I-elm yaseMelika (Ulmus americana)

I-elm yaseMelika ngumthi ovuthulukileyo, enokufikelela kubude obuchukumisayo ukuba iimeko zilungile. Ukongeza, ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye yenza umthunzi omninzi, ngoko lukhetho olunomdla kakhulu ukuba ufuna isityalo esihlangabezana nezi mpawu.

Kodwa, ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuba uyithenge okanye hayi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukumazi kancinci, ekubeni ikuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuba sisityalo osifunayo okanye hayi.

Ivela phi i-elm yaseMelika?

Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili ngumthi ovela empuma kuMntla Melika, ukusuka eCanada ukuya eFlorida. Ikhula phantse kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaba, ukuba nje ingenamanzi. Ukongeza, sithetha ngomthi oxhathisa iqabaka ngaphandle kwengxaki, kunye nokuwa kwekhephu; kwaye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu awanakalisi kakhulu.

Ubomi babo bunokuba bubude kakhulu, malunga nama-300 eminyaka. Ingxaki kukuba inomdla kwi-graphosis, ngoko ke kwiindawo apho esi sifo sikhona, siphila ngaphantsi kakhulu.

Zithini iimpawu zayo?

I-elm yaseMelika, igama layo lezesayensi ulmus waseMelika, Ngumthi onamagqabi avuthulukayo onokugqitha kwiimitha ezingama-30 ubude ukuya kuma-40 eemitha, kwaye ephuhlisa isiqu esityebileyo seemitha ezi-1-2 ububanzi. Isithsaba sibanzi kakhulu kwaye senziwe ngamasebe amaninzi ashiya malunga ne-15 centimeters ubude kunye ne-serrated margins ihlumela. Ezi ziluhlaza, kodwa ekwindla ziba tyheli zize zibe mdaka phambi kokuba ziwe emthini.

Iintyatyambo zayo ziyakwazi ukuzitholela ipoleni, ekubeni zinamalungu omfazi nendoda. Ezi zihluma entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amagqabi ahlume. Isiqhamo yisamara encinci, i-2 centimeters ubude, yenziwe ngephiko elijikeleze imbewu.

Ngaba iyasebenza?

Sithetha nge isityalo Ukuhombisa kakhulu, apho kulula kakhulu ukuba negadi entle ye-rustic. Ayifuni ngokugqithisileyo njengoko siza kubona kamva, kwaye njengoko inika umthunzi omninzi, inika umdla ukuyityala ngendlela eyodwa ukuze ukwazi ukuyincoma ngcono.

Icala elisezantsi kuphela lelo ineengcambu ezomeleleyo kwaye ezihlaselayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba asingomthi ucetyiswayo kwizitiya ezincinane, ekubeni ukuthintela iingxaki kufuneka ulinywe malunga neemitha ezilishumi ukusuka kwimibhobho, imigangatho egangathiweyo, iindonga, nayo nayiphi na enye into enokwaphuka.

Loluphi ukhathalelo olufunayo?

Ngumthi ongadingi kukhathalelwa kakhulu; inyaniso, akukho mfuneko yokuba siyinike nokuba siyityale emhlabeni kwaye sihlala kwindawo edla ngokunetha imvula.. Kodwa izinto ziba nzima ukuba imvula ine kakhulu, kuba kuloo meko kuya kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe ubuncinane unyaka wokuqala ukuze imile kakuhle.

nayo, kuya kufuneka siyiqaphele kancinci ukuba siyikhulisela embizeni, ekubeni inesithuba esilinganiselweyo nesixa somhlaba, inokuphelisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, siza kuthetha malunga nokuba zeziphi iimfuno zayo kunye nendlela yokunyamekela:

Ubicación

i-American Elm kufuneka ibekwe ngaphandle, kungekhona nje ngenxa yokuba sisityalo esinokukhula kakhulu, kodwa nangenxa yokuba siyayidinga. Kufuneka uve ukuhamba kwamaxesha, ingqele, ubushushu, umoya nemvula; Ukongezelela, ifuna ukuchaswa ngokuthe ngqo elangeni. Ngaphakathi endlwini, okanye kuso nasiphi na isakhiwo, mhlawumbi bekuya kuba kuhle kangangeenyanga ezimbalwa (entwasahlobo-ehlobo), kodwa kungekudala bekuya kuba buthathaka baze bafe.

Umhlaba

• Jadini: iphezulu, icetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uyityale emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza, kwangolo suku siluthengayo; okanye ukuba sisithole, msinyane nje ukuba ilinganisa ubuncinci obuziisentimitha ezingama-20 ubude. Umhlaba kufuneka ukhuphe amanzi kakuhle, oko kukuthi, xa kunetha kakhulu, i-puddles ayifaki (okanye ukuba iyenzeka, amanzi afunxa ngokukhawuleza).
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: kwimeko apho uya kuba nayo embizeni, unokubeka i-substrate yenkcubeko yendalo yonke equkethe i-perlite, njenge enye.

Unkcenkceshelo

Logama nje akunethi Kuya kufuneka ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo ngeentsuku ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 ehlotyeni, kwaye zonke iintsuku ezi-4-6 unyaka wonke.. Kufuneka unkcenkceshele kakuhle, ngononophelo. Ukuba isembiza, amanzi kufuneka agalelwe de aphume ngemingxuma yokuhambisa; yaye ukuba usemyezweni, uya kulala de abone ukuba umhlaba umanzi.

Kwakhona kucetyiswa ukunkcenkceshela ngamanzi emvula. Le yeyona nto ilungileyo inokufunyanwa zizityalo, ezona zinyulu. Kodwa ekubeni imvula ingani ngokufanayo kuyo yonke indawo, kwiindawo ezininzi kuya kuba nzima ukuyifumana. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, sicebisa ukuba kukhutshwe iiemele okanye ezinye izitya xa kunetha, ukuze xa imvula iphelile, iibhotile zizaliswe ngala manzi aya kuthi kamva asetyenziswe ukunkcenkceshela; kwaye ngamaxesha xa ingafumanekiyo, nkcenkceshela ngamanzi ane-pH engaphantsi kwe-8, okanye ngamanye amazwi, eneasidi kancinane, okanye i-alkaline kancinane.

Umbhalisi

Kucetyiswa ukuba uyihlawule entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kunye nezichumisi ezifana ne-mulch okanye i-guano (ithengiswa apha). Kwakhona, ukuba wenza i-compost yasekhaya, iya kwenza kakuhle kakhulu ukuba ubeka i-trunk encinci.

Ukuphindaphinda

i-American Elm iphindaphindwa ngembewu. Ngentwasahlobo, kufuneka uwahlwayele embizeni enemingxuma kwisiseko sayo, kunye ne-substrate ekhulayo jikelele. Bangcwabe kancinane, namanzi. Emva koko, kufuneka uwabeke ngaphandle, elangeni elipheleleyo.

Izinambuzane

Inovakalelo kuhlaselo lwe:

• Ii-Augers: Bona ifayile.
• Mealybugs: Bona ifayile.
• U-Elm Galeruca
• Imibungu yeDefoliator
• Ukuzilolonga komboko

Izifo

Ngokubhekiselele kwizifo, unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Isiqu somthi
• I-Bark Cankers: Bona ifayile.
• Elm graphosis: Bona ifayile.
• Amabala amagqabi efungal

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

El ulmus waseMelika ixhathisa iqabaka ukuya -40ºC. Ngokunjalo, ikwaxhasa ubushushu obufikelela kuma-35-40ºC ukuba inamanzi.

I-elm yaseMelika ngumthi omangalisayo kwaye mhle kakhulu, awucingi?