Kwiplanethi yoMhlaba zininzi iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo, nganye inempawu zayo ezinyanzele izityalo ukuba zitshintshe okanye zife, njengoko ezi meko zinokutshintsha njengokuba iminyaka ihamba. Ndiyabulela kuloo nto, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo, kwaye enye yezo ntlobo ibizwa njalo halophytes.
Oku kunomdla kakhulu, kuba inomdla kakhulu ukuba bayakwazi ukuhlala kwindawo efana nale bahlala kuyo. Kodwa, Zintoni kanye kanye?
Bazintoni?
IiHalophytes Zizo ezo zityalo iingcambu zazo zidibene namanzi anetyuwa okanye ezihlala kumhlaba onesixa esikhulu setyuwa, yiyo loo nto zisaziwa njengezityalo zetyuwa. Ngokwendalo, banenani elithile letyuwa ngaphakathi, kodwa bayayiphelisa i-trichomes yokufihla ityuwa (amaqhuma angaphezulu okanye angabonakaliyo "esikhumbeni").
Indlela yokusebenza ichaza ukuba bagxila kumxholo wetyuwa kumagqabi abo, kodwa xa bewa okanye besifa, kufuneka bathathe ngaphezulu.
Zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo?
Kuqikelelwa ukuba yi-2% yazo zonke izityalo emhlabeni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-halophytes, ezahlulwe zangamaqela amabini amakhulu:
- Ngqongqo: zezi zinokuhlala kuphela kwiindawo ezinetyuwa.
- Ukhetho: Zezabo zinyamezela isixa esikhulu setyuwa, kodwa banokuhlala kwiindawo ezinobutyuwa obuncinci, ezinje ngengca yeeflethi zetyuwa okanye iSpartina.
Ezinye imizekelo:
ammophila arenaria
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz
Ingca engapheliyo eyaziwa njenge marram okanye ingcongolo ekhula kumanxweme ase Yurophu, eMntla Afrika nase Mbindi Mpuma. Ukuphuhlisa ukuma okumileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,2 yeemitha, kwaye amagqabi ayo aluhlaza-luhlaza.
Inokulinywa kwimihlaba enesanti, ukulungisa umhlaba kwaye kuthintele ukhukuliseko. Ngapha koko, yayisetyenziselwa le nto kwiLandes de Gascogne (France). Inqaba ukuya kwi -7ºC.
I-Calystegia soldanella
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Strobilomyces
Yaziwa ngokuba yintsimbi yentlabathi okanye intsimbi yentlabathi, kwaye iyakhula ngokukhawuleza, ingca edlamkileyo yemveli kunxweme lwaseYurophu ifikelela kubude obuphakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-60 ukuya kwezingama-90. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimile okwepinki.
Amachiza ayanyaniswa nayo; Ngaphezu koko, isetyenziswe njenge-laxative, diuretic, febrifuge kunye nokuphilisa amanxeba. Ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi ukuya kwi -5ºC.
ICocos nucifera
El umthi wekhokhonathi Yintendane yesundu etyalwe kwiilwandle zeCaribbean, kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya nakwiPasifiki. Ikhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu ukuba imozulu ifudumele unyaka wonke kwaye inamanzi aneleyo. Ingafikelela kwiimitha ezingama-30 ukuphakama, kunye nesiqu esincinci esilinganisa iisentimitha ezingama-30-35 ububanzi.. Amagqabi aphinyiwe, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 yeemitha ubude, kwaye avelisa iziqhamo, njengoko sisazi, yikhokhonathi.
Ingakhuliswa zombini kwiigadi ezikufutshane nolwandle kwaye ikude nayo, into ebalulekileyo kukuba akukho ziqabaka kwaye umhlaba unemithombo elungileyo.
i-euphorbia ekhubazekileyo
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / UFrank Vincentz
Ingono yolwandle luludaka olungapheliyo olufumaneka eMacaronesia, kwingingqi yeMeditera, nakwiiCanary Islands. Ikhula ukuya kwiisentimitha ezingama-75 ubude, kwaye iziqu zawo zihluma amagqabi aluhlaza, amancinci kakhulu, adibana.
Sisityalo esiqhelekileyo semimandla efudumeleyo enemozulu epholileyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko ayimelani namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu.
Ipancratium maritimum
Yaziwa njenge Inyibiba yolwandle kwaye sisityalo esinamaqhuqhuva esihlala kwiindunduma ezizinzileyo zonxweme lweAtlantic, kubandakanya nezo zeMeditera. Amagqabi atyheliwe, aluhlaza okotshani, kwaye iintyatyambo zimhlophe, ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezili-15 ubude.
Inomdla kakhulu kulimo, kuba umelana nembalela kakuhle ukuba isemhlabeni. Ngapha koko, ifuna ixesha elomileyo ukuze ikhule ngokwesiqhelo kwaye ichume. Ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kwi -7ºC.
UPinus halepensis
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / spacebirdy
El Ialeppo pine yenye yezimbalwa zohlobo lwayo ezinokuphila iimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka elwandle. Kwiilwandle zeBalearic Islands kuyinto eqhelekileyo, exhaphake kakhulu, njengoko isenza iashera umgama omfutshane ukusuka emanzini. Kodwa iyakhuliswa nasegadini, njengoko ikhula ngokufanayo elunxwemeni njengokuba ikhula kumhlaba wodongwe.
Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-25, kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha ifumana isiqu esibuhlungu, nesithsaba esingaqhelekanga esenziwe ngamagqabi aluhlaza ahlaziyiweyo unyaka wonke. Inqaba ukuya kwi -7ºC.
I-Spartina alterniflora
Ingumqolo ongapheliyo owaziwa ngokuba yi-crabgrass ovela eMelika, emantla nasemazantsi. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-1,5, kunye neziqu ezingenanto apho amagqabi aluhlaza ahlumayo.
Ukulima kwayo akukhuthazwa, kuba inamandla amakhulu.
Bahlala phi?
Singazifumana ngokwendalo kwi- imigxobhozo, iilwandle, imigxobhozo kunye nemangrove. Ngesi sizathu, zininzi ngakumbi kunokuba sicinga ukuba zingankcenkceshelwa ngamanzi anetyuwa.
Ucinga ntoni ngalo mbandela?
Ndiyafunda kwaye le ngxelo indincedile ukuba ndiqonde iikhonsepthi !! Enkosi!!
UJorgelina ogqibeleleyo. Siyavuya kukwazi ukuba inqaku beliluncedo kuwe 🙂
Awunakho ukubhala "izityalo ezibomvu", kuba azifuneki, kodwa endaweni yoko "zezityalo ze halophytic". Isityalo "i-halophilic" yi "halophyte." Konke okugqibelele.
I-spartina alterniflora, efana nento ebizwa ngokuba yi-"horsetail okanye i-carrizillo" ifana kakhulu, kuphela i-blackish kumgama ngamnye kwaye iya phezulu inyuka ngobukhulu kwaye ikhupha i-ringish emnyama kumgama othile wokukhula. Ikhula kakhulu kwiindawo zamanzi eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwetyuwa. Ulwazi olunomdla apha lunikezelwa.
Enkosi Hector.