Emvelweni kunezimo nemibala eminingi ehlukene kangangokuthi akukho lutho olusimangazayo, akunjalo? Kungase kwenzeke kithi ukuthi, lapho sihamba ehlathini, singayitholi indlebe enamathele esiqwini. Ungakhathazeki, akuyona imuvi ethusayo. Yisikhunta sendlebe. Lesi sidalwa esiphilayo esinelukuluku sidonsa ukunaka okukhulu ngenxa yesimo saso esingavamile futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, siyadliwa!
Uma ungakezwa nge-ear fungus, usendaweni efanele. Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi iyini nokuthi ingayithola kuphi. Ngakho ungangabazi ukuqhubeka ufunda uma ufuna ukwazi.
Yini i-ear fungus?
Uma sikhuluma nge-ear fungus, asibhekiseli ku-pathology ye-fungal ethinta izindlebe zethu (nakuba nayo ikhona, yebo). Kuyisikhunta esithola igama lesayensi elithi I-Auricularia auricula-judae. Amanye amagama ajwayelekile eSpain yindlebe kaJudas, indlebe yomJuda kanye nendlebe yoboya. Yize kwezinye izindawo yaziwa nangokuthi i-wood ear, i-Banyi Yun Er Seaweed kanye nezindlebe zebhere. I I-Auricularia auricula-judae Kungokwe-oda i-Auriculariales kanye Kuyisikhunta esidliwayo se-basidiomycete.
Kodwa kungani ibizwa ngokuthi indlebe? Ithola leli gama elinelukuluku ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo, okuthi Ifana kakhulu neyendlebe yomuntu. Lesi sikhunta sizalwa ngendlela yegobolondo futhi sinombala onsundu omnyama. Ngokuvamile, ubuso bangaphakathi ngokuvamile buba mnyama kunobuso bangaphandle. Ngezinga lokuthi I-Auricularia auricula-judae njengoba ikhula, ithola ukufana okuphawulekayo nendlebe ngenxa yokugoqa okungavamile. Imajini ivamise ukushwabana. Ngokuqondene ne-sporocarp, eyaziwa nangokuthi umzimba othela izithelo, inokungaguquguquki kwe-gelatinous. Inamandla okukhipha amanzi emzimbeni lapho imvelo yomile, kodwa ngomswakama iphinde ibe nokunwebeka kwayo.
Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi isikhunta sendlebe sinezindawo zokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane, isetshenziswa kakhulu ezingeni le-gastronomic. Leli lungu lombuso we-Fungi liyadliwa. Eqinisweni, ku-oriental cuisine kuyaziswa kakhulu, yingakho itshalwa ezingodweni ezifile. Eqinisweni, ezindaweni zokudlela zaseShayina bakubiza ngokuthi "isikhunta esimnyama". Naphezu kokungabi nokunambitheka okuningi, ngokuvamile kudliwa kuluhlaza ukuze kuhlotshwe amasaladi, njengoba ukubukeka kwawo okuthakazelisayo kungabonakali. Kungabuye kulungiswe ngesobho noma kuthoswe. Uma kuziwa ekuyigcineni, ngokuvamile yenziwa yomile. Uma isicwilisiwe, i-ear fungus iphinda ibuyele esimweni sayo se-gelatinous.
Yiziphi isikhunta se-basidiomycete?
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, iyisikhunta se-basidiomycete. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Hhayi-ke, ingxenye yombuso uFungi lapho kukhona zonke lezo sikhunta ezine-basidiospores ezikhiqiza ngazo i-basidia. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amakhowe anobuthi, amakhowe e-hallucinogenic, amakhowe adliwayo, amakhowe e-gelatinous, isikhunta se-phytopathogenic (lezo ezihlasela izitshalo) kanye nesikhunta esidala inkwethu nezinye izifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-pityriasis versicolor.
Lesi sigaba yisona esaziwa kakhulu embusweni weFungi futhi siphinde savela kakhulu. Kuyo singathola izinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene:
- I-Agaricomycotina: Iqukethe izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20.000. Kuhlanganisa cishe wonke amakhowe adliwayo, ama-basidiomycete lichens, i-jelly fungus, namanye amaqembu amancane ama-yeasts. Le clade ihlanganisa ukhunta ezindlebeni.
- I-Pucciniomycotina: Iqukethe cishe izinhlobo ezingama-8400. Cishe zonke ziyisikhunta se-dimorphic.
- Ustilaginomycotin: Iqukethe cishe izinhlobo eziyi-1700. Ngokuvamile ziyizilokazane zezitshalo nezilwane ezincelisayo ezinemithambo yegazi. Ayaziwa nangokuthi ama-blights.
Iphi indlebe kaJudasi?
Manje njengoba sesazi ukuthi yini i-ear fungus, ungase ube nelukuluku lokuthola ukuthi ungayithola kuphi. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ngokuvamile ikhula ngamaqembu, ngakho-ke ukubonakala kwayo kuzoba lula. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi ngokuvamile ibonakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ekwindla, ngemva kwezimvula, singabuye siyibone ngezikhathi ezithile ehlobo noma entwasahlobo, kodwa kancane kancane. Ikhula emagatsheni afile naseziqwini. zezihlahla ezahlukene ezifana ne-broadleaf ne-coniferous, ezinye ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ama-oki kakhokho: Eyaziwa nangokuthi izihlahla zikakhokho. Zihlala ziluhlaza futhi zizalelwa endaweni esentshonalanga yeMedithera. Bona ifayela.
- Ubhanana: Izihlahla zikabhanana zitholakala e-Asia naseMelika. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlobisa. Bona ifayela.
- Abadala: Isihlahla esinamaqabunga e-Asia. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha isetshenziselwa ukudala ama-infusions. Bona ifayela.
- Izihlahla zikaphayini: Ubani ongawazi amaphayini? Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zalezi zihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha. Bona ifayela.
- Izihlahla zomlotha: Ikwazi ukufinyelela amamitha angamashumi amabili ukuphakama, izihlahla zomlotha ziyizihlahla ezinenani eliphakeme lokuhlobisa. Bona ifayela.
- negundo maple: Yaziwa nangokuthi imephu yaseMelika, ekhombisa umsuka wayo. Idume kakhulu ekuhlobiseni amapaki nezingadi. Bona ifayela.
Ukwazi ukubukeka, igama kanye nendawo ye-fungus yendlebe, ngincoma ukuthi ubheke ngokuzayo lapho uhamba ohambweni, ukuze ubone ukuthi ubona noma yikuphi lapho. Futhi ngincoma ukuthi uyizame ngokuzayo uma uya endaweni yokudlela yamaShayina.