Umthi we-orenji ngumthi omhle kakhulu, ngakumbi xa uvelisa iintyatyambo zawo ezincinci, ezimhlophe ezinevumba elimnandi. Kodwa ukuba kukho into ekhathazayo sonke esinomfanekiso omnye ubuncinane, yinto yokuba ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye mhlawumbi ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, amaqabunga ayo ajika aphuzi. Kwaye kucacile, isityalo esinamagqabi atyheli seso sinexesha elinzima.
Kutheni umthi we-orenji unokuba namagqabi atyheli? Ngaba ikho into esinokuyenza ukuze imeko yakhe ingabi mbi? Sithetha ngale nto ngezantsi.
Umhlaba awunazo izondlo ezifumanekayo kwisityalo
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Hans Braxmeier
El Umthi we-orenji, kwaye eneneni zonke iisitrasi, ziyimithi leyo xa zityalwe umzekelo kumhlaba wodongwe, ziye zibonakalise iimpawu ze-chlorosis, njengokutyheli kwamagqabi. Oku kungenxa yokuba, nangona le mihlaba inokuba nesondlo kakhulu kwaye ichume, ngenxa yenyaniso elula yokuba ne-alkaline (kwaye ke ukuba ne-pH ephezulu kakhulu, 7-8), kukho izondlo ezithile ezivaliweyo kwaye ngenxa yoko azifikeleleki kwiingcambu. .
Ngoko ke, akuqhelekanga ukuba umthi wethu ube namagqabi atyheli ukuba ukhula kwelo hlobo lomhlaba, kuba kwezi meko ayinayo i-iron kunye ne-manganese, zombini zibalulekile ukuze isityalo sikwazi ukuvelisa iklorofili kwelinye icala, kwaye kwelinye icala senze iphotosynthesis. Ngoko sinokwazi njani ukuba ngokwenene unayo le ngxaki?
Sithe amagqabi ajika abe tyheli, kodwa… njani? Kulungile ke ilahleko yombala wayo oluhlaza wendalo iqala ukusuka kumda wegqabi ngaphakathi. Kwimeko ethile ye-iron chlorosis okanye ukungabikho kwentsimbi, siya kubona kwakhona ukuba i-nerve ihlala iluhlaza. Yintoni esinokuyenza?
Nangona inokuba yingxaki enkulu kwaye inzima, isisombululo asintsonkothanga kakhulu. Inyaniso, Ukuyinqanda ukuba ingabi mbi kakhulu, kuya kufuneka siyihlawule kuphela ngesichumiso se-citrus, equlethe zonke izondlo ozifunayo kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ziyafumaneka ukuze uzifunxe ukususela ngoku wenza umgquba. Kodwa ewe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa ilandelwe ukuze singafaki isichumisi esingaphezulu kunokuba kubonisiwe.
Kodwa lumka: oku akuyi kwanela. Ukuba sinkcenkceshela ngamanzi e-alkaline, iya kuba ne-chlorosis kwakhona. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba xa kunokwenzeka, amanzi emvula asetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela, okanye esiswiti, esilungele ukutyiwa ngabantu.
Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo akwanelanga
Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba unkcenkceshelwa ngakumbi kunokuba kuyimfuneko, okanye ngenxa yokuba, ngokuchaseneyo, akunamanzi ngokwaneleyo, umthi we-orange unokugqiba ngamagqabi aphuzi. Kodwa inyaniso kukuba kunzima ukulawula ukunkcenkceshela, ekubeni ukuphindaphinda kufuneka kuguquguquke ngenxa yokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka, kunye nokwahluka okwenzekayo kumaqondo obushushu, umoya, imvula, njalo njalo, unyaka wonke.
Ukunkcenkceshela kubaluleke kakhulu-kwaye ndingatsho ngokukhawuleza- ngexesha lobushushu, kwaye ngakumbi ukuba i-thermometer ifikelela kumaxabiso angama-40ºC okanye into engaphezulu kangangeentsuku ezininzi ngokulandelelana. Kodwa asinakukwazi ukungayikhathaleli nokuba umhlaba okhulela kuwo woma ngokukhawuleza, kuba kungenjalo iingcambu ziya konakala kakhulu. Ngesi sizathu, kuya kufuneka sinkcenkceshele rhoqo ehlotyeni kunasebusika. Umbuzo ngulo: zingaphi izihlandlo evekini ziya kuchaneka?
