Amaphayini ama-conifers athanda ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi angasetshenziswa njengothango lwe-windbreak noma ukuvikela ubumfihlo besiza. Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi izimpande zabo zivame ukukhula ngamamitha ambalwa ukusuka esiqwini, ziyizitshalo ezibukeka zizinhle engadini.
Futhi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zikaphayini. Ezinye izinhlobo ziye zatholwa zinezinga eliphansi, elilungele ukuhlobisa iziza ezincane.
I-Los Izihlahla zikaphayini Ziyi-evergreen conifers etholakala cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Iziqu zazo zivame ukusonteka njengoba iminyaka ihamba, futhi umqhele wazo cishe njalo uyindilinga kodwa awujwayelekile. Zingezinhlobo zohlobo lwePinus, esigqamisa kuzo lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
I-Pinus canariensis
UPinus canariensis - Isithombe - Wikimedia / UVictor R. Ruiz wase-Arinaga, eCanary Islands, eSpain
El uphayini we-canary kungokwemvelo, njengoba negama lalo kusikisela, kusuka eziqhingini zaseCanary. Kungumuthi ofinyelela kumamitha angama-40 ukuphakama, futhi lokho kukhulisa isiqu esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5 ububanzi amagxolo aso anombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo. Amaqabunga afana nalawo amanye amaphayini, acicular, futhi aphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-20 nangu-30 ubude.
UPinus cembra
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Crusier
El uphayini wamatshe, eyaziwa njengephayini cembra noma nje itshe, kuyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza kuze kufike kumamitha angama-25 ukuphakama owokuzalwa eYurophu Ephakathi. Kujwayelekile ukuthi lolu hlobo lube nezinaliti eziqoqwe ngo-5 ku-brachiblast yalo (okungaba yigatsha, lapho lihluma khona). Njengokulangazelela, kufanele wazi ukuthi kugcina ubudlelwano obukhetheke kakhulu ne-nutcracker ejwayelekile, ngoba nguyena ophethe, ngaphandle kokwazi, wokusabalalisa imbewu yaso ngokuzisusa esitshalweni somama nangokuzingcwaba ngokungafani amaphuzu.
I-Pinus halepensis
El Iphayini le-Aleppo Luhlobo lukaphayini olukhula esifundeni saseMedithera, lapho lutholakala khona nasemabhishi. Ifinyelela kumamitha angama-25 ukuphakama, futhi wethula isiqu esibuhlungu esinamagxolo amhlophe ampunga nomqhele ongajwayelekile. Izinaliti zihlukaniswe ngababili futhi ziguquguquka kalula.
UPinus mugo
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz
El uphayini wentaba Kuyinto ejwayelekile eYurophu Ephakathi, lapho ikhula khona ezintabeni eziphakeme ebangeni eliphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1500 2500 no-XNUMX XNUMX. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-20, futhi ithuthukisa isiqu esijiyile futhi esibuhlungu ngandlela thile esinomqhele oyindilinga. Izinaliti zalo ziluhlaza okotshani, ziqine kakhulu futhi zibukhali.
I-Pinus nigra
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Jclopezalmansa
El uphayini omnyama noma i-Salgareño pine njengoba ibizwa kanjalo, iyinhlobo edabuka eningizimu yeYurophu, ifinyelela eSpain, futhi itholakala naseNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia Minor. Ikhula phakathi kwamamitha amathathu kuya kwayishumi ukuphakama, futhi inesiqu esinamagxolo anombala onsundu onsundu noma ompunga omnyama. Izinaliti ziluhlaza okotshani ngombala, futhi zingamasentimitha ayi-8 kuye kwangama-20 ubude.
I-Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii
Yi-subspecies ekhula eSpain, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni esempumalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, nasenyakatho ntshonalanga ye-Afrika. Umehluko omkhulu yilokho kuyinto encane (sikala kufika kumamitha langu-40 ukuphakama) futhi imelana nesomiso kangcono kunezinhlobo zohlobo. Vele, e-Andalusia kuLuhlu Olubomvu lwezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa.
