Yintoni iiCormophytes?

Xa uthetha nge icormophytesZisuka nje, usenokungazi kakuhle ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwezityalo esibhekisa kuzo. Kodwa ndikholelwe, kweli qela yenye yeentlobo ezihlala zihombisa iigadi kunye namathambeka.

Iintyatyambo ezizivelisayo zintle kwaye zinemibala emihle, kunzima ukuba ungayeki ukuzijonga. Yintoni egqithisile, Uninzi lwazo lunika ivumba elimnandi kakhulu.

Yintoni na?

Igama elithi cormophyte lineentsingiselo ezimbini. Eyokuqala yile ilandelayo: sisityalo esingapheliyo, oko kukuthi, siphila ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini, sinesidumbu, kwaye siphulukana nenxalenye yomoya (amagqabi, iziqu) ebusika. I-corm sisiqu esingaphantsi komhlaba, esinendawo yokuvuvukala kwaye sinee-protrusions ezithile ezivela kuwo amathupha, kungoko amagqabi neentyatyambo. Yenziwe ngamagqabi omileyo akhusela ngaphakathi.

Inokufana okuninzi kwii-bulbs; enyanisweni, izityalo ze-cormophytic zihlala zibandakanywa kwiqela le-bulbous, kwaye zihlala zilinywa ngendlela efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba zombini iziqu ziqokelela izinto ezinesondlo kwaye zinobume obuncinci okanye obuncinci, ukuba siwela i-corm ngekhe siyibone imisesane yokugxininisa ngokulula njengoko bekunokwenzeka ukuba sisike ibhalbhu.

Intsingiselo yesibini ilula: sisityalo esineengcambu, iziqu kunye namagqabi, kwaye siqhuba iinqanawa zamanzi kuwo onke amalungu. Ezi zezona zixhaphakileyo, kwaye zezona zininzi ngokunjalo. Oku kubandakanya zonke izityalo ze-spermatophyte (ezivelisa imbewu), kunye neepteridophytes (eziyi-ferns).

Imvelaphi yayo ibuyele kwiminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-300 eyadlulayo. Phambi kwabo, izityalo ezimbalwa ezazikhona zafunyanwa kuphela kwiilwandlekazi, kuba kuyaziwa ukuba kulapho ubomi baqala khona. Utshintsho olusuka kwimeko-bume yasemanzini luye kwintlambo yomhlaba yayilutshintsho olukhulu, kuba ukuze baphile kwakufuneka bafunde ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga ngelixa bephepha ukulahleka kwamanzi.

Benza njani? Ewe, ukulungelelanisa ukwakheka kwamagqabi. Ngokukodwa, ngokuguqula i-epidermis, enomnye okanye ngaphezulu kweeseli ezenza i-cuticle. Esi sisambatho esenza ukuba iphepha lingangeni manzi. Kwakhona, enkosi kuyo, amanzi ngaphakathi athintelwe ekulahlekelweni.

Zithini iindawo zemifuno yekormophyte?

Olu hlobo lwezityalo Ziingcambu, iziqu namagqabi. Kodwa, nangona ngalinye lala macandelo lahlulwe kakuhle, yonke into ivela kwindawo enye. Iingcambu ziyadubula zikhulele emhlabeni, kwaye amagqabi kunye nesiqu kuvela phezulu.

Imizekelo emi-6 yee-cormophytes

Zininzi izityalo eziwela kweli qela, zininzi kakhulu kangangokuba akunakubakho ukuzithiya zonke kweli nqaku linye. Ngesi sizathu, sikhethe ezinye ukuba zikunike umbono wokuba zinjani:

I-Asplenium

Los I-Asplenium Ziyi-ferns eziyinzalelwane yase-Australia nase-Yuropu ezaziwa ngokubonisa irhizome emfutshane apho amagqabi abizwa ngokuba ngamahlumela. Ezi zinokuba zilula kunye ne-lanceolate, okanye zinokwahlulahlulwa kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwayo kuyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo, ukubanakho ukulinganisa iisentimitha ezingama-20 ukuya phantse kwimitha.

Ukugxininisa 

Izityalo zohlobo Ukugxininisa Ungomnye wabo bonisa i-corm. Zifumaneka eYurophu, eAsia naseMantla eAfrika. Aziqhele ukudlula iisentimitha ezingama-30 ukuphakama, kwaye amagqabi awo aluhlaza kwaye made. Iintyatyambo zimalunga neesentimitha ezili-15 ubude, kwaye ziyadubula entlakohlaza.

Dioon

UDioon zizityalo ezizalelwe eMelika. Zijongeka zininzi njenge cycas, kwaye enyanisweni yeyodidi olunye (iiCycadales), kodwa ukuthwala kunye namagqabi, kunye ne-inflorescence yazo zahlukile. Banokufikelela kubude beemitha eziyi-1-2, kunye namagqabi aluhlaza, i-pinnate nge-pinnae emfutshane, kunye nesikhumba

helianthus

Ezi zityalo ezivela kwi-genus Helianthus zonyaka okanye zingapheliyo ukufikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-5 yeemitha. Zikhula zimile okanye zinyuke, kwaye amagqabi awo makhulu ngokubanzi, afikelela kwiisentimitha ezili-12, emthubi ngombala.

Ipeyinti

Izityalo zohlobo Ipeyinti ziyimipayini, ii-conifers ezizalelwe kumantla e-hemisphere ezihlala zikhula njengemithi (kunqabile njengezihlahla) ezinesithsaba sepiramidi okanye esisangqa. Umboko ukhula ngandlel ithile, ufikelela ngaphezulu kweemitha ezi-7 ukuphakama. Zifumaneka kumahlathi aphakamileyo, kodwa kufutshane nolwandle, ezinje nge UPinus halepensis umzekelo.

Rhopalostylis

Iindidi zohlobo lweRhopalostylis ziintende zomthonyama eMzantsi Pasifiki. Banesiqu esibhityileyo malunga neesentimitha ezingama-30, kunye namagqabi aphinyiwe phakathi kweemitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ubude. Banokufikelela kubude beemitha ezili-10-15 ngokuxhomekeke kudidi.

Njengoko ubona, zininzi ii-cormophytes. Inyaniso yokuba zininzi kangaka izenza ukuba zibe liqela elinomdla kakhulu lezityalo, kuba zininzi ezifanelekileyo ukukhula naphi na.