I-Solanum

I-Los I-Solanum Yizitshalo ezitshalwa kabanzi ezingadini zezithelo nasemibhedeni yezimbali, ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi ezikhiqiza izithelo ezidliwayo futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, zingatholwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezitsheni.

Ukugcinwa akulula, kepha siyethemba ukuthi manje kuzoba kuncanyana ngalokhu esizokutshela khona ngokulandelayo 🙂.

Umsuka nezici

I-protagonist yethu iyinhlobo yezitshalo ezingakhula njengamakhambi, izihlahla noma njengabagibeli abanameva noma abangenawo, avela ngaphezu kwakho konke eNingizimu Melika, kepha futhi ekhula eNyakatho Melika, eMelika Ephakathi, empumalanga yeBrazil, eNtshonalanga Indies, e-Australia, e-Afrika nase EMadagascar. Kunezinhlobo ezibalelwa ku-1250, nazo zonke Zibonakala ngohlobo lwembali, enamacembe amahlanu amhlophe, aluhlaza, aphuzi, abomvana noma ansomi, futhi ngesithelo esiyiberry le-globose futhi iyinyama ngaphakathi okuyimbewu encane eningi.

Izimpande zingaba yi-rhizomatous noma zibe nesifo sofuba, futhi amaqabunga awo ahlukile, alula ukuphina i-pinnatilobed noma i-compound, eluhlaza ngombala.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

I-Solanum nigrum

Eyaziwa njenge-nightshade, umuthi waminyaka yonke wokuthi ikhula phakathi kuka-30 no-80cm ubude, futhi lokho kuveza izithelo ezimnyama okuthi uma seziphekiwe, zisetshenziselwe ukwenza ujamu nokugcina.

I-solanum tuberosum

Eyaziwa njengamazambane noma amazambane, kuyimifino enesifo futhi ehlala njalo kungaba kufika kumitha elilodwa ubude. Izimpande ezinesifo, okungamazambane uqobo, yizona ezisetshenziswa ekuphekeni, zombili ziphekiwe futhi zithosiwe.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Atshalwa nini futhi kanjani amazambane?

I-Solanum lycopersicum

Eyaziwa ngokuthi utamatisi, utamatisi, noma utamatisi, umuthi waminyaka yonke noma ongapheli kuye ngesimo sezulu lokho ingafinyelela ubude obufinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Ikhiqiza amajikijolo, imvamisa abomvu, adliwayo, alungele amasaladi, ama-toast, njll.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi?

I-Solanum jasminoides

Manje sekubiziwe I-Solanum laxum, yisitshalo esihlala siluhlaza esikhuphuka kuze kufike kumamitha ama-5 ubude Isetshenziswa njengomhlobiso wezimbali zayo, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mhlophe noma i-lilac. Kuyaziwa njenge-jasmine yamanga.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-jasmine eyimbumbulu, umgibeli onezimbali ezincane kodwa ezinhle

I-Solanum dulcamara

Eyaziwa njenge-dulcamara, kuyisitshalo esikhuphukayo esihlala siluhlaza leso akuvamile ukudlula amamitha ama-2 ubude. Isetshenziswa njengomhlobiso, njengoba ikhiqiza izimbali ezinhle kakhulu ezibubende.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Solanum dulcamara

I-Solanum pseudocapsicum

Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cherry yaseJerusalema, iMadeira noma umbomvana, kuyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza lokho akuvamile ukudlula amamitha ama-2 ukuphakama. Ikhiqiza izithelo ezikhumbuza utamatisi, kodwa zincane, cishe ngo-10-15mm ezingadliwayo.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Utamatisi omncane (Solanum pseudocapsicum)

I-Solanum melongena

Eyaziwa njenge-aubergine, iwumuthi waminyaka yonke, onameva lokho Iqhubeka cishe ngamamitha ama-2. Ikhiqiza amajikijolo ama-5 kuya ku-30cm ubude, onsomi, omnyama, onsomi, omhlophe noma oluhlaza okusetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha ezahlukahlukene, njenge-aubergine egxishiwe.

