Araliaceae

Mhuri Araliaceae Iyo inoumbwa neanosvika makumi mashanu genera uye ingori pasi pezviuru zana, mune ayo anowanikwa zvirimwa zvakajairika seiyo ivyla chef and the aralia, uye zvimwe zvakare zvinozivikanwa asi zvishoma zvinorimwa mugadheni, senge ginseng. Hunhu hwakajairika hwezvirimwa zvemhuri iyi mashizha emuchindwe uye inflorescences akaumbwa emberi.

Zvizhinji zvemhuri Araliaceae Iwo miti ine kutaridzika kwakanyanya kuoneka, asi ayo anoomesa matavi mazhinji kana atumbuka. Neichi chikonzero, mazhinji eaya akakurwa ndiwo masango, aine mashoma chete emiti inokatyamadza. Tevere tichaona hunhu uye kuchengetwa kweimwe yemiti yemhuri iyi anonyanya kushandiswa kugadheni.

aralia elata (zvakajairika aralia)

Mhando iyi inokura ichiumba shrub ine deciduous ine matavi akamira chaizvo, akafanana chaizvo pakuonekwa kune ailanthus kana sumac. Mashizha awo akabatanidzwa bipinnateMune mamwe mazwi, shizha rega rega rakazara rinoumbwa ne "davi" kubva "mamwe" matavi "anobuda (sebhonzo rehove), ayo anobuda mapepa (anonzi pinnae kana mapepa). Izvo zvinoda kuziva kuti mashizha, zvirimwa zvinopa zita kumhuri Araliaceae akasiyana zvakanyanya nemamwe marudzi ese. Ma inflorescence ayo haana kunyanyisa kuratidza, kunyangwe ari iwo paanozadzwa nemichero mutsvuku. Hazviwanzo kusvika 5m pakukwirira. Icho chizvarwa che Japan neKorea, uko kunoshandiswa sekudya.

Izvi zvakanyanya hazvishandiswe zvakanyanya kuSpain, asi zvinoshandiswa kune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, uye kune akawanda ma cultivars ane variegated mashizha. Chikonzero cheichi ndechekuti kunyangwe ichitsungirira tembiricha iri padyo ne -30ºC (yakakwana kuti ikure munzvimbo zhinji dzeEurope), haitakure zvakanyanya kupisa uye nekushaikwa kwehunyoro hwezvakatipoteredza. Iwe unoda ivhu iro rinogara riine hunyoro asi rakanyoroveswa, kunyangwe iwe usina hanya zvakanyanya nezve pH kana kugadzirwa.

Cussonia paniculata (mugomo kabichi muti)

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Iyo shrub kana diki diki matavi michero inosvika pamamirimita matatu kana mashanu, zvinoenderana nesubpecies. Hunde yayo iri gobvu, kunyanya pazasi, ine bark rinotyisa. Inogara kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, kune zvese South Africa nekumaodzanyemba kweBotswana. Inongova nemashizha, ayo akakura kwazvo, kumagumo ematavi. Mashizha acho ane michindwe, yakasvibira kana bhuruu muvara. Subspecies paniculata idiki, ine mashizha akatsetseka, uye inongowanikwa muEastern Cape. Iyo sinnuata subspecies yakakura, ine mashizha akadzama uye kugoverwa kukuru. Inflorescence yayo inoita kunge nzeve dzechibage dzakabatwa nezvimiti zvinobuda kumagumo kwematavi.

Inotsvagirwa gadheni remugwenga nekuda kwechitarisiko chayo chekuda kuziva uye nekupokana kwayo nechando (kusvika kuma -7ºC), kupisa uye kusanaya kwemvura. Izvo zvakare zvinonakidza kwazvo kune caudiciform kuunganidzwa nekuda kweiyo caudex iyo inogadzira iyo vachiri vadiki. Unoda chaizvo kunyorova ivhu risingachengete mvura yakawandisa. Iyo inosarudza kuve muzere zuva, asi inoshivirira imwe mumvuri.

