Ukuba kukho uhlobo lwesityalo emhlabeni esitsala umdla okhethekileyo Isityalo esidla inyama. Nangona eyona idumileyo kuzo zonke yile nto siyaziyo njengeVenus flytrap, nangesiLatin UDionaea muscipula, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngeentlobo zazo; kunye namakhulu, ukuba ayingamawaka, eembewu.
Ukwazi imvelaphi yayo kunye nokuyibona kwimifanekiso yenye into, kodwa ukufunda indlela yokuyihlakulela yenye into.. Akunzima, nangona ndicinga ukuba ukhathalelo oludingayo alufani ncam njengoko ludinga, umzekelo, igeranium.
Yintoni isityalo esidla inyama?
Isityalo esidlayo, okanye isityalo esingenambuzane, Yeyona ifuna ukuzingela izinambuzane ukuze izondle. Lo ngumlinganiso wokuziqhelanisa nendawo apho umhlaba unentsilelo enkulu ye-nitrogen, kwaye ihlala i-asidi kwaye ihlala iphantse ibe ihlala ifumile.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahluka-hlukeneyo ezingama-600 zezityalo ezidla inyama, ezahlulahlulwa zaba zii-11 zezityalo, ezona zilinywa kakhulu zezi: ISarracenia, UDionaea, NgeCawe y Nepenthes.
Zikhula phi izityalo ezitya inyama?
Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo, kodwa Ngokubanzi zizalelwe kwimimandla yetropiki nakwindawo ezitshisayo zehlabathi. Zihlala zikwimimandla enamgxobhozo, iigodo kunye nezinto ezinje. Nangona i-priori inokubonakala ingaqhelekanga, eYurophu sinezinye iintlobo zemveli, ezinje:
- ISundew rotundifolia
- IDrosophyllum lusitanicum
- Unombombiya waseLusitanian
Iindidi zemigibe yezityalo ezidla inyama
Ezi zityalo zihlelwa ngeendlela ngeendlela, kwaye enye yazo ngohlobo lomgibe. Ezinye zinobuqili kunabanye, kodwa zonke ziguqukele ekubambeni izinambuzane. Ke, sinako ukwahlula ukuya kwiindidi ezintandathu zemigibe:
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- Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Jan Wieneke
- Ubume be-Tube: Le yimeko yeSarracenia umzekelo, okanye yeHeliamphora. Ngamagqabi agqityiweyo amile njengebhubhu, ezaliswe lulwelo (amanzi). Ezi zinambuzane zitsalwa yincindi efihlwa zizityalo, kodwa ukuba azilumkanga ziyatyibilika, ze ziwele ngaphakathi apho zirhaxayo.
- Ijagi emile: Iyafana neyangaphambili, kodwa bahlala benendima esinokuthi siyichaze 'njengomnqwazi'. Ngumgibe oqhelekileyo waseNepenthes, isityalo, ukongeza kwimigibe efana nale, sinamagqabi aqhelekileyo, anakho ukwenza ifotosinthesize.
- Uluhlu lwamagama: sisixhobo esincangathi esinaso iSundew kunye nePinguicula kwinxalenye ephezulu yamagqabi aso. Luhlobo "lweglu" olusebenzayo ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ezincinci, ezinje ngeengcongconi okanye iimpukane ezincinci.
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- Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Stefan.lefnaer
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- Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / MFdeS
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- Imigibe ngokuvula / ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo: yimeko ye-Utricularia. Zivelisa imigibe emile okwe-bladder, enomngxuma otsala izinambuzane ezincinci okanye izilwanyana ezidlulayo. Xa eyetyisile, uyayivula kwakhona.
- Yenziwe njengomlomo: oku kuqhelekile kwiDionaea. Kumda ngamnye wemiphetho yazo zinee-tweezers okanye amazinyo, kwaye nangaphakathi kumgibe ngamnye zineenwele ezintathu ezinovakalelo kukuchukumisa kwicala ngalinye. Xa isinambuzane sichukumisa ubuncinci besibini phantse ngexesha elinye, okanye enye kabini emgceni kwimizuzwana engaphantsi kwamashumi amabini, umgibe uyavalwa.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwamanani amaninzi: ngamanye amaxesha sifumana izidlo ezitya inyama ezineentlobo ezimbini zemigibe. Umzekelo, i ISundew glanduligera inamagqabi ane-mucilage, eqhelekileyo ngohlobo lwayo, kodwa le migibe ikwanamazinyo.
Zihlala ixesha elingakanani izityalo ezidla inyama?
