AmaSucculents

I-Las ama-succulent noma ama-non-cacti succulents Luhlobo lwemifino etshalwa ezindaweni ezifudumele nezinemfudumalo zomhlaba, ngisho nakulezo ezibandayo ngaphakathi kwezindlu zokugcina izithombo. Ukugcinwa kwabo kuphansi kakhulu, futhi njengoba bethatha amafomu ahluke kakhulu, futhi futhi behlobisa kakhulu bavame ukugcinwa ezimbizeni zokuhlobisa ikhaya, noma ngaphandle kuhlala isikhala setafula elilodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi, futhi zonke zinhle, cha, okulandelayo. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukungena kulo mhlaba othakazelisayo, ku Jardinería On Sizokukhombisa amanye ama-succulents anelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Futhi uma usafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, ngemva kokufunda uzokwazi badinga ukunakekelwa kuni ukubukeka futhi ngibe muhle unyaka wonke.

Ziyini izitshalo ezinomsoco?

Abalingisi bethu abaphambili, abaziwa njengama-succulent noma ama-succulents hhayi ama-cacti, yilezo ezinengxenye ethile esiphenduke isitolo samanzi. Imvamisa kuba ngamaqabunga, kepha kungaba yiziqu futhi kwesinye isikhathi zombili. Ngenxa yalokhu, zingaphila ezindaweni ezomile nezomile, lapho ezinye izitshalo zingakwazi khona.

Enye yezindlela abaye bakhulisa ngayo ukumunca amanzi avela emazolweni kube yi ukukhiqizwa kwezinwele ezitholakala emaqabungeni azigcinayo, yingakho abanye benokuthinta okuthambile, njenge I-Echeveria setosa isibonelo.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona abanye abakhethile ungakhuli kakhulu. Lapho umzimba umncane, udinga amanzi amancane kunalapho umkhulu, ngakho-ke kunezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu, njenge AmaLithops, esinda esomisweni izinsuku namasonto.

Ayini?

Izitshalo ezibhekwa njengezinomsoco yilezo ezingale mindeni:

• I-AgavaceaeYakhiwe cishe yizinhlobo ezingama-300 ezinoshukela izitho zazo ezimnandi zingamacembe.
• I-AizoaceaeYakhiwe cishe yizinhlobo ezingama-2000 ezinoshukela izitho zazo ezimnandi zingamacembe.
• I-Apocynaceae: yakhiwe cishe yizinhlobo ezingama-500 ezinamanzi, isitho sazo esimnandi isiqu.
• I-AsphodelaceaeYakhiwe cishe yizinhlobo ezingama-500 ezinoshukela izitho zazo ezimnandi zingamacembe.
• I-CrassulaceaeYakhiwe cishe yizinhlobo ezingama-1300 ezinoshukela izitho zazo ezimnandi zingamacembe.
• I-DidieraceaeYakhiwe cishe yizinhlobo eziyi-11 ezinomsoco omzimba wazo oyisiqu.
• I-Euphorbiaceae: yakhiwe ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziyi-1000 zezinongo ezinomuthi omnandi oyisiqu.
• I-Portulacaceae: yakhiwe ngumkhakha wezitshalo ongu-26 okuyizinhlobo zezitho zawo ezinomuthi omnandi oyisiqu namaqabunga.

Zanda kanjani?

Nansi ividiyo esiyichaza ngayo:

Izinhlobo zama-succulents

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezinomsoco. Lapha sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezimbalwa:

I-Aeonium

I-Los I-Aeonium zingenye yeziphuzo ezilinywa kakhulu. Uhlobo luqukethe izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70, iningi lazo kungolomdabu eCanary Islands naseMadeira. Zikhula zenze i-rosette enamaqabunga aluhlaza noma anombala onombala onsundu noma onsundu ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka. Imvamisa zakha isiqu cishe esingamasentimitha angama-30, yize kukhona okunye okungadlula lokho kuphakama, okufana ne- I-Aeonium arboreum.