Cussonia spicata (kabichi muti)

Rudzi urwu runokura kuva muti muhombe (unosvika pamamirimita gumi nemashanu pakureba), mumwe wehukuru hwemhuri yese. Araliaceae. Vane matavi akati wandei, kunyangwe akajeka matavi, chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika mumhuri iyi. Mashizha awo akapetwa kaviri muchindwe (mumwe muchindwe mashizha kubva kumagumo kweumwe "chigunwe"), akajeka girini muvara. Hunde yacho ine makwati matete, asi inova gobvu. Iyo inflorescences yakafanana chaizvo neiyo ye C. paniculata, asi zvidiki uye zvakawandisa. Gara iyo nzvimbo dzine hunyoro muSouth-Africa.

Haisi kushandiswa zvakanyanya muSpain nekuti haimiriri kutonhora kwazvo (kusvika kuma -2ºC) uye kunyangwe munzvimbo dzemahombekombe zvinowanzo svika kukura hukuru. Inoda kugara ichidiridzwa, kunyanya kana ichiri diki. Izvo hazvidi zvakanyanya nevhu, kunyangwe ichivasarudzira ine yakanaka drainage.

fatsia japonica (ChiJapanese aralia)

Inova gwenzi rinokwana 2 kana 3m kukwirira uye rakati kurei zvishoma kana riri zuva rakazara. Iine mashizha emuchindwe akasvibira uye akasviba. Kune akawanda variegated varimi, anonyanya kutsvakwa mushure mekuva 'variegata' uye 'dandemutande dandemutande'. Muti uyu unowanzo kuumbwa nemadzinde akawanda asina kubhururuka anobuda pachigadziko, aine mashizha pamwe chete nematavi ese, kunze kwekufananidzira kwekare kunongova nemagumo chete. Ma inflorescence ayo akafanana neevy, asi globose yakawanda. Dambudziko kuJapan.

Imwe yemiti inoshandiswa zvakanyanya semuti wepamba, asi inokura zvirinani kunze, kwainofarira kuve mune semi-mumvuri, asi inotsungirira kubva pamumvuri wakazara kusvika kuzere zuva. Inofarira inotonhorera uye inonaya zhizha, saka munzvimbo dzinodziya zviri nani kuisimudza mumumvuri. Nezve iyo substrate, iwe unoda kuti igare yakanyorova asi isina kunyorova, saka inoda yakanaka yekudonha. Inogona kukura mune chero ivhu, asi hairegerere zvakare jecha kana rakanyanya kukwirira pH ivhu zvakanaka. Inomira tembiricha padyo ne -10ºC.

Hedera helix (ivy)

Imwe yedzinonyanya kushandiswa michero yekukwira mugadheni. Mhando dzesango dzinogona kukwira kusvika pamamirimita gumi pakureba (kana kukwirira sekutsigira kwadzo, kwadzinokochekera nemidzi inoshamisira), kwadzinotanga kuisa matavi makobvu, ichigadzira mhando yemukombe uye kutumbuka. Iine mhando mbiri dzemashizha, webbed, inowanika pamakwenzi ekukwira, uye mamwe echimiro chakaita sekirisiki akawanikwa pamashanga emaruva. Kune ese marudzi emarimi, ane mashizha emhando dzakasiyana uye mavara, uye nemhando nhatu dzekukura: iyo yemuti mukuru, yakafanana neyomusango; chirimwa chevechidiki (ivo vanochengetedza chimiro cheyenyowani yemusango yemakore akati wandei pahupenyu hwavo hwese), ayo ari maruva madiki anoshandiswa semuti unorembera; nemakwenzi, anogara achikura sematavi anotumbuka. Iwo inflorescences mamwe eglobose umbels, ane machena maruva, uye anowanzo kuwanikwa chete mukorona. Iine nzvimbo yakakura yekugovera, ese ekumaodzanyemba nekumadokero kweEurope, kuchamhembe kweAfrica neAsia, kubva kuIndia kuenda kuJapan.

Iyo inoshandiswa zvese mukati nekunze, asi inogara ichikura zvirinani kunze, uko kwainoita matangi anoshamisa. Iwo matavi ekukwira anofarira kuve mune semi-mumvuri, asi kana iwe uchida kuti izadzwe nemaruva, zvirinani muzere izere, kwainozoita matavi emaruva mukati memuti wese. Miti yemaruva kazhinji haiite maruva uye inokura zvakanyanya musemi-mumvuri. Izvo hazvisi zvekuda nemhando yevhu kana mamiriro ekunze, kunyangwe zvichikurudzirwa kuidiridza munzvimbo dzakaoma, kunyanya kana isiri mumumvuri, kunyangwe ichitsungirira kusanaya kwemvura. Kutonhora kuomarara kunoenderana nembeu, asi kazhinji kushivirira tembiricha pazasi -10ºC, kunyangwe iine kukuvara kana vakafumurwa nemhepo uye chando.

