Hibiscus

Los hibiscusNgubani ongazaziyo? Imithana eneentyatyambo ezinokukwenza uphuphe ... ziyamangalisa! Ngamagqabi amakhulu, kunye nemibala eyahlukileyo kakhulu, kukho imihlanganisela engaphezulu nangaphezulu. Kwaye yile, zizityalo ezinombulelo kakhulu ezinokuthi ziqhakaze unyaka wonke kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, okanye kude kube kokwindla kwiindawo ezipholileyo. Zidume kakhulu kwizitiya apho sinokuzifumana khona iindlela ezingqonge umda, okanye zityalwe ngokwamaqela amabini okanye amathathu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zommandla, oko ke kudala umbala ogqabhukileyo ixesha elininzi lonyaka.

Kwabaninzi, eyona ngxaki inkulu kukuba iintyatyambo zabo zihlala kancinci: iintsuku ezi-1-2. Kodwa ezi zityalo zivelisa ubuninzi bazo kangangokuba into yokuba igcinwe ivulekile okwexeshana alibalulekanga.

Yintoni i-hibiscus?

IHibiscus luhlobo lwezihlahla okanye imithi emincinci ethi ichazwe malunga ne-150 yeendidi. Zonke zizalwe kwimimandla eshushu, ngakumbi kuMazantsi mpuma eAsia. Ukuphakama kwayo kuyahluka ukusuka kwi-50 cm ukuya kwi-4-5 yeemitha, kwaye unamagqabi amanye, i-ovate okanye i-lanceolate, phantse rhoqo kunye nomda onamanzi

Iintyatyambo zayo ngokubanzi zikhulu; phofu ezinye zingaphezulu kweesentimitha ezili-15 ubukhulu. Bodwa, bavutha, kwaye babonakala bodwa okanye ngokwamaqela. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo, ngakumbi isilimo, banokuba nesithsaba seentyatyambo okanye ezimbini. Kwaye umbala, ukwahluka kakhulu: kukho tyheli, pinki, bomvu, orenji, kunye neentyatyambo zebicolor. Zidubula entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.

Iindidi zeHibiscus

IHibiscus esetyenziswa kakhulu zezi:

IHibiscus moscheutos

El IHibiscus moscheutos Sisityalo esingapheliyo esinesiqu esimi nkqo nesipapashiweyo esizalelwa eMntla Melika. Ifikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-2,5 yeemitha. Amagqabi akwiisentimitha ezili-10-18 ubude ngeesentimitha ezi-4-8 ububanzi. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe, zipinki, zibomvu okanye zimfusa ngombala ubomvu, kwaye balinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezili-14 ububanzi. Ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi -4ºC.

Apha unayo imbewu.

IHibiscus rosa-sinensis

El IHibiscus rosa-sinensis, eyaziwa njenge cayenne, poppy, hibiscus okanye China rose, lolona hlobo luthandwayo. Inzalelwane yeMpuma yeAsia, kwaye ihlala iziphethe njengokuqaqamba kodwa ukuba imozulu ifudumele ngokwaneleyo ihlala iluhlaza okomhlaza okanye iluhlaza. Ifikelela kubude obuziimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5, kwaye inamagqabi aluhlaza ajika abe tyheli ekwindla. Iintyatyambo ziphakathi kwe-6 ne-12 cm ububanzi, kwaye zinokuba nemibala eyahlukeneyo (tyheli, bomvu, pinki, orenji), nesithsaba esinye okanye ezibini zepetal. Iyamelana nengqele kude kube ngu- -2ºC.

IHibiscus sabdariffa

El IHibiscus sabdariffa Sisityalo sonyaka esizalelwa kwi-tropical Afrika. Yaziwa njengentyatyambo yaseJamaica, i-Abyssinian rose, i-saril, i-Guinea ebomvu kunye ne-rosella. Ifikelela kubude be-1 ukuya kwi-3 yeemitha, kwaye ine-lobed enzulu, amagqabi aluhlaza amnyama. Ivelisa iintyatyambo ezibomvu, iisentimitha ezi-4-5 ubukhulu. Inqaba ukuya kwi -2ºC.