Kuxhomekeka, kodwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20. Kukho nawuphi na, kukho ezininzi eziphuhlisa iingcambu ze-rhizomatous, apho kuvela khona amahlumela amatsha. Umzekelo, into eqala njengesampulu yeSarracenia ngomgibe omnye, emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu iya kuba sisityalo onokusohlula, ngokuchanekileyo enkosi kwi-rhizome enayo, ekhokelela kum ...:
Zivelisa njani izityalo ezizidlayo?
Uninzi lwezityalo ezidlayo ziyanda, ukongeza kwimbewu, ngokwahlulahlula i-rhizome. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani ngokwetyala:
- Imbewu: ii-carnivores ezininzi zii-hermaphrodites, ezinje nge-Dionaea okanye i-Sarracenia, ngoko ke akuyi kuba nzima kuwe ukufumana imbewu. Kodwa ezo zeNepenthes azilunganga ngokwesini, ke ukuba unayo, eyona nto ilungileyo kukujonga ukuba inkunzi nemazi ziyipoline ngesandla, ngoncedo lwebrashi.
Nje ukuba sinayo imbewu, kufuneka siyityale kwi-substrate efanelekileyo. Umxube osemgangathweni yi-peat moss ngaphandle kokuchumisa nge-perlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo, kwaye siya kuwankcenkceshela nge-gibberellic acid ukukhuthaza ukuhluma kwawo. Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya, cofa apha. - Icandelo leRhizome: Kwenziwa ngokususa isityalo embizeni, ukucoca iingcambu zaso kakuhle kunye namanzi afakiweyo ukufumana indawo eyi-rhizome kakuhle, emva koko ngesikere esineentsholongwane ngaphambili, sahlule isityalo. Isiqwenga ngasinye osishiyileyo kufuneka sibe nehlumelo elinye ubuncinane. Emva koko yityale embizeni kwaye uyigcine emthunzini, nokuba yinto etya inyama efuna ilanga ngqo, ude uyibone ikhula.
Zombini ukuphindaphindwa ngembewu kunye nokwahlula kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe ngexesha elifudumeleyo, njengoko bafuna ubushushu ukuze bakwazi ukukhula.
Iindidi ezili-9 okanye iintlobo zezityalo ezidla inyama
Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi amagama ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezitya inyama? Jonga kakuhle:
I-Cephalotus follicularis
Umfanekiso -Flickr / Miloslav Dobšík
El I-Cephalotus follicularis luhlobo lwendalo lwaseOstreliya, oluthi ifikelela kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-5 kunye nobubanzi beesentimitha ezingama-20. ivelisa iijagi ezininzi eziqala ziluhlaza kwaye ziphele zibebomvu / zimdaka ngombala. Iyayithanda ilanga ngqo, kodwa ibuthathaka kwingqele.
UDionaea muscipula
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Björn S.
Yaziwa njenge venus ifltrtrap, sisitya senyama esinemigibe enamazinyo okanye izikhonkwane. Ikhula eMntla Merika, kwaye ifikelela phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ubude. Ngentwasahlobo ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe, eziphuma kwisiqu seentyatyambo esimalunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ukuphakama. Nangona ungaziqhelanisa nesithunzi-semithunzi, imigibe yayo inombala ongcono elangeni, kungoko kuyacetyiswa ukuyityhila ngokuthe ngcembe kwinkosi yeenkwenkwezi ukuze iqhelane nayo. Iyamelana neqabaka ezibuthathaka, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2ºC.
ISundew capensis
Umfanekiso -Flickr / incidencematrix
La ISundew capensis Inzalelwa e-Afrika, ngakumbi eKapa. Yenye yezona zilinywa kakhulu, ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukubambisa izinambuzane ezincinci ezibhabhayo, kubandakanya iingcongconi. Ikhula ngaphezulu kweesentimitha ezingama-20 ubude. Kuya kufuneka yenziwe mnyama / ibekelwe bucala, kodwa kungenjalo kulula ukuyinyamekela. Ixhasa ubuthathaka kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iqabaka, ukuhla ukuya ku -2ºC.
Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo.
IDrosophyllum lusitanicum
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / incidencematrix
El IDrosophyllum lusitanicumUkuba yenye yeentlobo zemveli zaseSpain (kunye nePortugal) khange siphoswe lithuba lokwazisa. Sifumana emazantsi nasentshona kweIberia. Ifikelela kumasentimitha angama-40 ukuphakama, kwaye ivelise amagqabi afana nalawo esundew, kodwa inde kwaye icolile. Sisityalo esinzima esidinga ilanga kodwa kunye nesiqwenga somhlaba esine-drainage efanelekileyo. Ixhasa iqabaka ebuthathaka.
