Iintyatyambo zaseJapan

EJapan banethamsanqa lokuzonwabela, unyaka nonyaka, iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentyatyambo ezinobuhle bazo obubalasele nakweyiphi na imbonakalo yomhlaba. Zintle kakhulu, kangangokuba ilizwe liphela alinakunceda ekuhlwayeleni imbewu kumazwe abo, kangangokuba kule mihla, xa amagama afana necherry yaseJapan (ukuqhama kweetsheri ngesiNgesi), abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba yintoni umthi.

Ngoku, ayisosityalo sodwa esitsala umdla. Ngaphezulu, kukho iintyatyambo ezininzi zaseJapan ezikhulileyo, hayi kwizitiya ezivela kuzo kuphela, kodwa nakweminye imimandla.

Iintyatyambo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yaseJapan, ngonaphakade. Kakade ngexesha lama-Samurai (malunga ne-XNUMX leminyaka yexesha lethu) babezinze kubo kangangokuba bazitsalela kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba, baziguqulela zaba zii-bouquets, bade banqulwa babhiyozelwa (njengoko kusenziwa nanamhlanje, ngasendleleni, ngexesha lomnyhadala we IHanami, ngexesha lentwasahlobo).

Kodwa zintoni ezo? Ewe, zezi zilandelayo:

I-cherry yaseJapan okanye i-sakura

Yile nto sonke siyaziyo. Ethandwa kakhulu. Kodwa lumka, akukho luhlobo lunye kuphela, kodwa kukho ezinye ezimbalwa. Zonke ziyimithi enqabileyo yohlobo lwePrunus. Ezinye zezona zixabisekileyo kwilizwe labo lemvelaphi zezi:

• IPrunus 'Kiku-Shidare-Zakura': okanye ngokulula uShidare Zakura, ngumthi waseJapan ofikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-20. Isithsaba sayo sibanzi kwaye sishinyene kakhulu, kwaye sivelisa inani elikhulu leentyatyambo ezipinki ezifanayo nezo zechrysanthemums ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Prunus serrulata: Yintyatyambo yaseJapan, nangona ikhula eKorea nase China. Inokufikelela kubude obungangeemitha ezingama-20, ngesithsaba esixineneyo nesibanzi. Iintyatyambo zawo zimhlophe okanye zipinki, kwaye zivela ngo-Epreli-Meyi enyakatho yeikhweyitha. Kucingwa ukuba ngumqondiso welizwe laseJapan. Kukho iindidi ngeendidi, ezinje nge 'Spontanea' okanye 'Serrulata'.
• I-Prunus x yedoensis: Yindalo yendalo phakathi IPrunus speciosa (ebizwa ngokuba yiOshima zakura eJapan) kunye Prunus pendula f. inyuka (Edo higan). Ifikelela kubude obuziimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-12, inesithsaba esishinyeneyo. Iyadubula ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ivelisa iintyatyambo ezipinki ezimhlophe okanye ezimhlophe.

UCamellia waseJapan

Izityalo zohlobo Camellia Yimithi kunye namatyholo azalelwe eAsia, apho zininzi khona eTshayina naseJapan. Kuzo zonke iintlobo ezikhoyo, eyona idumileyo yile UCamellia japonica, ozalelwe eJapan.

Inokufikelela kubude obuyi-1 ukuya kwi-6 yeemitha, kwaye amagqabi ayo ahlala ixesha elide, enesikhumba, kwaye enombala oluhlaza oqaqambileyo. Ientyatyambo entwasahlobo, Ukuvelisa iintyatyambo ezipinki, ezibomvu okanye ezimhlophe.

Chrysanthemum

I-chrysanthemum, okanye i-kiku ngesiJapan, sisityalo esingapheliyo esizalelwa e-Asiya esifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha eziyi-1,5 zoluhlobo IChrysanthemum. Iziqu zayo zimi nkqo, kwaye amanye amagqabi ayaphuma kuwo, anekona okanye i-lanceolate, umphezulu wawo ubengezela okomlilo kwaye ngaphantsi kwawo kunoboya. Kodwa, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ixabiso layo lokuhombisa linikwa ziintyatyambo zalo, ezihlanganisiweyo, zilinganisa ukuya kwiisentimitha eziyi-8 ubukhulu kwaye zinemibala eyahlukeneyo (omthubi, obomvu, orenji, pinki, ...). Iibhloko ziwa.

Njengomdla, ukutsho ukuba yaziswa eJapan ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, kwaye umlawuli owayenelizwe emva koko walisebenzisa njengetywina lobukumkani. Namhlanje, uzukisiwe ngexesha leJapan Chrysanthemum Festival okanye Choyo no Sekku.

Mossy phlox

I-Mossy phlox, okanye i-moss yeentyatyambo, iyinzalelwane engapheliyo kwimpuma yeNtla Melika, kodwa ithandwa kakhulu eJapan, apho ibizwa ngokuba shibazakura. Yeyazo iintlobo Phlox subulata, kwaye ifikelela kubude beesentimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-15.

Amagqabi ayo amhlophe, aluhlaza, kwaye ivelisa iintyatyambo entwasahlobo ngemibala eyahlukeneyo (epinki, i-lilac, emhlophe, i-lavender eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ebomvu)

iphitshi

Ipesika o momo eJapan ngumthi onqabileyo okwangowohlobo lwePrunus; Nangona kunjalo, ndicinge kufanelekile ukwahlulahlula njengoko ingeyiyo kwaseJapan, kodwa ivela e-China, e-Iran nase-Afghanistan. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu IPrunus persica, kwaye yaziswa kwilizwe laseJapan kwixesha le-Yayoi, malunga ne-300 BC. C.

Ifikelela kubude obumalunga ne-6-8 yeemitha, kwaye amagqabi ayo ane-oblong-lanceolate ukuya kwi-elliptical. Iintyatyambo zawo ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo, phambi kwamagqabi, kwaye zipinki. Ukongeza, ivelisa iziqhamo ezinokutyiwa.

Ipomea Uzuko lwasekuseni

'Uzuko lwasekuseni' okanye i-asagao ngesiJapan yimifuno yesiqhelo esinokuthi ukunyuka okufikelela kubude obufikelela kwimitha enye ngokufumana inkxaso. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu Ipomoea nil yaziwa ngokuba yi-bluebell okanye bluebell. Yaziswa eJapan ngexesha lika-Heian (AD 794-1185).

Amagqabi ayo axhonyiwe, aluhlaza, kwaye ivelisa iintyatyambo ehlotyeni ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omsobo, omhlophe, opinki okanye obomvu.

Orenji osmanthus

I-Osmanthus, okanye yingcokusei ngesiJapan, sisihlahla esihlala sihlaza esiphakathi nendawo okanye umthi ofikelela kubude obuziimitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-12 kwaye zezentlobo Iziqholo zaseOsmanthus. Inzalelwane e-Asiya, ngakumbi, ukusuka kwii-Himalaya ukuya e-China kunye nase-Japan esezantsi.

Amagqabantshintshi e-lanceolate, apheleleyo kunye nomda opheleleyo okanye omncinci. Ivelisa iintyatyambo zeorenji ezinuka kamnandi kule meko ehlotyeni.

Ucinga ntoni ngezi ntyatyambo zaseJapan? Ngaba uyabazi abanye?