X Fatshedera lizei (aralia ivy)

Iyo inowanzo kutengeswa munzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzinozivikanwa seyivy. Chaizvoizvo iri chemasanganiswa Hedera helix y fatsia japonica, kubatanidza kukura kwevaviri. Iine mashizha ewebhu akafanana neivy, asi akavhurika. Izvo zvinoitika neayo inflorescences. Inokura kuita shrub ine matavi ekuchema, akafanana nebramble kana bougainvillea. Inogona kuve semuti unokwira, asi uchafanirwa kunge wakasungwa, nekuti hauburitse chero rutsigiro. Iko kune akati wandei miriwo, asi akajairika ari girini uye variegated, ayo anowanzo tengeswa zvidiki.

Yechengetedzo yakafanana neiyo fatsia japonica: semi-mumvuri. -10ºC hushoma...

Panax ginseng (ginseng)

Izvi zvidiki zvidiki uye zvisingaonekwe zvirimwa, izvo zvinowanzove zvisingasviki mana kana mashanu mashizha anobuda muvhu. Chinhu chega chinokatyamadza pamusoro pemuti uyu ndiwo mudzi wawo muhombe unogona kuva nehunhu hwevanhu (asi kwete hwakawanda semandirake). Haisi kushandiswa kugadheni, asi inoshandiswa semushonga wekurapa. Mashizha awo akapetwa muchindwe uye inflorescence yaro globose umbel yemaruva machena. Chibereko chayo chitsvuku. Inokura munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzeAsia.

Kana zviri zvekutarisirwa, inoda ivhu rakasununguka rine dhiraini yakanaka kukudziridza mudzi zvakanaka, iine pH yakati wandei. Inomira tembiricha pazasi -20ºC (kusvika kuma -40ºC kana ikaramba yakaoma, zvikasadaro inoora), asi kwete kupisa. Iyo zvakare haitsigire yakananga zuva, saka inoda kukura mumumvuri kana semi-mumvuri. Nezve kudiridza, inogara ichida imwe humidity mune iyo substrate, asi haigone kumira kumisidzana nemvura.

Pseudopanax ferox

Chimiro chinoda kuziva kwazvo, endemic kuNew Zealand, iyo inogona kutorwa seimwe ye miti isingawanzowaniki pasi rose. Inotanga nekugadzira hunde yakatwasuka, isina matavi, kubva kune ayo marefu, matete, brownish, akaomarara mashizha ane minzwa anobuda. Pazera regumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu, kana iri inenge 10m kureba, inotanga kubazi uye kukura mapfupi uye akapamhamha mashizha, isina minzwa, isina kuomarara uye ine hunyoro hwakanyanya hue. Kana ikangowana hunhu uhu, inogona kutanga kutumbuka, ichiumba globose inflorescences inoenda isingazivikanwe. Inosvika pakureba kwe15m. Icho chikonzero chekukura kusinganzwisisike chinogadzirirwa kudzivirira kudyiwa nema moas, shiri hombe dzakafanana neanenge atsakatika emus.

Inoda substrate ine yakanaka drainage, asi kunyangwe kuoneka kwayo kuchiratidzira neimwe nzira, haina kumira kusanaya kwemvura, inoda iyo substrate iyo inogara iri nyoro. Inogona kunge izere nezuva kana semi-mumvuri. Kunyangwe inomira tembiricha padyo ne -10ºC, inoda kuchengetedzwa kubva kumhepo inotonhora.

schefflera arboricola (chef)

Imwe yakajairika imba yekudyara. Kunze, kwakasimwa muvhu, inoumba gwenzi hombe, rakapetana mamamita uye ingangoita mamita mana paupamhi, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzinopisa dzinova muti. Mashizha awo ane palmatic-macomputer, akasvibira girini, kunyange hazvo variegated eximens anowanzo kutengeswa, aine akajeka girini mashizha ane yero mavara. Inokura seyakajairika shrub, ine matavi matavi kubva pasi zvakanyanya. Iyo inflorescence ipanicles inobuda zvakasarudzika, ine maruva yeyero uye zvidiki zvidiki-zvine michero. Native kuTaiwan neHainan.

