Ukuhlwanyela kuhlale kuyinto emnandi kakhulu. Lungisa umbhede wembewu nge-substrate efaneleke kakhulu, ungcwabe imbewu ngokwanele ukuze bezwe ukushisa kwelanga ngenkathi befihlwe kulo, banisele ngokucophelela ukuze amanzi angapheli ngamandla amaningi, futhi ubanakekele njalo usuku ngokunakekela izithombo zesikhathi esizayo ukuze uqale kahle.
Ngeshwa, zombili izimbewu nezithombo zisengozini yokutheleleka ngokuhlaselwa yifungus nokuhlaselwa yizimbaza. Uma ungafuni ukulahlekelwa yibo, qhubeka ufunda ukuze wazi yiziphi izifo umbhede wembewu ongaba nazo nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani.
Amagciwane
Isithombe - omicsonline.org
Amagciwane awavamile kakhulu, kepha uma kwenzeka umonakalo uvame ukubhubhisa, njengalowo obangelwa yiPseudomonas noma iXanthomonas. Zivela lapho izitshalo sezivele zibonisa uphawu oluthile lobuthakathaka, kungaba ngenxa yokweqisa noma ukungabi namanzi amaningi, inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe kakhulu, noma ukuvezwa yilanga ngqo entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Zithinta amaqabunga neziqu, okwenza izindawo ezingama-1-2mm zibe nsundu noma zibomvu. Ukuzivimbela, kulula thola imbewu engangcolisiwe futhi usebenzise iziqeshana ezintsha.
Amakhowe
Isithombe - Pnwhandbooks.org
Isikhunta yizinto ezincane ezithinta kakhulu zombili imbewu nezitshalo ezincane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa. Okuvame kakhulu yilezi: Pythium, Phytophthora, Fusarium ne-Alternaria. Konke zikhula ezifundeni ezinomswakama nezihlangene ezinamazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-12ºC, zihlasela izimpande futhi ekugcineni kube yiso sonke isitshalo.
Ukuzivimbela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa isisekelo okusha, futhi ube nokuhle kakhulu amanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho gwema ukumanzisa ngokweqile ukuze izimpande zingaboli. Futhi Kunconywa kakhulu ukwenza izindlela zokuvikela ngethusi noma isulfure entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
igciwane
Amagciwane ajwayelekile kakhulu, kepha angavela uma umbhede wembewu uthintwa yiwo Impukane emhlophe, ukuhamba o izintwala, ngoba ziyizindlela eziyinhloko zokutheleleka. Lapho sebengenile ezintweni eziphilayo zezitshalo kuzokwenza ukuthi amaqabunga akhule akhubazekile, ethule ama-mosaic kanye ne-rickets.
Ukuzivimbela kulula sebenzisa ama-substrates amasha y hlanza umbhede wembewu kahle uma kungenzeka isivele isetshenzisiwe. Ngokufanayo, kufanele xosha izinambuzane ukwelapha izitshalo ngokuvikela nge Amafutha eNeem o insipho ye-potassium.
Ngale ndlela izithombo zingakhula futhi zikhule kahle 🙂.