Fumana imbewu apha.

IHibiscus syriacus

El IHibiscus syriacus Yisihlahla esinqumlayo esizalelwa e-Asiya, esaziwa njenge-rose yaseSyria, i-altea, irharnate emhlophe, i-arboreal marshmallow okanye i-Seville royal mallow. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-2 ne-4, kwaye ikhule amagqabi aluhlaza kwaye iintyatyambo ezinkulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezili-10 ubukhulu. Ezi zinokuba nemibala eyahlukileyo: pinki, mhlophe, bomvu, zulu, njl. Ukumelana ukuya kwi -4ºC.

Thenga iimbewu.

IHibiscus tiliaceus

El IHibiscus tiliaceus Ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza okhula kwimimandla eshushu ye Southeast Asia ne Australia. Ukuphakama kwayo ziimitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-10, kwaye inamagqabi aluhlaza alula, kwaye iintyatyambo eziqala zi-orenji zize ziphele zibomvu ekupheleni kosuku. Ayimelani neqabaka.

Yintoni na?

Ezi zityalo zinezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo:

Umhlobiso

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, lolona hlobo lusetyenziswayo. Iintyatyambo zeHibiscus ziyabonakalisa kangangokuba nokuba zihlala zivulekile okwexeshana zilungele ukuhombisa igadi okanye ithala. Ukongeza, ezi zityalo ziqhelana kakuhle neembiza, ke kuyathakazelisa ukuba nazo kwibhalkoni.

Isondlo

Iintlobo IHibiscus sabdariffa Utyiwa njengomfuno. Ukulungiswa kwe-Herbal kunye nejam nazo ziyalungiswa. KwiLatin America zisebenzisa iintyatyambo zazo ukwenza into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-agua de Jamaica; nase-Egypt ukwenza i-carcadé, ukumnika.

Unyango

Olunye usetyenziso olunomdla kakhulu lonyango. Ngenxa yoku, iintyatyambo ze IHibiscus sabdariffa ukwenza ukumnika. Ngaba baneempawu zokuchasana nokudumba.

Iziqholo

Imbewu ye IHibiscus moscheutos zivumba kamnandiKe, zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqholo, ukukhupha ioyile.

Ukunyamekela i-hibiscus enamanzi kunye negadi

Ukugcina iHibiscus ikwimeko egqibeleleyo, izinto ezininzi kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo:

Ubicación

Ezi zityalo kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo eqaqambileyo. Umzekelo, ngaphakathi kufuneka zigcinwe kwigumbi apho kukho iifestile apho kungena khona ilanga; Ngaphandle banokubanakho kwilanga elipheleleyo nakwisithunzi esimnyama.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yeentyatyamboKucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uxube i-peat kunye ne-substrate enje nge-perlite ukuphucula umjelo. Ukuba awufuni kuba nzima kakhulu, sebenzisa i-substrate yendalo iphela, enje ngale.
• Jadini: bafuna umhlaba ukuba utyebe, kwaye uhluthe amanzi. Bangakhula kwimihlaba yodongwe ngaphandle kwengxaki, kodwa ukuba unomhlaba onzima kakhulu okanye odibeneyo, gcwalisa umngxunya nge-substrate yendalo yonke.

Unkcenkceshelo

Azizizo izityalo ezijamelana nembalela. Oku kuthetha ukuba Kuya kufuneka sibankcenkceshele malunga ne-3 ngeveki ngehlobo, 1 okanye 2 ngeveki unyaka wonke.

Xa kuziwa ekubavuseleleni kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuba ungamanzisi iintyatyambo ukuba unazo, njengoko bezizonakalisa ngaphambi kwexesha labo.

