I-Opuntia stricta (Opuntia dillenii)

ICacti eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-nopales yizitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, okuya ngohlobo lwazo, ezikhiqiza izithelo ezimnandi impela. Kodwa-ke, njengoba zivumelana kahle nezindawo zokuhlala ezahlukahlukene, namuhla kukhona ezinye ezibhekwa njengezingenangqondo, futhi enye yazo Opuntia dillenii, manje esaziwa ngokuthi I-Opuntia stricta.

Lolu uhlobo, olubonwa ngamehlo enyama, lusikhumbuza kakhulu ngalo futhi oluhlaselayo I-Opuntia ficus-indica. Amahlanga awo (amaqabunga aguquliwe) acishe abhebhe, aluhlaza okotshani, kuthi uma sezivuthiwe izithelo zibe bomvu-pink. Kepha, Yini enye okufanele siyazi ngaye? Ingabe ingahlakulelwa?

Umsuka nezici

Okwamanje I-Opuntia stricta Kuyisilwane esidabuka e-United States, Mexico naseCuba, esaziwa ngegama elijwayelekile le-nopal yasogwini evela eLas Tunas. Ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1 kuye kwayi-3, ene-shrubby enamagatsha amakhulu futhi ethwele ezinwabuzelayo. Amahlanga noma amaqabunga makhulu, afinyelela ku-30cm ubude aze afike ku-15cm ububanzi, avundiswe ukuze avulwe futhi acwecwe, anezinkundla ezihlukaniswe kabanzi ezinsundu, lapho kuvela khona umgogodla owodwa noma ngaphezulu ophuzi.

Ikhiqiza izimbali eziwodwa eziphuzi neziphuzi eziwolintshi ezinobukhulu obucishe bube ngu-5cm ubude entwasahlobo-ehlobo, futhi zibamba ngasekuqaleni kokwindla. Izithelo zawo zibomvu ngokunsomi uma sezivuthiwe, zimiswe okweqanda eliguquliwe, zingaba ngu-3-4cm ubude futhi ziqukethe imbewu engama-60 kuya kwayi-180. ivikelwe i-mucilage nayo elungele ukusetshenziswa kwabantu futhi izinyoni nezinye izilwane ezijabulela ngayo. Lezi zinhlamvu zingahlala zisebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi, kuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimo ezifanele zokuhluma kwazo.

Ifakiwe kukhathalogu yaseSpain Yezinhlobo Ezingahlaseli Zomfokazi ivunywe yiRoyal Decree 630/213 ka-Agasti 2, ivinjelwe ukwethulwa kwemvelo yemvelo, ukuphatha, ukuthutha, ithrafikhi kanye nokuhweba kulo lonke elaseSpain.

Ingabe ikhona ukusetshenziswa?

Ezindaweni ezivela kuzo, izithelo zisetshenziselwa ukudliwa, kepha ngaphezu kwengaphakathi lamaqabunga, kukhishwa i-mucilage esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukusha namathumba.

Kungani Opuntia dillenii?

Yi-cactus ekhula ngokushesha eyethulwa eYurophu ngekhulu le-1874 ngabanqobi baseMelika. ESpain kuyaziwa ukuthi selokhu kwaba khona kusukela ngo-XNUMX, unyaka owawuseningizimu yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, ikakhulukazi ezifundazweni zaseHuelva nase-Almería. Kusukela lapho kuze kube namuhla, ukwazile ukuzala e-Andalusia, ikhula ezihlahleni, uthango nasezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esomile.

E-Doñana National Park kuvimbela uhlobo lwe-autochthonous, i- Umshanelo weMonospermKwangathi ngingaphumelela (uneminye imininingwane ngalesi sihloko lapha). Uma sikhuluma ngokwenzeka kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, eSri Lanka, eChina, e-Australia, eNew Zealand naseNingizimu Afrika, phakathi kwezinye izindawo, kumakwe njengokungenayo.

Ngakho-ke, lapho sibona okwenzekayo vele endaweni yaseSpain nakwamanye amazwe, futhi sazi ukuthi iphindaphindeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga kusuka ezimbewini naku-asexually namaqabunga achithekileyo, njalo uma ubona eyodwa emvelweni, into enhle ongayenza ukuyiklebhula.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokulawula ezenziwayo?

Ngaphandle kokuziqala ngokwenza, e-Australia inani labantu lilawulwa ngenxa ye-lepidoptera I-Cactoblastis cactorum, kepha ukwethulwa kwalesi sinambuzane ezindaweni lapho I-Opuntia stricta isendaweni, njengaseMexico, ithinta kabi lokhu nezinye izinhlobo ze I-Opuntia, i-cactus lapho kukhishwa khona imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ukuze ithengiswe.

Futhi, kunjalo, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi uma isitshalo noma isilwane singeniswa endaweni entsha enezimo ezibasizayo, into ejwayelekile ukuthi ayizitholi izidumbu, ngakho-ke kulindeleke ukuthi zande nokuthi abantu bakhona bakhule ngokushesha, bangene ezweni elingahambisani naye, kodwa nezinhlobo zomdabu; okungukuthi, labo asebekhona iminyaka eminingi (amakhulu, izinkulungwane), bejwayela leyo ndawo.

Kukhona ama-cacti amahle kakhulu futhi angahle abe wusizo olukhulu kithi. Uhlobo engikutshele ngalo ngolunye lwazo. Eqinisweni, ukube bekungewona owokuhlasela, bengizokutshela ukuthi ungaba muhle njengothango lokuvikela oluphansi ngenxa yameva onawo, kepha ngabe ngenza iphutha uma ngikutshela manje ukuthi yini okufanele uyinakekele noma ungayithenga kuphi . Njalo, vikela njalo imvelo, amahlathi, amahlathi, amabhishi, konke, ngaphandle kwalokho ikusasa elingathembisi kangako lingasilinda.

Uma uthanda i-Opuntia, kuningi ongaba nakho, njenge Ama-microdasys we-Opuntia noma i I-Opuntia littoralis, ngisho ne I-Opuntia ficus indica ukuthi, yize futhi kuhlasela, ukuphathwa kwayo ezingadini kuvunyelwe.

Ngiyethemba ibilusizo kuwe.