulele. Ingabe unalo ulwazi olwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko? lapha.

Ukunisela

Njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4 ehlobo, futhi njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-6-7 unyaka wonke. Ukugcwala kwamanzi kufanele kugwenywe. Uma sinawo ebhodweni elinepuleti ngaphansi, sizokhipha amanzi angaphezu kwemizuzu eyishumi ngemva kokuchelela.

Umbhalisile

Ngentwasahlobo nasehlobo kufanele ukhokhe, noma nge Umanyolo wemvelo njengama-synthetics (amakhemikhali). Uma iphansi, singafaka ungqimba lomquba noma umquba ogqinsi ngo-3cm kanye ngenyanga, kodwa uma usebhodweni kuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi ngokulandela imiyalelo eshiwo ephaketheni.

Izinambuzane

Iyakwazi ukumelana, kodwa ingahlaselwa mealybugs, engaqedwa nge-anti-cochineal insecticide noma, uma isitshalo sisesisha, ngeswabhu kakotini ecwiliswe etshwaleni lasekhemisi.

Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuyidlulisela engadini noma ebhodweni elikhudlwana entwasahlobo, lapho ingozi yesithwathwa isidlulile. Ukufakelwa esitsheni esikhulu kufanele kwenziwe njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Isibindi

I-Araucaria ingatshalwa ngaphandle unyaka wonke endaweni enesimo sezulu esipholile, nesithwathwa esifinyelela phezulu. -10ºC.

I-Araucaria njengesitshalo sasendlini

Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi samaholide kaKhisimusi, kuvamile ukuthola i-Araucaria ukuze isetshenziswe njengesihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Kodwa-ke, ungaba kanjani kahle endlini? Hhayi-ke, uma uzoyithola, ngaphandle kokunikeza ukunakekelwa esikushilo ngaphambili, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ube nayo ekamelweni elikhanyayo kakhulu, kude nokushisa. Imisinga yomoya iyithinta kakhulu, kangangokuthi amaqabunga ayo aphenduka abe nsundu ngokushesha.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nakuba kungabalulekile, kunjalo Kuyosiza kakhulu ukulenza libukeke linempilo uma ubeka okomswakama eduze noma izibuko ezinamanzi nxazonke. Ngakho-ke, izokhula ngokuqinile futhi iwine minyaka yonke.

Isebenzani?

Konke lokhu:

• Umhlobiso: Njengesifanekiso esingasodwa noma ngamaqembu ahlakazekile, sibukeka sisihle engadini.
• Ukubaza: ukhuni lusetshenziselwa ukwakha izindlu, amadrowa, iziqukathi, ifenisha, izinto zokupakisha, amabhodi, amapulangwe kanye nama-veneers.
• Okwezokwelapha: imbewu iyadliwa, futhi icebile ngama-carbohydrate.
• Ezokwelapha: inhlaka evela esiqwini sohlobo oluthile, njengaleyo ka-A. auracana, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda zesikhumba.

Ubucabangani nge-Araucaria? Unaye umuntu?