Heliamphora encinci
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Dals093838 // I-Heliamphora encinci var encinci
La Heliamphora encinci ixhaphakile eVenezuela. Inemigibe emile njengemiphanda, iluhlaza, okanye bomvu elangeni kwaye ixhomekeke kudidi, kwaye malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ubude ebuninzini. Inobuthathaka, njengoko ifuna ukufuma okuphezulu unyaka wonke, ubuninzi kodwa kungakhanyi ngokuthe ngqo, kunye nemozulu ehlala izinzile unyaka wonke, ubuninzi bufikelela kwi-30ºC kunye nobuncinci be-10ºC. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, siyakumema ukuba ufunde ifayile esinayo kwi IHeliamphora.
Nepenthes alata
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Gery Singer
La Nepenthes alata zezona ntlobo zilinywayo kuhlobo lonke. Inzalelwane kwiiPhilippines, kwaye ivelisa amagqabi aluhlaza amile okwe-lanceolate kunye nemigibe ebomvu emile. Inokuba malunga neesentimitha ezingama-30 ubude, kwaye sisityalo esinomdla kakhulu ukuba sibe neembiza ezijingayo. Inqaba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5ºC.
IPinguicula vulgaris
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / xulescu_g
La IPinguicula vulgaris Sisityalo esidla inyama esenza i-rosette yamagqabi aluhlaza umphezulu wawo onomqala, onamathelayo kwizinambuzane ezincinci. Inzalelwa eYurophu, kwaye uninzi lweNyakatho Melika. Ifikelela kumasentimitha angama-3 ukuphakama, Ize ivelise iziqu zeentyatyambo eziyi 16cm. Iintyatyambo zililac. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, iyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka eziphakathi.
ISarracenia purpurea
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Michal Klajban
La ISarracenia purpurea luhlobo lwendalo eMelika naseKhanada. Sisityalo esikhulisa amagqabi ajike abe yimigibe emile ivazi okanye ityhubhu, ibomvu ngombala (iiyure ezininzi elangeni, umbala uya kuba mkhulu) Ifikelela kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30. Iintyatyambo zivela kwisiqu eside, malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20, kwaye zibomvu. Ifuna ilanga ngqo, kunye nemozulu ezinemozulu epholileyo eneeqabaka ezantsi ukuya -4 -C
Utricularia australis
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Hugues TINGUY
La Utricularia australis Sisityalo esidadayo, sasemanzini esidla inyama esikhula phantse kuyo yonke indawo emhlabeni. Uphuhlisa ubude obuziisentimitha ezili-45, kwaye ineentyatyambo ezityheli ezivela kwisikhondo esinamasebe. Ikhula kokubini kwilanga elipheleleyo nakwisithunzi esimnyama, kwaye ixhathisa ukuya kwi -5ºC.
Yintoni inkathalo yesityalo esidla inyama?
Ngoku masiqhubeke nokukhathalela. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siqale kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba ezi yinkathalo ngokubanzi. Zinokwahluka kancinci kuxhomekeke kudidi lwezilwanyana ezitya inyama kunye nemozulu, kuba umzekelo zikhona ezinokuthi zikhule ngaphandle unyaka wonke, kodwa ezinye kuya kufuneka zikhuselwe ebusika.
Ubicación
Izityalo zokutya bafuna ukukhanya, ukuze eyona nto icetyiswayo kukuba nabo ngaphandle, emoyeni ovulekileyo. Kukho ezinye, ezinje ngeSarracenia okanye iDarlingtonia, ethi, ukongeza ekukhanyeni, ifuna ilanga ngqo; kwaye kukho ezinye ezifana neHeliamphora okanye iNepenthes ezikhula emthunzini.
Ukuba kukho iqabaka kwindawo yakho, kuyakufuneka ukhusele kwigreenhouse okanye ekhaya ezo zinemvelaphi yetropiki / yetropiki, ezinje ngeDrosera, iPinguicula, okanye iNepenthes.
Ukufuma kunye nokunkcenkceshela
Ukuhlala kwimimandla efumileyo, zifunwa kakhulu malunga nomswakama, emhlabeni nasemhlabeni. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba babonelelwe ngamanzi amaninzi. Eyona ilungileyo yimvula ecocekileyo necocekileyo, kodwa ukusilela kwakho siya kusebenzisa amanzi afakiweyo. Ukuba sihlala kwindawo apho indalo yomile okanye yomile kakhulu, kuya kufuneka siyitshize yonke imihla, ngakumbi entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni.