Izvo zvinomera zvinodzivirira izvo zvinokwanisa kumira mhando dzese dzevhu, kunyangwe vachida zvinomera zvakanyoroveswa. Iyo zvakare inoshivirira kusanaya uye yakawandisa mvura. Inogona kuve zvese muzuva rose uye mune semi-mumvuri. Mumumvuri wakazara unowanzopona makore mashoma, asi haukure zvakanaka. Nezve kupisa kutonhora, inobata zvishoma zvishoma pane -3ºC, asi nekukuvara, uye chando chinopisa mashizha.

Schefflera actinophylla (octopus muti)

senge S. arboricolaZvakajairika senge chirimwa chemukati, asi izvi zvakajairika kuona kunze munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. Inova muti wepakati nepakati une matavi mashoma, akareba kupfuura akafara. Mashizha awo ari emichindwe-akabatanidzwa, asi aine zvishoma inopfuura gumi yakaturika uye hombe "minwe" (mapepa), izvo zvinoita kuti zvionekwe zvinokatyamadza uye zvinopisa. Iwo inflorescence akakura radial tende-kunge panicles ane maruva epingi, ayo anoipa zita reiyo octopus muti. Inokura mumasango anonaya mvura eAustralia, New Guinea, uye Java.

Inoda ivhu rakanyoroveswa uye nemvura yakawanda ichiri diki. Iyo inoshivirira mumwe mumvuri, asi inosarudza kuve izere izere zuva, inokodzera nekupisa uye kwakanyanya mwando. Mune dzidziso inogona kubata kusvika -3ºC, asi ichitonhora kune iyo base painongodonha pazasi -1ºC, saka zvinokurudzirwa chete kuti zvikure mumamiriro ekunze pasina chando.

Cold inodzivirira chefleras

Kunyangwe zvisingawanzo kurimwa uye zvichitengeswa nemitengo yakakwira, kune mhando zhinji dzevabiki dzinopesana zvakanyanya nechando. Mazhinji emhando idzi makwenzi kana zvidiki zvidiki zvine matavi ane michina yemichindwe nemashizha akanaka, asi kune mamwe, akadai Schefflera macrophylla, ine mashizha anopfuura 1m kureba uye akakura kwazvo mapepa. Vanowanzo gara makore masango munzvimbo dzakakwirira.

Ivo vanowanzoda ivhu rakanyoroveswa-zvinogara zvichichengetwa zvinyoro uye mimwe mumvuri. Uye zvakare, kazhinji, ivo havashiviriri kupisa kunze kwekunge paine hunyoro hwakanyanya, asi hwakawanda kutsungirira tembiricha pazasi -10ºC.

Tetrapanax papyrifer

Imwe yemiti iyo yatichagara tichiwana mu kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze tropical mapindu. Iwo mudiki, mudiki kwazvo matavi emuti haawanzo kudarika 4m pakureba. Iine bark rinotsemuka rinotsemuka, asi kufarira kwaro kuri mumashizha ayo akakura ane webhu. Iyo yose chirimwa chakafukidzwa muvelvet inouya ichibata uye inokonzeresa kukosora kana yafemerwa. Kana kubazi kukura kwemashizha kuchideredzwa, saka zvinowanzokurudzirwa kusiya bazi rimwe chete. Muzvirimwa zvevanhu vakuru, zvirimwa zvitsva zvinobuda mumidzi, saka zvinogona kuva zvinokanganisa. Icho chimwe chezvirimwa zvishoma zvemhuri Araliaceae kusarudza, kunowanikwa kuTaiwan.

Vanoda substrate inonyorovesa inogara yakanyorova, uye kunyangwe ivo vachishivirira mumwe mumvuri, vanosarudza kuve muzere zuva. Vanomira kupisa zvakanaka, uye tembiricha pedyo ne -10ºC. Vanobata huwandu hwakasiyana hwepH, asi muvhu rekutanga ivo vanowanzo simbi chlorosis.

Iyi ndiyo zvirimwa zvinonyanya kurimwa zvemhuri Araliaceae, kunyangwe paine zvimwe zvakawanda zvinonakidza kwazvo. Waivaziva vese here? Kana iwe waifarira imwe, ini ndinokukoka iwe kuti uitenge, kune akawanda mawebhusaiti anovatengesa iwo pamutengo wakanaka.