Aloe

I-aloe noma i-aloe yizitshalo eziwuhlobo lwe-Aloe, olwakhiwe cishe ngezinhlobo ezingama-525, njenge Aloe vera. Iningi lidabuka e-Afrika, yize kukhona abanye abavela eMadagascar naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Bafinyelela kubude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwangama-50. Amaqabunga awo acishe abe ngunxantathu futhi aminyene, futhi ayakhula akhe i-rosette ehluma, cishe njalo evela esiqwini esifushane noma esincane. Izimbali zaso ziyizigaxa futhi zakha ama-inflorescence kuma-spikes abomvu noma aphuzi.

I-Argyroderma

I-Argyroderma iyinhlobo yezinhlobo eziyi-12 ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika lokho finyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angu-2-3. Zinamaqabunga amane aluhlaza okomzimba omnene kakhulu: amabili amadala namabili aqhuma maphakathi. Izimbali zaso ngokuvamile zipinki.

I-Conophytum

Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 ze I-Conophytum ezikhona, ziyizitshalo ezincane kakhulu, ezivela eNingizimu Afrika lokho zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angu-2-3. Unamaqabunga amabili acishe ayindilinga futhi ashiselwe, kuze kube sengathi kubonakala sengathi anelilodwa kuphela ukube bekungeyona imbobo maphakathi nesitshalo. Ngaleyo mbobo kuhluma amaqabunga amabili amasha nezimbali, eziphuzi noma ezinsomi.

ICrassula

I-Las ICrassula ziwuhlobo lwezinhlobo ezingama-620 zama-succulent azalelwa eNingizimu Afrika. Ezinye ziyisihlahlana, njenge I-Crassula arborescens, kepha kukhona ezinye ezinobungozi obukhulu njenge UCrassula perfoliata. Ukuphakama kwayo-ke kuphakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-10 namamitha ayi-3-4. Zinamaqabunga anezimo nemibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu: eyindilinga, engunxantathu, eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enamachashazi, ... ngamafuphi, izitshalo ezithakazelisa kakhulu.

I-Echeveria

La I-Echeveria uhlobo lwezinhlobo ezingama-393 ezidabuka emazweni aseMelika, ezikhula ngokukhethekile kusuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States kuya enyakatho yeNingizimu Melika. Ngokuvamile ziyizitshalo ezincane, ezinokuphakama okungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30, futhi ezineziqu ezivame ukuba yigatsha. Izimbali ziyinyama, zincane futhi zinemibala egqamile kakhulu.

I-Haworthia

Ubulili be I-Haworthia yakhiwe yizinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70, eziningi zazo ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika kuphela. Zikhula ngokwakha ama-rosettes amaqabunga anezinyama, anokuphakama okungafika kumasentimitha ayi-10 nobubanzi obufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30. Umbala wayo uluhlaza okotshani, ngemibala ehlukene, kanti uma uqhakaza ukhiqiza isiqu sezimbali esinezimbali ezimhlophe ezidlula ubude besitshalo.

AmaLithops

I-Los AmaLithops Ziluhlobo lwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-38 ezaziwa ngamatshe aphilayo noma izitshalo zamatshe ezikhula eningizimu ye-Afrika. NjengeConophytum, zinamaqabunga amabili, yize ziwahlukanisile. Izimbali ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi zivame ukuhluma phakathi nendawo. Ukuphakama kwayo akuvamisile ukudlula amasentimitha ama-4.

I-Pachyphytum

I-Los I-Pachyphytum Ziyi-genus eyakhiwe yizinhlobo zomdabu eziyi-17, iningi lazo elivela eMexico. Bahlakulela amaqabunga anezinyama, azungeziwe noma ahlanganisiwe, akha i-rosette evela esiqwini esincane futhi esingaphezulu noma esincane. Azivamile ukweqa amasentimitha angama-20 ukuphakama, futhi ziyaqhakaza zikhiqiza izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani.

