Uhlobo lweMagnolia Wenziwe ngemithi namatyholo aneentyatyambo ezintle: ezinkulu, ezinemibala ethambileyo kodwa entle kakhulu, kunye nevumba eliyolisayo. Ukongeza koku, zizityalo zamandulo, kuba zavela malunga ne-100 lezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo.
Le yinyaniso ebangel’ umdla, ekubeni isaziwa ukuba iintyatyambo nezilwanyana ezisasaza umungu zaba nendaleko efanayo; hayi ilize, zombini zixhomekeke kwenye: owokuqala ukuvelisa imbewu, kunye nowokugqibela ukondla. Emva koko, ngowuphi umbala oqhelekileyo we-magnolia?
imbali yombala weentyatyambo
Nangona kunokulindeleka ukuba umbala wokuqala owavela eMhlabeni wawumhlophe, ekubeni ngaphandle kwawo akunakubakho eminye imibala, uphando lwezenzululwazi lubonise ukuba ngokwenene yayipinki eqaqambileyo. Le yile ababenayo icyanobacteria, izinto zokuqala ezikwaziyo ukwenza iphotosynthesis ezazihlala elwandle ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-3.500 yebhiliyoni eyadlulayo.
Malunga nezigidi ezingama-485 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, izityalo zaqala "ukuphuma" elwandle kwaye zoyise umhlaba. Ekuqaleni yayiyi-algae, emva koko i-mosses, i-ferns, imithi efana nale Ginkgo bilobakwaye emva koko, Malunga ne-150 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, kwavela izityalo zokuqala zeentyatyambo, kuquka iMagnolia.
Abalinganiswa bethu baqala ngendaleko kwihlabathi apho iinyosi zazingekaveli, kodwa ooqongqothwane babekho. Ezi zinambuzane zinamandla amangalisayo, ngoko ke iintyatyambo ze-magnolia zavelisa iikhapeli ezomelele kwaye zinomtsalane ngokwaneleyo kwezi zinambuzane.
Iinyosi, izinambuzane ezibona ihlabathi ngemibala ye-ultraviolet, aziyi kubonakala kude kube kamva: malunga ne-30 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngoko ke, kude kube ngoko iintyatyambo ze-magnolias ziya kuba mhlophe.
Ngowuphi umbala oqhelekileyo we-magnolias?
Iifosili zamandulo ze-magnolia zafunyanwa zisusela kwiminyaka emalunga nezigidi ezili-100 eyadlulayo okanye njalo. Akucaci ukuba iintyatyambo zabo zazinombala onjani ngelo xesha, kodwa ndingaphantse ndibe nobuganga bokuthi zazinjalo emhlophe okanye emhlophe-pinkiEwe, le yimibala abanayo namhlanje.
Eyona ixhaphakileyo kuzo zonke ngokungathandabuzekiyo imhlophe. Kwiintlobo ezili-120 esele zichaziwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi lwazo luneentyatyambo ezimhlophe, okanye ezineentyatyambo ezimhlophe-pinki, ezinje zilandelayo:
IMagnolia denudata
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / A. Ibha
La IMagnolia denudata, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiYulan okanye iYulan magnolia, ngumthi ovuthuluka ophuma eTshayina. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-15 ukuphakama, kunye namasebe amaninzi, nakwisiseko. Inamagqabi, aluhlaza oqaqambileyo kunye neentyatyambo ezintle ezimhlophe. Ezi zintshula ekupheleni kobusika, ngaphambi kokuba amagqabi akhule, kwaye nazo ziba makhulu, ifikelela kwi-16 yeesentimitha ububanzi.
magnolia fraseri
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/Richtid
La magnolia fraseri Ikwanjalo. Ivela kuma-Appalachian, eMntla Melika, kwaye ifikelela kubude obumalunga neemitha ezili-10. Inamagqabi aluhlaza bumnyama, amile okwe-wavy, kwaye awela ebusika. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe, ukuya kwi-30 centimeters ububanzi, kwaye zivela entwasahlobo. Sinokuthi phantse ukuba kulula ukuyiqhuba nge-M. grandiflora, kuphela ukuba ihlala iluhlaza.