Isikhombi sePinus
Isithombe - Wikimedia / JMK
El Uphayini wasolwandle Kungumhlobo odabuka eningizimu yeYurophu, naseNyakatho Afrika lokho ikhula phakathi kwamamitha amane kuya kwayishumi ukuphakama, nesiqu esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,2 ububanzi. Amagxolo abomvu ngokusawolintshi, nomqhele wawo uvulekile futhi awujwayelekile. Izinaliti ziqoqwe ngababili ngababili, futhi ziphakathi kwamasentimitha ayishumi nangu-10 ubude.
I-Pinus pinea
Kuyinto uphayini wamatshe. Ekuqaleni kusuka esifundeni saseMedithera, ifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angama-50 noma ngaphezulu, ngokuba amamitha ayi-12 ejwayelekile, nesiqu esiqondile nesiwugqinsi amagxolo awo anombala onsundu ngokusawolintshi. Izinaliti zazo zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20 ubude, futhi zihluma emagatsheni avame ukusatshalaliswa ku-parasol.
I-Pinus ponderosa
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Walter Siegmund
Yaziwa njenge-ponderosa pine noma i-American royal pine, futhi iyisiqalo se-conifer esidabuka empumalanga ye-United States. Ikhula kakhulu phakathi kwamamitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-70 ukuphakama, futhi ingaba nezinaliti eziphakathi kuka-2 no-3 nge-brachiblast ngayinye. Amagxolo anombala onsundu, futhi izinaliti zawo zingamasentimitha ayi-15 ubude.
I-Pinus radiata
Isithombe - Wikimedia / RyanGWU82
El Iphayini yaseMonterrey, owaziwa nangokuthi uphayini waseCalifornia, uyisiqu esikhula eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-45, nesiqu sawo siqonde ngamagxolo ansundu ngokubomvu. Izinaliti zazo zingamasentimitha ayi-15 ubude, futhi ziluhlaza okotshani noma luhlaza okotshani ngombala.
UPinus sylvestris
El Iphayini yaseScots Kuyisixuku ukuthi ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-30. Luhlobo lukaphayini olukhula cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Isiqu saso siwugqinsi, silinganisa cishe ngamamitha amahlanu ububanzi, sinamagxolo abomvu ngokusawolintshi. Amaqabunga acicular, futhi aphakathi kwamasentimitha ama-5 kuya kwayi-3 ubude.
UPinus strobus
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Raffi Kojian
Iphayini laseCanada, elaziwa nangokuthi i-American white pine noma i-strobe pine, lingumdabu we-conifer ongasempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Ifinyelela kumamitha angama-40 ukuphakama, nesiqu sawo sijiya size sifike kumamitha ayi-1,5 ububanzi. Izinaliti zazo zinde, ziphakathi kwamasentimitha ayisithupha kuya kwayi-6.
UPinus thunbergii
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Σ64
Iphayini laseJapan iThunberg isitshalo esidabuka eJapane. Ifinyelela kumamitha angama-40 ukuphakama, noma ngabe kulinywa kuyivelakancane ukuthi yeqe amamitha ayi-15. Amaqabunga angama-acicular, futhi alinganisa phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-7 no-12.
Iluphi kulezi zinhlobo zikaphayini oluthanda kakhulu? Uma ucabanga ukutshala isihlahla sikaphayini, nansi ukukhethwa kwembewu ngezinye zezinhlobonhlobo esizibalulile kulesi sihloko.
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Ungayinisela nge-biostimulant, oyothola ukuthi iyathengiswa ezinkulisa. Kepha okuphuthuma kakhulu ukuselapha nge-fungicide yama-conifers, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi sinesifo esaziwa ngokuthi ukugqanyiswa kwama-conifers.
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