Inyaniso kukuba lo ngumbuzo ongenampendulo enye, ekubeni singenayo imozulu efanayo eLa Coruña njengaseBadajoz, ngokomzekelo. Kwakwiphondo elinye, kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo imicroclimates. Mna ngokwam ndingatsho ukuba, emazantsi asezantsi kwisiqithi saseMallorca, apho ndihlala khona, imvula inetha kakhulu kuneSierra de Tramuntana (ekumntla-ntshona); Enyanisweni, sithetha ngomahluko okhohlakeleyo: kwidolophu yam malunga ne-350mm yemvula ewela ngonyaka, kodwa kwelinye icala ezintabeni malunga ne-1000-1500mm ukuwa. Kwaye ke, umthi wam weeorenji ufuna ukunkcenkceshelwa kakhulu kunemithi yeziqhamo ekumntla-ntshona weMallorca.
Ke ukwazi ixesha lokunkcenkceshela, kubalulekile ukwazi-ngokubanzi-imozulu yendawo ekhuliswa kuyo., ekubeni ngaloo ndlela sinokufumana ufifi lwexesha lokunkcenkceshela. Kodwa ukuba unokungabaza, ndincoma ukuba uhlolisise ukufuma komhlaba. Le yinto ongayenza ngentonga elula yokhuni: kufuneka nje uyifake yonke indlela, kwaye yiloo nto. Xa uyikhupha uya kubona ukuba imanzi okanye ayikho: kwimeko yokuqala, uya kubona ukuba umhlaba omncinci unamathele kuwo; yaye kowesibini, kwelinye icala, iya kuphuma icocekile yaye yomile.
Iimpawu zokugqithisa kunye nokungabikho kwamanzi kumthi we-orange
Kodwa sinokufumanisa njani ukuba besiyinkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo? Iza kubonisa ziphi iimpawu? Kulungile, Kaloku, umthi weeorenji orhaxwayo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba unkcenkceshelwe kakhulu, kunye/okanye ngenxa yokuba umhlaba uxinene kwaye unzima kangangokuba awuvumeli umoya ukuba ujikeleze kakuhle phakathi kwemingxuma yawo-eyenzeka kwimihlaba enombhobho ongenamandla-, Uya kubona amagqabi ajike abe tyheli, uqale ngala asezantsi aqhubeke nalawo matsha.
Ukuba kwenzeka into eyahlukileyo, oko kukuthi, inkcenkceshelwa kancinci kakhulu, amagqabi okuqala abonisa tyheli iya kuba ngala matsha. Ezi ekugqibeleni ziya koma kwaye ziwe. Kwakhona, umhlaba uya kujongeka kwaye uzive womile kakhulu, kwaye unokuqhekeka.
Indlela yokuyigcina? Kulungile ke ukuba inamanzi agqithisileyo, into esiya kuyenza kukumisa ukunkcenkceshela ixeshana, ude wome umhlaba. Ngokunjalo, kuya kufuneka siyinyange nge-systemic fungicide efana Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo ukuze ifungi ingonakalisi.
Ukuba kumhlaba oxineneyo kakhulu kunye ne-drainage embi, nanini na xa kunokwenzeka (umzekelo, ukuba sityale unyaka okanye ngaphantsi odlulileyo, okanye ukuba ngumthi omncinci), kungcono ukuwususa, wenze umngxuma ubuncinane 1. x 1 imitha, kwaye uyigcwalise ngomxube we-peat kunye ne-perlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo.
Y ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kukuba iyoma, siya kuyinkcenkceshela rhoqo. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukugalela amanzi de kube umhlaba uxutywe kakuhle, ngaphandle koko umthi awuyi kukwazi ukucima ukoma kwawo.
Umthi we-orenji unezinambuzane
Umfanekiso -Flickr / Katja Schulz
Nangona ingumthi olula ngokufanelekileyo ukuwunyamekela, kufuneka kuthiwe udla ngokuba nenye ingxaki enxulumene nawo izitshabalalisi, ngakumbi ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zizinambuzane zemealybugs, iintwala kunye nethrips, zonke zizinambuzane ezitya incindi yamagqabi. (nentwala kolunye lweentyantyambo), zithi ke zenjenjalo zishiye amabala. Ukuba imeko iyaqhubeka, ekugqibeleni amagqabi ajika abe tyheli, ome aze awele.
Ukwenza? Eyona nto ingcono kukuthintela, kwaye ngenxa yoko Ndincoma ukunyanga umthi ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zivele kunye nomhlaba we-diatomaceous (ukuthengiswa apha). Amagqabi ahlanjululwa ngamanzi, kwaye ke le mveliso igalelwe phezu kwabo. Ngokwemvelo, ayilimazi indalo, ngaphandle nje kwezi zinambuzane ezincinci ze-pathogenic.
Kodwa ukuba sele kukho iimpawu, okufanelekileyo kukusebenzisa i-insecticide, ngokulandela imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa. Ukuba sikhetha isitshizi, njengaye enye, siya kutshiza umkhiqizo kumacala omabini amaqabunga, amasebe, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba siyenze kwi-trunk.
Njengoko ubonile, kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba umthi we-orenji unokuba namagqabi atyheli.