Umbhalisi

Ukubenza ukuba bavelise iintyatyambo ezininzi ngexesha lonyaka, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubachumise ngesichumisi esivuselela iintyatyamboUmzekelo ngesichumisi esingamanzi kwizityalo zeentyatyambo (kwintengiso apha). Ngoku, ukuba sisityalo esizakusetyenziselwa iinjongo ezinokutyiwa, sicebisa ukusebenzisa izichumisi zendalo ezinje ngeguano (ziyathengiswa apha) umgquba, amaqokobhe amaqanda, njl.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-Hibiscus iphindaphindwe ngokusikwa okanye ngembewu entwasahlobo:

• Ukusika: Kuthathwe amasebe semi-Woody anobude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30, kwaye isiseko similiselwe ngehomoni yokuxhasa (iyathengiswa apha), kungcono ulwelo kodwa kunokuba ngumgubo. Emva koko, zityalwa embizeni encinci, malunga neesentimitha eziyi-8,5 ububanzi, kunye ne-substrate yezithole okanye i-vermiculite yangaphambili. Okokugqibela, okusaza kwenziwa kukubeka imbiza kwindawo enomthunzi, kwaye uzame ukugcina umhlaba ufumile. Ngale ndlela iya kuthatha ingcambu malunga neentsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-20.
• Imbewu: ezinye iintlobo zanda ngcono ngembewu. Oku kutyalwa ngeembiza, umzekelo, i-substrate yendalo iphela, kwaye emva koko ishiywe ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi ekukhanyeni. Ziza kuhluma malunga nenyanga.

Ukutshintshwa

Ukuba iyafuneka, omiliselwe entwasahlobo. Kwimeko apho besembizeni, kubalulekile ukuba batyalwe kwenye enkulu xa sele bekwe "indala" malunga neminyaka emithathu.

Ukuthena

Ukuthena yenziwa emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo. Oku kubandakanya ukususa amasebe ajongeka kakubi; Oko kukuthi, eyaphukileyo, egulayo okanye ebuthathaka. Ngokukwanjalo, inokusetyenziselwa ukusika kancinci ezo zikhula kakhulu.

Izitshabalalisi zeHibiscus

Zizityalo ezinganyangekiyo ngokubanzi. Ngoku, banokuba nothotho lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo ebomini babo, ezi:

• Isigcawu esibomvu: Zizilwanyana ezondla iiseli zamagqabi. Njengoko zivelisa izikhwebu phakathi kwamagqabi, kulula ukwahlula esi sinambuzane, esilwelwa ngeacaricides (iyathengiswa apha). Olunye ulwazi.
• Mealybugs: ezi zizifunxi-gazi esiza kuzifumana kumagqabi amathenda nakumasebe. Banokujongeka njengebhola yomqhaphu, okanye babe njengelimpets. Ngayiphi na imeko, zisuswa ngokulula ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa apha) okanye ngamanzi kunye nesepha ethambileyo. Olunye ulwazi
• Zintwala: Zikhetha iintyatyambo, nangona zinokubonakala kumagqabi amatsha. Zincinci kakhulu, malunga neesentimitha eziyi-0,5, kwaye ziluhlaza, tyheli, okanye mdaka ngombala. Zingasuswa ngamanzi kunye nesepha engathathi hlangothi, isepha ye potassium (xa ithengiswa apha) okanye umhlaba we-diatomaceous. Olunye ulwazi.

Izifo

Ngokubhekisele kwizifo ze-hibiscus, kufuneka sithethe malunga: umhlwa, ibhotile kunye nokubola. Iimpawu zezi:

• Ubomvu, orenji okanye ngwevu amabala kumagqabi kunye / okanye iintyatyambo.
• Inkangeleko yegrey okanye mhlophe »umgubo» esiqwini.
• Ukuwa kwegqabi ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ukuyinyanga, Inkqubo yokubulala ukungunda kufuneka isetyenziswe (kwintengiso Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo), ukutshiza sonke isityalo kakuhle. Ukongeza, umngcipheko kufuneka wahlukaniswe.

Ezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo

Ezinye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kulimo zezi:

• Amashiti amthubi:
  • Ukuba zezindala: kusenokwenzeka ukuba kunkcenkceshelwa kakhulu. Jonga ukufuma komhlaba ngaphambi kokuba unkcenkceshele kwakhona.
  • Ukuba bajika baba tyheli ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba bangaphandle ngexesha lobusika obubandayo, kufuneka bakhuselwe. Kwaye ukuba zingaphakathi, ngokuqinisekileyo zichaphazela imisinga yomoya.
  • Ukuba nazo ziba buthathaka: kunokwenzeka ukuba baswele i-nitrogen. Isonjululwa ngokufaka isichumiso kwisichumisi esingamanzi esityebileyo kwi-nitrogen.
• Iintyatyambo ezingavuli: abanako ukukhanya. Kuya kufuneka ubase kwindawo ekhanyayo.
• Uvelisa amagqabi, kodwa hayi iintyatyambo: ukuba kusentwasahlobo-ihlobo kwaye isityalo sakho asidubuli ngaphandle kokuchumisa, ngekhe usebenzise isichumiso esifanelekileyo okanye usichumise rhoqo. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unqumame isichumisi kangangeenyanga ezimbalwa, emva koko uphinde uphinde usebenzise isichumiso esivuselela iintyatyambo.
• IHibiscus ikhula kancinci, okanye iyekile ukukhula: ukunqongophala kwendawo. Jonga ukuba sele inembiza iphela, kwaye kwimeko apho, yityale ibe enkulu.

Ngamafutshane

I-Hibiscus ngokubanzi iyacotha ukuya kwizityalo ezikhula ngokuphakathi. Iimpawu ezinokuphakama okuthile-imitha enye okanye nangaphezulu-azifane zifumaneke lula kwii-nursery, kwaye xa zilapho, ixabiso liphezulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kucetyiswa kakhulu fumana izityalo ezincinci, ezinamaxabiso afikeleleke ngakumbi, kwaye zibukele zikhula unyaka nonyaka ngelixa sizonwabela iintyatyambo zazo ezintle.

Ewe, ukubanceda ekukhuleni kwabo sinokwenza oku kuchazwe ngasentla: zichumise ngexesha lokudubula (ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekuqaleni kokuwa). Siya kukhetha ukusebenzisa isichumiso esisebenza ngaso kwaye siza kusisebenzisa silandela iingcebiso zomvelisi.

Abaqheleki ukuba neengxaki zezinambuzane. Inyaniso, abayi kuba nangxaki ngaphandle kokuba iimeko ezikhulayo azithandeki kwaphela. Umzekelo: i-mealybugs izakuvela xa ingankcenkceshelwa kakuhle kwaye iifungi ziya kuvela ukuba ukufuma kugqithile. Kuya kufuneka uzame ukufumana imvelaphi yengxaki ukuze ukwazi ukuyisombulula kwiingcambu zayo, usebenzisa, ewe, into ethile yokubulala izinambuzane / imveliso yokubulala ukungunda, kodwa nokulungisa isityalo ukuze iHibiscus iphinde ibuye kwaye ibe sempilweni ukusukela ngoku. ivuliwe.

Ezinye iintlobo zixhathisa iqabaka, yexesha elifutshane, ke ukuba uhlala kwimozulu ebandayo kufanelekile ukuba ubagcine ngaphakathi ebusika, kwigumbi apho ukukhanya okuninzi kwendalo kungena kwaye kude kuyilo. Banokukhula ngokuchanekileyo kwilanga elipheleleyo njengakwisithunzi somthunzi, Logama nje siphepha i-substrate ukuba yome, ngakumbi ehlotyeni. Banokumelana nembalela ngandlela ithile, kodwa abayi kukhula kakuhle kwaye baya kuchuma kancinci.

Kwaye unayo i-hibiscus ekhaya?