Kwimeko apho ngokuchasene noko sikwindawo efumileyo, nokuba kungenxa yokuba kunetha rhoqo, sikwisiqithi okanye kufutshane nonxweme, akuyi kubakho mfuneko yokutshiza.
Ukuba sithetha ngokunkcenkceshela, kuya kuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi rhoqo kuxhomekeke kudidi lwesityalo esidlayo. Ke, ngelixa iSarracenia singabeka ipleyiti phantsi kwaye siyigcine igcwele, abanye abathandi ukuhlala bedibana namanzi.
Inkqutyana
Umxube osemgangathweni yi-peat moss ngaphandle kokuchumisa nge-perlite, ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ukuba sifuna isivuno sigqibelele, kukhethwa ukuba siqwalasele ukuba uhlobo ngalunye lwesidalwa esidla inyama sinomxube waso ocetyiswayo:
- I-cephalotusIipesenti ezingama-60 zeepeat ezimhlophe (ziyathengiswa apha) ngesanti ye-quartz engama-40%.
- IDarlingtonia: i-sphagnum moss, ngokukhethekileyo uhlala.
- UDionaea: Iipesenti ezingama-70 zeepeat ezimhlophe kunye ne-30% ye-perlite.
- NgeCawe: ditto.
- NepenthesI-ditto, okanye i-sphagnum moss (yithenge apha).
- UnombombiyaIipesenti ezimhlophe ezingama-70% nge-perlite engama-30 (xa kuthengiswa apha).
- ISarracenia: ditto.
- utricuraria: ditto.
Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka usebenzise iimbiza zeplastiki ezinemingxunya kwisiseko sazo ukuze zikhule ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Ukutshintshwa
Kuya kufuneka batshintshwe rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-3 okanye emi-4. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ayizizo zonke eziya kufuna utshintsho oluninzi kwimbiza: ezona zincinci, ezinje ngeDionaea, ziya kutshintshela kathathu, mhlawumbi amaxesha amane ebomini babo.
Kwangokunjalo, kufuneka kwenziwe ngentwasahlobo, ukuze kube lula kubo ukuba baqhubeke nokukhula kwabo.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Isityalo esidla inyama siqinile. Kodwa ngakumbi ehlotyeni inokuba ne-mealybugs, kwaye ngexesha lemvula kufuneka ubukele iinkumba, ngakumbi ukuba sinazo iipinguiculas, ngokuba ebadle. Zombini izitshabalalisi zingasuswa ngesandla; eyokuqala nayo ine-diatomaceous earth (iyathengiswa apha).
Ngokuphathelele kwizifo, kunzima kubo ukuba babe nazo. Abo bangafuni manzi maninzi, anje ngeDionaea okanye iNepenthes, banokuphela benengcambu ezibolileyo, umzekelo xa benkcenkceshelwa kakhulu.
Ukuthena
Ayimfuneko, kodwa entwasahlobo iinxalenye ezomileyo kufuneka zisikwe ukuze isityalo sikwazi ukufumana ukukhanya ngakumbi.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Sithetha ngezityalo ezithi abaqhelekanga ukumelana nengqele okanye iqabaka. Ukujolisa kwezona zilinywa kakhulu, ezona ziyixhasayo yiSarracenia kunye neDionaea, kodwa nangona kunjalo, ukuba iqondo lobushushu lehla ngezantsi -2ºC, kuyakufuneka ukubakhusela.
Ukufukama kwesityalo esidla inyama
Umfanekiso -Flickr / Aaron Carlson
Ezi zityalo zimbini zitya inyama, kunye neDrosophyllum kunye neDrosera yemozulu epholileyo (njenge D. angustifolia), Kuya kufuneka bachithe enye into ebandayo / ebandayo ebusika. Ke ngoko, ukuba zikhuliswe kwimimandla eshushu okanye efudumeleyo, kufuneka zigcinwe efrijini iiveki ezimbalwa. Ke ngoko, baya kuhlamba kakuhle ngamanzi afakwe amanzi, i-rhizome iya kukhuselwa nge-vermiculite kunye neplastiki, kwaye baya kubekwa kwisitya-ngesiciko-. Emva koko, ziya kwaziswa kwisixhobo, kwinxalenye yeesoseji, ubisi, njl.
