Shin kun taɓa ganin wasu ƙananan furanni waɗanda suka zama gungu kuma suna rataye a jikin bishiyoyi? Suna da ban sha'awa kuma suna da kyau sosai. An san su da catkins. Idan baku san menene su ba, ina ba ku shawarar ku ci gaba da karantawa.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu bayyana abin da catkins suke da kuma yadda suke pollinate. Bugu da ƙari, za mu ambaci wasu kayan lambu waɗanda za mu iya samun waɗannan furanni masu kyau a cikinsu.
Menene catkins?
Bari mu fara da bayanin abin da catkins suke. A matakin Botanical an bayyana su azaman saitin furanni waɗanda, gabaɗayansu, suna samar da karu ko tari na furanni da yawa waɗanda ke tattare da juna. Catkins yawanci ba su da jinsi, wato mace ko namiji, kuma suna rataye. Furanni ne masu sauƙi waɗanda ba su da sepals ko petals. Matan an rage su zuwa ga kyama, yayin da mazan kuma a rage su.
Gabaɗaya, catkins furanni ne na wasu nau'ikan bishiyoyi. Waɗannan yawanci suna cikin nau'o'i masu zuwa:
- Birch (betula)
- Poplars (Yawan mutane)
- Alders (Alnus)
- Hazelnuts (Corylus)
- Kirji (castane)
- Holm itacen oak (kercus ilex)
- itacen willow (Salix)
Ko da yake gaskiya ne cewa furanni ne masu ban sha'awa, a wasu nau'ikan bishiyoyi ba za a iya ganin su ba sai an yi amfani da binoculars. tun da sun taso a cikin mafi girman ɓangaren kayan lambu. Wannan yana faruwa, alal misali, a cikin yanayin alba alba, wanda aka sani da ita farin poplar.
Kamar yadda aka saba, furanni suna taimakawa da yawa yayin da ake gano nau'ikan tsire-tsire daban-daban. Haka ma catkins, wanda wani lokacin ma suna da launuka masu haske. Godiya gare su, zai iya zama da sauƙi a gare mu mu gano wasu nau'in bishiyoyi.
Yaya ake pollinated catkins?
A lokacin pollination, furanni maza, waɗanda galibi ana haɗa su a cikin catkins, suna da alhakin samar da pollen da ke hidima don takin ovary na furannin mata. Don haka, duka jinsin biyu suna fure a lokuta daban-daban: yayin da maza suke fure a watan Oktoba, mace ba ta yin fure har sai Janairu, aƙalla a yanayin hazelnuts. Ta haka ne furannin maza suke girma kuma idan sun girma, furannin mata suna buɗewa don samun nasarar aiwatar da hadi.
Game da aikin pollination kanta, yawanci ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar iska. Iskar tana ɗaukar miliyoyin ƙananan ƙwayar pollen da catkins ke samarwa har zuwa abin kunya. Bayan wannan tsari, bututun pollen ya fara girma har sai ya kai ga tushen abin kunya. Don haka yana shiga lokacin hutu wanda yawanci yana tsakanin watanni hudu zuwa biyar. Bayan wannan lokacin, ana ci gaba da girma har zuwa ƙarshe pollen ya ƙare har takin ovule. Dangane da hazelnut, alal misali, bangon ovary shine harsashi na hazelnut kuma iri shine ainihin amfrayo. Wannan yana tasowa har sai ya zama 'ya'yan hazelnut.
Wadanne tsire-tsire suke da catkins?
Ko a cikin lambun ko a tsakiyar yanayi, akwai damar da yawa don ganin waɗannan furanni masu ban sha'awa. A gaba za mu yi magana game da nau'ikan bishiyoyi guda huɗu daban-daban waɗanda catkins suka yi fice don kyawun su, don haka suna shahara sosai a cikin lambuna na jama'a da masu zaman kansu.
White willow (Salisu alba)
Bishiyar da ke da kyawawan katkin itace farin willow, wanda kuma aka sani da shi Salisu alba. A wannan yanayin an kafa su ta hanyar tsawo da kuma haihuwarsa yana faruwa a cikin bazara.
Za mu iya samun farar willow a Asiya, a Turai da kuma a Arewacin Afirka. Duk da haka, itaciya ce da mutane suka shuka a wurare daban-daban tsawon dubban shekaru, don haka a zahiri ba zai yiwu a faɗi ainihin abin da yankinsa yake ba. Dukansu a cikin tsibirin Balearic da kuma a cikin Peninsula abu ne da aka saba samunsa kuma yana warwatse sosai.
Holm itacen oak (Nanda nanx ilex)
Hakanan itacen oak, wanda aka sani da Nanda nanx ilex, yana da wasu kyan kyan gani mai daraja na launin rawaya da launin ocher. Furen sa suna fitowa a cikin bazara kuma an haɗa su cikin rataye.
Itacen itacen oak shine itacen da Ana samunsa a ko'ina cikin yankin na Tekun Bahar Rum. Duk da haka, da subspecies Quercus ballota Ya wanzu a ko'ina cikin yankin Iberian, yana da yawan jama'a a ciki. A maimakon haka, da subspecies Nanda nanx ilex Maimakon haka, ana rarraba shi a wuraren da ke kusa da Cantabrian da Bahar Rum, daga tsibirin Balearic da Catalonia zuwa Almería. Abin sha'awa, a yankunan, inda bangarorin biyu subspecies zoba, matasan bishiyoyi, diluting da bambance dabiu na biyu subspecies.
Azurfa birch (Tushen pendula)
Wani bishiyar da ke da catkins masu daraja shine birch na azurfa ko Tushen pendula. A wannan yanayin, catkins maza ne kuma suna wucewa daga Maris zuwa Mayu har sai an saki pollen yayin da ganyen ganye suka fara buɗewa. Madadin haka, catkins na mata suna nuna sama kuma gajeru ne. Bayan pollination, lokacin da tsaba suka fara girma, sun fara ratayewa.
Azurfa birch Ana rarraba shi a ko'ina cikin arewacin Maroko, yammacin Asiya da kusan dukkanin Turai. Duk da haka, a cikin Iberian Peninsula ya fi yawa daga Galicia zuwa Pyrenees.
Farin poplaralba alba)
A ƙarshe ya rage don haskaka farin poplar, ko alba alba. Furancinta na mata suna yin tsayi, rataye bouquets, waɗanda suke catkins. Waɗannan suna da kauri sosai kuma yawanci suna fitowa a cikin mafi girman ɓangaren bishiyar.
Za mu iya samun farin poplar a Arewacin Afirka, a Yammacin Asiya da tsakiya da kudancin Turai. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in arboreal a matsayin kayan ado ko don sake mamaye wasu wurare. A cikin Iberian Peninsula, farin poplar yana tsiro a kusan dukkanin yankuna ta dabi'a. Ban da yankunan da ke da ruwan sanyi na arewa maso yamma da gabar tekun Cantabrian. Duk da haka, a cikin tsibirin Balearic an yi la'akari da cewa an gabatar da wannan nau'in.
Yanzu da muka san abin da catkins suke da kuma inda za mu same su, za mu iya duba lokaci na gaba da za mu yi yawo. Tabbas zai kasance da sauƙi a gare mu mu gano bisa ga irin nau'in itace.