Ukunisela ngezikhukhula kungenye yezindlela zokunisela ezindala nezilula ezikhona. Kusukela kudala, abalimi bebesebenzisa le ndlela ukunisela izitshalo zabo, ukusizakala ngezikhukhula zemvelo zemifula nemifudlana ukumanzisa amazwe abo. Namuhla lisasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi emaphandleni nasezitshalweni ezithile ezifana nerayisi.
Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyindlela yokunisela yesidala, ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kusanikeza izinzuzo ezithile kunezindlela zesimanje, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemithombo yamanzi ephansi. Inhloso yalesi sihloko ukuchaza kabanzi kuyini ukuchelela ngezikhukhula, yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nobubi bakho, yiziphi izitshalo eziniselwa ngale ndlela kanye nendlela ukusebenza kahle kwakho kungathuthukiswa ngayo.
Kuyini ukuchelela ngezikhukhula?
Uma sikhuluma ngokunisela ngezikhukhula, sibhekisela endleleni yokunisela lapho amanzi asetshenziswa khona endaweni yokulima. egcwala umhlabathi okwesikhashana. Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho amanzi eningi futhi eshibhile, nalapho indawo iyisicaba.
Ukufaka ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwemisele noma imisele enhlabathini egcwele amanzi. Amanzi agcinwe ensimini isikhathi esimisiwe, ngokuvamile amahora ambalwa, kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi idonsa amanzi anele futhi umswakama usabalaliswa ngokulinganayo endaweni yezimpande zezitshalo. Amanzi abe esekhishwa bese ebuyiselwa emthonjeni wamanzi.
Izinzuzo nemibi
Ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kunezinzuzo kanye nokubi okubalulekile ukuthi kubhekwe lapho kunqunywa ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuchelela okufanele isetshenziswe. Lezi izi obunye bobuhle bale nqubo:
- Es kulula futhi ezishibhile ukusebenzisa, ikakhulukazi endaweni eyisicaba.
- Kuyadingeka ukugcinwa okuncane kanye nokusebenza.
- Es ephumelelayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, njengoba amanzi asetshenziswa ngqo emhlabathini futhi ukulahlekelwa kwawo ngenxa yokuhwamuka kuyagwenywa.
- Ungakwazi ukunikeza a ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo lamanzi asemhlabeni.
- Ingasetshenziselwa izitshalo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nelayisi, i-alfalfa, umoba, nezinye.
Nokho, umuntu kufanele acabangele Ububi balolu hlelo lokunisela. Zimi kanje:
- Kungaba anele Indawo enemimango noma inhlabathi engakhithi kahle.
- Kungabangela i ukunqwabelana kosawoti emhlabathini. Lokhu kungalimaza izitshalo futhi kunciphise ukukhiqiza.
- Kungaba kunzima ukulawula umthamo wamanzi okusebenza. Ngenxa yalokho, isicelo esingaphezu noma ngaphansi kungenzeka.
- Ngiyakwazi nomthelela ekungcolisweni kwamanzi nasekubhebhethekeni kwezifo zezitshalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanzi asetshenziselwa ukukhukhula ensimini angase abe namagciwane kanye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.
- Ingadinga i ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amaningi. Leli qiniso lingase lingasimami ezindaweni ezinokuntuleka kwamanzi noma lapho amanzi emba eqolo.
Yiziphi izitshalo eziniselwa ngezikhukhula?
Le ndlela yokuchelela ingasetshenziswa izitshalo ezahlukene. Okuvame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ilayisi: Kuyisitshalo esivumelana kahle kakhulu nokunisela ngezikhukhula, njengoba sidinga indawo enomswakama kakhulu ukuze sikhule kahle. Bona ifayela.
- Umoba: Ivamise ukuniselwa ngezikhukhula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi enobumba. Bona ifayela.
- I-Alfalfa: Esinye isilimo esingachelelwa ngale ndlela, njengoba izimpande zaso ezijulile zingafinyelela amanzi asele emhlabathini ngemva kokuba amanzi esephumile. Bona ifayela.
- Ubhontshisi: Ziyisitshalo esivame ukuniselwa ngezikhukhula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho amanzi emaningi futhi inhlabathi inamandla okubamba amanzi. Bona ifayela.
- Ukolweni: Ummbila nawo uyisitshalo esinganiselwa ngale ndlela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi enobumba egcina amanzi kahle. Bona ifayela.
- Imifino enamahlamvu aluhlaza: Imifino eminingi enamahlamvu, njengolethisi, isipinashi, ne-kale, inganiselwa ngezikhukhula. Nokho, ukunakekelwa kubalulekile ukugwema ukusabalala kwamagciwane ngokusebenzisa amanzi okunisela.
Ngokuvamile, ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kulungele izitshalo kuno Babekezelela umswakama emhlabathini futhi abathinteki kabi ngokuqoqwa kukasawoti.
Indlela yokwenza ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kusebenze kahle?
Ukwenza ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kusebenze kahle, kubalulekile Cabangela izici ezithile ezibalulekile. Nawa amasu angasetshenziswa:
- Lawula inani lamanzi asetshenzisiwe: Kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa imigudu yokunisela evumela ukulungisa inani lamanzi agelezayo ensimini, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokugeleza kanye nezinhlelo zokulinganisa ingcindezi.
- Gcina iphansi lisesimweni esihle: Umhlabathi olungiswe kahle osezingeni futhi ongenalo ukhula nezinye izithiyo ungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amanzi asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke insimu. Futhi, uma inesakhiwo esihle ingavumela ukumuncwa okungcono nokugcinwa kwamanzi.
- Gwema ukulahlekelwa amanzi: Ngokugwema amanzi amaningi ngeke silahlekelwe kakhulu emanzini agelezayo nasezindaweni ezingafuneki. Ama-containment booms nawo angasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amanzi ahlala endaweni oyifunayo.
- Lawula ikhwalithi yamanzi: Amanzi asezingeni eliphansi angaba nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye nokukhiqiza izitshalo. Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lamanzi kungenziwa ukuze kutholwe ukuthi anosawoti yini, i-pH nezinye izimiso.
- Sebenzisa Izindlela Zokunisela Ezihambisanayo: Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokunisela ngezikhukhula, izindlela zokunisela ezengeziwe zingasetshenziswa, njenge ukuchelela ngenkasa, ukuchelela ngenkasa, nezinye izindlela zokuchelela. Ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuchelela kungasiza ukunciphisa inani lamanzi adingekayo ukuze unisele insimu, futhi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukugcwala kukasawoti emhlabathini.
Njengoba ubona, ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kuyisimiso esinezici eziningi okufanele zicatshangelwe. Ukukhetha indlela engcono kakhulu kuya ngesimo sezwe kanye nohlobo lwezitshalo esinazo.