UPleiospilos

Ubulili be UPleiospilos inezinhlobo eziphakathi kwezingu-20 nezingama-40 ezivela eNingizimu Afrika. Zikhula cishe ngamasentimitha ama-3 ubude, futhi anamaqabunga aphakeme, aphikisanayo, futhi anamafutha kakhulu aluhlaza okomhlophe noma umbala we-lilac kuye ngokuhlukahluka. Izimbali zihluma maphakathi nesitshalo futhi ziphuzi noma nsomi.

i-sempervivum

Izinhlobo ezingama-30 ze i-sempervivum lokho okuchaziwe yizitshalo esizithola eSpain (ikakhulukazi eCanary Islands nasezintabeni zeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia), kanye nase-Armenia, eCaucasus, eTurkey, e-Alps naseBalkan. Zikhula zakha i-rosette yamaqabunga angaphezulu noma amancane angunxantathu, anokuphakama okungajwayelekile ukudlula amasentimitha ama-3 ukuphakama. Bakhiqiza ama-stolon amaningi, ngakho-ke bagcina sebakha amaqembu amakhulu noma amancane.

Banakekelwa kanjani?

Uma unemibuzo yokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani lezi zitshalo ezinhle, landela iseluleko sethu:

Indawo

Iningi lamanzi amnandi kufanele zibekwe endaweni enelanga, kepha kukhona ezinye, njenge I-Haworthia, ukuthi kungcono ukuzivikela elangeni phakathi nesikhathi sosuku.

Ukunisela

Okuvamile. Okufanelekile, ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola umswakama we-substrate ngaphambi kokuchelela. Ukwenza lokhu ungafaka induku yokhuni ezacile futhi ubone ukuthi umhlaba unamathele kangakanani kuyo: uma bekukuningi, ngeke kudingeke ukunisela.

Okunye ongakhetha kukho ukusebenzisa imitha yedijithali yomswakama, noma ukukala ibhodwe ngaphambi kokuchelela futhi ngemuva kwalokho.

Ikesi elikhethekile: ubusika obuneqhwa

Uma uhlala endaweni lapho kuthwame khona isithwathwa ebusika, ukuchelela ngaleyo nkathi kufanele kube kuncane kakhulu. Eqinisweni, akufanele kuniselwe uma kulindeleke amazinga okushisa e-subzero njengoba kungenjalo izimpande zingabanda.

Ukhumbula lokhu, uma isithwathwa sivela kaningi, kungcono ukuchelela kanye ngenyanga.

Substrate noma inhlabathi

Kufanele ube nokuhle kakhulu amanzi. Ngokwami ​​ukubona Ngincoma ukuthi usebenzise isihlathi (kuyathengiswa lapha), noma uyihlanganise nencane - engaphansi kuka-30% - yendawo yokukhula yendawo yonke (isendalini lapha).

Noma kunjalo, uma unabo ebhodweni ungasebenzisa futhi i-mulch (isendalini lapha) kuxutshwe ne-perlite (kuyathengiswa lapha) kuma-50%.

Umbhalisile

Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo kumele bakhokhelwe ngamanyolo wamaminerali. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo oketshezi we-cacti nama-succulents (kuyathengiswa lapha), noma ungangeza isipuni esincane seNitrofoska njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15.

Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha

Noma ngabe ufuna ukutshala kubo engadini noma ushintshe ibhodwe, into okufanele uyenze njalo eminyakeni emibili, isikhathi esifanelekile sisentwasahlobo.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ukuthola amakhophi amasha ungayihlwanyela imbewu yayo embhedeni wembewu nge-vermiculite ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo noma ehlobo; noma thatha ama-stem cuttings bese uwafaka ezimbizeni nge-substrate enesihlabathi, njengesihlathi, ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo.