IMagnolia grandiflora
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / SABENCIA Guillermo César Ruiz
La IMagnolia grandiflora, ebizwa nje ngokuba yi-magnolia okanye i-magnolia, ngumthi osoloko uluhlaza owazalelwa kuMntla Melika, ngokukodwa umzantsi-mpuma we-United States. Ekubeni amaqondo obushushu epholile apho, akukho mfuneko yokuba iwawise onke amagqabi ayo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, sithetha ngesityalo esikhulu kakhulu, esinokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-30 ukuphakama.
Inamagqabi aluhlaza bumnyama kwicala elingasentla kunye ne-pubescent kwicala elingaphantsi. Ngentwasahlobo ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 centimeters ububanzi, kwaye inevumba elimnandi kakhulu.
IMagnolia hodgsonii
Umfanekiso - stories.rbge.org.uk
La intlanzi ye-magnoliahayi Ngumthi osoloko uluhlaza ofumaneka eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, apho ubizwa ngokuba yiTshayina Gai lie mu. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-15 ukuphakama, kwaye ivelisa amagqabi a-ovate okanye ama-oblong ukuya kwi-40 centimeters ubude. Iintyatyambo azikho zikhulu njengezinye iimagnolias, kodwa zisenobungakanani obuhle njengoko zilinganisa malunga ne-15-20 yeesentimitha ububanzi..
IMagnolia kobus
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Bruce Marlin
La IMagnolia kobus Ngumthi ovuthulukayo oyinzalelwane yase Japan ofikelela kwi 20 yeemitha ubude. Sisityalo esinobuhle obukhulu, esisuka kumgama omfutshane ukusuka emhlabeni, senza isithsaba esibanzi, esingqukuva nesibukekayo kakhulu. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe, ukuya kutsho kwi-12 centimeters ububanzi, kwaye nazo zinevumba elimnandi. I-drawback kuphela kukuba ukukhula kwayo kucotha kakhulu.
Magnolia pallescences
Umfanekiso -Flickr / uKaren
La Magnolia pallescences, okanye i<em>ebony eluhlaza, ngumthi osoloko uluhlaza ofumaneka eDominican Republic. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-19 ukuphakama, kwaye inamagqabi aluhlaza okanye ajikelezayo aluhlaza. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe, ukuya kwi-15 centimeters ububanzi..
Yintlobo esengozini, ekubeni iinkuni zayo zixhathisa kakhulu, yingakho isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwikhabhinethi. Ukuthintela ukunyamalala kwayo, ngowe-1989 kwenziwa i-Ebano Verde Scientific Reserve yaseDominican Republic, enendawo yeekhilomitha ezingama-23.
IMagnolia sieboldii
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Wendy Cutler
La IMagnolia sieboldii, okanye i-Oyama magnolia, ngumthi ovela eMpuma Asia. Ikhula phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-10 yeemitha ukuphakama, kwaye inamaqabunga a-elliptical okanye oblong ombala oluhlaza omnyama, kunye nobude obufikelela kwi-25 centimeters. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe, ukuya kwi-10 yeesentimitha ububanzi, kwaye zijinga. Ezi zihluma entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni. Njengenyaniso enomdla, yongeza ukuba yintyatyambo yesizwe yaseNorth Korea.
IMagnolia stellata
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / A. Ibha
La IMagnolia stellata, ebizwa ngokuba yi-star magnolia, sisihlahla esincinci esimile okwesihlahla esinamagqabi enziwe eJapan esifikelela kwiimitha ezi-3 ubude. Amagqabi aluhlaza bumnyama ngaphezulu kwaye aluhlaza kancinci ngaphantsi, kwaye amalunga neesentimitha eziyi-13 ubude. Njengezinye iintlobo, idubula ekupheleni kobusika. Iintyatyambo zayo zilinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ububanzi, kwaye zimhlophe, nangona ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba pink pink.
ivirginian magnolia
Umfanekiso – Wikimedia/JE Theriot
La ivirginian magnolia Ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza okanye ovuthulukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu yaseMntla Melika ofikelela kwiimitha ezingama-30 ubude. Amagqabi ane-elliptical, aluhlaza ngombala, kwaye malunga ne-13 centimeters ubude. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe, ububanzi buziisentimitha ezili-14, yaye kuthiwa zinuka ivanila.
Le yimithi emihle kakhulu, kwiimeko ezininzi zineentyatyambo ezimhlophe. Ekubeni izinga lokukhula kwazo licotha, kunokwenzeka ukuba zigcinwe embizeni ixesha elide, okanye ubomi babo bonke ukuba zithenwa rhoqo.