I-Solanum muricatum

Eyaziwa njenge-pear melon, ikhukhamba ikhabe, ikhukhamba elimnandi, ikhukhamba yezithelo noma i-melon yesihlahla, yi-shrub esihlala siluhlaza ikhula ize ifike kumamitha ama-2 ukuphakama. Ikhiqiza amajikijolo adliwayo amhlophe, adliwa amasha, kumasaladi noma ophudingi abaphezulu.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ikhabe eliphakathi kwe (Solanum muricatum)

I-Solanum villosum

Kuyimifino yonyaka cishe 70cm ubude elikhiqiza amajikijolo abomvu-orange.

I-Solanum bonariense

Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-granadilla, utshani baseSanta María, izihlahla ze-solana noma i-orange (hhayi okufanele ididaniswe nesithelo sohlobo lweCitrus) ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-2-3 ubude. Ikhiqiza iberry yeglobose enombala osawolintshi.

I-Solanum malacoxylon

Eyaziwa njenge-peach emhlophe, isitshalo se-rhizomatous se Ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-1-2 Ikhiqiza izithelo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezimnyama ezisetshenziswa emasosheni nasezitsheni.

I-Solanum rantonneti

Eyaziwa njenge-solano enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-perennial dulcamara, iyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esingakhula njengomqali noma njengesembozo somhlabathi. Ikhula ize ifike kumamitha ama-2-3 ubude, futhi ikhiqiza izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Isitshalo esisetshenziswa kabanzi engadini, iSolanum rantonnetii

Banakekelwa kanjani?

Ngabe ufuna ukuba nekhophi yeSolanum? Ngemuva kwalokho sincoma ukuthi unikeze lokhu kunakekelwa okulandelayo:

Indawo

Kubalulekile ukuthi ingaphandle, elangeni eligcwele.

Umhlaba

• Ingadi yezithelo noma ingadi: inhlabathi kufanele ivunde, kube nepayipi elihle.
• Imbiza yezimbali: sebenzisa i-mulch (iyathengiswa lapha).

Ukunisela

Kumele kaningi, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Okufanele ukugcina njalo inhlabathi imanzi kancane, ngakho-ke, kuya ngesimo sezulu, sincoma ukuchelela isilinganiso sezikhathi ezi-5 ngesonto ngenkathi eshisayo, kanye nesilinganiso sezikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto unyaka wonke.

Umbhalisile

Kuyo yonke inkathi kufanele ukhokhe ngamanyolo wemvelo, njengomquba, isithombo semifino, umquba wezinkomo, njll.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-Solanum nande ngembewu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nibe nezilimo eziyizigaxa, entwasahlobo.

Imbewu

Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe kuthileyi wembewu eligcwele isembozo. Ukugcina i-substrate imanzi, zizohluma cishe ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa

Amanye ama-Solanum, njengamazambane, angaphindaphindeka kalula ngokuhlukanisa izilimo eziyizigaxa kolunye uhlelo lwazo lwempande bese ezitshala kwenye indawo yensimu. Kumele abe ekujuleni okungaba ngu-10cm ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi.

Izinambuzane

Kungathinteka izintwala, Isicabucabu esibomvu, Impukane emhlophe, ama-borer y inkukhu eyimpumputhe. Zonke zingelashwa ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa lapha) noma insipho ye-potassium (iyathengiswa lapha).

Izifo

Uma kuniselwa kakhulu futhi / noma kumanzisa amaqabunga, izimbali nezithelo, kungahle kube nakho isikhutha esiyimpuphu, i-botrytis, isikhutha, enye indawo, i-fusarium, amabhaktheriya noma igciwane.

Kuyadingeka ukulawula ubungozi nokwenza ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides. Endabeni yamagciwane noma amagciwane, izingxenye ezithintekile kufanele zisikwe.

Isibindi

Imelana nokubanda kodwa hhayi isithwathwa.

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okunikezwayo?

Umhlobiso

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezisetshenziswa njengezitshalo zensimu noma ithala, njenge I-Solanum rantonnetii noma i I-Solanum jasminoides. Noma ngabe kukhuliswe phansi noma ezimbizeni, kuzobukeka kukuhle 🙂.

Okwezokwelapha

Ngaphandle kokungabaza ukusetshenziswa okuthandwa kakhulu. Amazambane, utamatisi, ama-aubergines ... konke lokhu kungamajikijolo adliwayo Basebenzisa ithuba lekhishi ukulungisa izindlela zokupheka ezahlukahlukene.

Ngabe unesibindi sokuyihlakulela?