Izinambuzane

Izinambuzane ezingathinta izitshalo esizithandayo yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Izibungu: njengesicabucabu esibomvu. Ziyizilwane ezondla ngobuningi bamaqabunga, zishiya amabala akhanyayo. Ngenhlanhla, zisuswa kalula ngokuhlanza isitshalo ngensipho namanzi amancane, noma nge-acaricide (esendalini lapha).
• Iminenke nama-slugs: badla zonke izingxenye zama-succulent, kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi uma sibashiya singagcina sibalahlekele ngaphansi kokucabanga kwethu. Ukwenza? Phatha izitshalo nge-molluscicide noma usebenzise ikhambi elixosha ama-mollusk, njengalawo esikutshela kuwo le enye indatshana.
• Ama-Mealybugs:, kude, yisinambuzane esicasula kunazo zonke, esivela minyaka yonke. Ziphinde zidle ubisi, ikakhulukazi amahlumela amancane. Yize ungazisusa ngesibulali zinambuzane sokulwa ne-mealybug (kuyathengiswa lapha) noma ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa lapha).
• Izikelemu zomhlaba: yizibungu zezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezidla izimpande zezitshalo. Ukugwema lokhu, uma ama-succulent etshalwa ezimbizeni, kufanele kusetshenziswe ama-substrates amasha; futhi uma zisemhlabathini kungasiza ukutshala I-patula patula vala njengoba ibaxosha.
• Amacimbi: amacimbi adla emaqabungeni kwesinye isikhathi futhi naseziqu. Ukuyigwema, noma ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwayo, kungakuhle ukwelashwa ngeDiazinon.
• Ama-Rodents: Bangaba imilutha yezinhlobo ezithile, njengeSedum. Ukugwema lokhu, kungcono ukubheja kuma-repellants e-ultrasound.

Izifo zezitshalo ezinoshukela

Ngokuyinhloko, yilokhu okulandelayo:

• Isikhunta se-parasitic: lungile, i-fusarium, ukubola, i-botrytis. Sizokwazi ukuthi linani uma sibona izindawo ezinsundu, ezibomvu, ezimhlophe noma ezimpunga kwenye indawo. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukufaka isikhunta (siyathengiswa Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele.).
• Amagciwane nama-virus: kuma-succulent awavamile kakhulu, kepha angadala ama-mosaic anemibala emaqabungeni. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukususa izingxenye ezithintekile.

Izinkinga

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu abanazo yilezi ezilandelayo:

Ukunisela ngokweqile

Ukunisela ngokweqile kuyinkinga enkulu engathinta iziphuzo. Ngakho-ke, uma sibona ukuthi zithamba futhi uma i-substrate imanzi kakhulu, kufanele sishintshe umhlaba okukodwa okufana ne-pumice ene-30% peat, kanye nokwelashwa nge-fungicide. Yini enye, sizokwehlisa imvamisa yokunisela, ukuchelela kuphela lapho inhlabathi isomile ngokuphelele.

Bola

Kungaba kusuka emaqabungeni, iziqu kanye / noma izimpande. Kwenzeka lapho siweqa ngokunisela, uma umswakama wezemvelo uphakeme kakhulu, noma uma siwutshala ebhodweni elinepuleti ngaphansi elihlala linamanzi njalo.

Ukwenza? Susa izingxenye ezithintekile, shintsha i-substrate ukuze ibe ne-drainage engcono, bese unisela kancane amanzi.

I-Ethiolation

Kwenzeka lapho bengenakho ukukhanya okwanele. Amaqabunga neziqu kuthuthukiswa ngaphezu kwesidingo ukuze sikwazi ukuthwebula ukukhanya okuningi, sikhulele kulowo mthombo onamandla amakhulu. Ngokwenza njalo, baba buthakathaka kakhulu, futhi ngokushesha bayagoba ngoba abakwazi ukuxhasa isisindo sabo.

Ukwenza? Beka isitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile, okungenani okwesikhashana, ngoba ukube bekuyikho, bekuzoshisa. Kufanele ujwayele kancane kancane. Futhi, uma kuyi-Haworthia, iGasteria noma iSempervivum, kufanele igcinwe isethunzini njalo.

Ukushisa

Ukusha kuvela lapho isitshalo esingajwayelekile siba nelanga eliqondile, noma uma sigcinwe endlini eceleni kwewindi. Zenzeka cishe ubusuku bonke, ngakho-ke uma i-crass yakho inayo, kufanele uyise endaweni evikelekile. Vele, khumbula ukuthi lezi zindawo ngeke zinyamalale; zizophola, yebo, kepha isitshalo sizohlala sinendawo encane ensundu.

Isibindi

Kuzoya ngohlobo, kepha iningi lisekela amakhaza abuthakathaka futhi ngezikhathi ezithile angafika ku -2ºC, inqobo nje uma zingezesikhashana. Vele, zonke zidinga ukuvikelwa esichothweni.

Idizayini enama-succulents hhayi ama-cacti

Manje njengoba wazi izitshalo eziningi ezinamanzi nokunakekelwa kwazo, ungaba nentshisekelo yokwazi ukuhlobisa ikhaya lakho noma ingadi ngazo, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba siqale, ake ngikunikeze amathiphu ambalwa:

• Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo: kubalulekile ukubheka usayizi wabantu abadala ukuthi isitshalo ngasinye ofuna ukusisebenzisa ukuhlobisa sinakwa, ngoba uma kungenjalo esikhathini esimaphakathi noma eside kuzodingeka ushintshe ukwakheka.
• Cabangela isimo sezulu: Uma uzoba nazo ngaphandle, cabanga ukuthi ziyizitshalo ezingawuthandi kakhulu amakhaza, ngakho-ke uma kukhona amakhaza endaweni yakho kuzodingeka uwavikele ngendwangu yokulwa nesithwathwa njengesibonelo.
• Ukuthi abaswele ukukhanya: bangaba kulokho engithanda ukukubiza ngokuthi "isithunzi esikhanyayo", okungukuthi, endaweni lapho kunokukhanya okuningi. Manje, uma ukhulisa iLithops, iPleiospilos, noma ezinye izitshalo ezifuna ilanga, kungcono ukuthi zitholakale kuzo ngqo (cabanga ukuzijwayeza zona ngaphambili ukuze zingashi).

Ama-Terrariums

Akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuba nengadi encane endlini yakho? Kunezinambuzane eziningi ezijwayela kahle izikhala ezincane, njenge-aquarium esetshenzisiwe kabusha noma i-terrarium. Noma ulawula ukuthambisa okuningi, uqinisekisa ukuthi i-substrate yoma kahle ngaphambi kokunisela futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nakho ezitsheni zeglasi.

Hlobisa ingaphandle

Isibonelo, ensimini yamatshe noma engadini enamanzi, ama-succulent ahle kakhulu, inqobo nje uma isimo sezulu silungile nomhlabathi unamapayipi amahle kakhulu. Ungenza futhi izingoma ezinhle ezimbizeni nakuma-planter. Bheka lezi zithombe:

Izingadi eziqondile ezimnandi

Bathandwa kakhulu, futhi iqiniso ukuthi babukeka bakhulu cishe noma kuphi. Ungazenza ngokhuni, noma uthenge eyodwa bese umane utshale izitshalo ezilungiswe kahle kakhulu (ngokuvamile, yizo ezincane njenge-Echeveria, Sempervivum, Pleiospilos, njll.).

Lezi zithombe ezintathu zivela kuFlickr, umsebenzisi uFarOutFlora.

Imibono eminingi yokuhlobisa

Uma udinga eminye imibono, nakhu ke. Zijabulele:

Ucabangani ngalezi zitshalo? Unayo?