Xa sithetha nge-oki sibhekisa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zohlobo lweQuercus ezineempawu ezifanayo kunye neemfuno. Ngokubanzi, zizityalo ezinenqanaba lokukhula kancinci kodwa kodwa, nangona kunjalo, zinokonwabela ubomi obude.
Ngabo kunokwenzeka ukuba babe negadi ebabazekayo, enye yezo zidala apho kwakulula kakhulu ukunqamla kwisiqhelo kwaye phantse unonxibelelwano ngqo nendalo. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi yonke into malunga nomthi omkhulu wom-oki?
Imvelaphi kunye neempawu
I-oki luthotho lwemithi enqabileyo esasazwa eMelika iphela, e-Asiya nase-Yurophu, ifunyanwa ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-2000 yeemitha ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle, ikhula kumhlaba ohlala ungenayo ikalika.. Amagqabi alo makhulu, ade afike kwi-18cm ubude, anemiphetho enesirinji kakhulu, aluhlaza ngombala ngaphandle kwekwindla xa eba mthubi okanye abe bomvu phambi kokuwa.
Ihlathi lezi zityalo laziwa njenge-oki, oki, okanye i-oki. Iintlobo ezibizwa ngolu hlobo zezi:
- I-Quercus faginea: yaziwa ngokuba yiCarrasqueño ok, iValencian oki okanye iQuejigo, ngumthi onqabileyo omthonyama kummandla weMeditera. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-20 ukuphakama, kwaye idubula phakathi kuka-Epreli noMeyi, ngaphambi kom-oki. Bona ifayile.
- UQuercus humilis: eyaziwa ngokuba yi-oak, ngumthi onqabileyo oqhele ukufikelela kwi-10-15 yeemitha, nangona unokufikelela kwi-25m. Inzalelwa kumbindi nakumazantsi eYurophu, eTurkey naseCrimea, kodwa isemngciphekweni wokuphela ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala. Iyadubula entwasahlobo.
- UQuercus petraea: yaziwa ngokuba yi-sessile oki okanye i-oki yasebusika, ngumthi onqabileyo owazalelwa kwiintaba zase-Yurobhu, ofumaneka kwi-beech, birch, sessile pine kunye / okanye kwamanye amahlathi e-oki. Iintyatyambo zayo zihluma malunga no-Epreli-Meyi.
- I-Quercus pyrenaica: eyaziwa ngokuba yi-melojo okanye i-rebollo, ngumthi onqabileyo owomileyo kwiPeninsula yase-Iberia, eMntla Afrika naseFrance efikelela kwiimitha ezingama-25 ukuphakama. E-Andalusia (eSpain) luhlobo olukhuselwe ngumthetho. Bona ifayile.
- UQuercus robur: eyaziwa njenge-oki eqhelekileyo, i-oki yehashe, i-cajiga okanye i-ash oki, ngumthi onqabileyo oyinzalelwane yase-Europe, ofunyenwe ngokudibana ne-beech okanye i-oki. Ngumthi wesizwe waseJamani naseLatvia. Bona ifayile.
- Iquercus rubraEyaziwa ngokuba yi-American Red Oak, i-American Red Boreal Oak, okanye i-Oak Red Oak, ngumthi onqabileyo omthonyama kumantla mpuma e-United States, empuma mpuma Canada nase mpuma mpuma Mexico. Ifikelela kwiimitha ezingama-35-40 ukuphakama, kwaye yenye yeentlobo ezintle, kuba ekwindla amagqabi ajika abe bomvu. Bona ifayile (kwaye uzivumele uthandwe 😉).
Ixesha labo lokuphila linokubakho ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-200 ukuya kweli-1600, ixesha elide kunaso nasiphi na isilwanyana.
Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?
Ukuba ufuna ukuba nomzekelo wom-oki, sicebisa ukuba sikunike oku kulandelayo:
sezulu
Imozulu ethandekayo kulo luhlobo olushushu. Izidingo zokuziva ukudlula kwamaxesha onyaka; Oko kukuthi, ukuze ikhule kakuhle kubalulekile ukuba kushushu ehlotyeni (ngaphandle kokufikelela kuma-40ºC, ewe), kwaye ebusika iqondo lobushushu lehle lingaphantsi ko-0ºC.
Ubicación
Ukuba sisityalo esikhulu, kufuna indawo enkulu ukuze sikhule. Ke, kufuneka ityalwe kwigadi ebanzi, kumgama omalunga neemitha ezili-10 ukusuka kwimibhobho, iindonga, njl njl, nakwezinye izityalo ezide.
Umhlaba
- Jadini: Ikhula kumhlaba ochumileyo, ovulekileyo, ozele zizinto eziphilayo kwaye uhlala utsha.
- Imbiza yeentyatyamboUkulinywa kwayo kwisikhongozeli akukhuthazwa, nangona kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala yobutsha kunokwenzeka ukuba igcinwe apho kunye ne-substrate yezityalo ezineasidi.
Unkcenkceshelo
Um-oki sisityalo esithi ayimelana nembalela, kodwa ayikuthandi ukugcwala kwamanzi kakhulu. Ngesi sizathu, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ujonge ukufuma ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela, umzekelo ngokwazisa intonga ebhityileyo eyenziwe ngomthi (ukuba iphuma nomhlaba omninzi wokubambelela xa uyikhupha, asizukunkcenkceshela).
Olunye ukhetho kukuzisa imitha yokufuma yedijithali, okanye ukuba ibunjiwe, yilinganise kwakhona xa unkcenkceshela kwaye kwakhona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
Kuya kufuneka usebenzise amanzi emvula okanye angenayo ikalika.
Umbhalisi
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyihlawule ngeguano (iyathengiswa apha), umgquba okanye ezinye izichumisi zasekhaya kanye ngenyanga. Ukuba unayo embizeni, sebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi, ezinje enye yezityalo zeasidi ezilandela izikhombisi ezichazwe kwiphakheji.
Ukuthena
Ayisiyomfuneko. Susa kuphela isebe elomileyo, eligulayo, elibuthathaka okanye elaphukileyo.
Ukuphindaphinda
Um-oki yanda ngembewu ebusika, kuba kufuneka ibande ngaphambi kokuntshula. Indlela yokuqhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukugcwalisa itupperware enesiciko esine-vermiculite yangaphambili emanzi.
- Emva koko, imbewu ihlwayelwe kwaye ubhedu okanye isulfure ziyafafazwa ukunqanda ukubonakala komngundo.
- Emva koko zigutyungelwe ngumaleko we-vermiculite -kwaye ifumile-, kwaye i-tupperware igutyungelwe.
- Emva koko, itupperware ibekwa efrijini, kwindawo yesoseji njalo njalo iinyanga ezintathu.
- Kanye ngeveki, iyakususwa kwaye ivulwe ukuvuselela umoya.
- Emva kweeveki ezilishumi elinambini, imbewu iya kutyalwa kwiimbiza ezimalunga ne-10,5 cm ubukhulu kunye ne-substrate yezityalo ze-asidi.
Ke, ziya kuhluma kwiiveki ezi-2-3.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Ngokubanzi, Iyamelana neqabaka ezantsi ukuya kwi - 18ºC kwaye ayichaphazeli kade, kodwa ayikwazi ukuhlala kwiindawo ezitshisayo okanye ezitshisayo. Mna ngokwam-ndihlala emazantsi eMallorca, amaqondo obushushu onyaka -1ºC ubuncinci kunye nama-5ºC ubuninzi-ndinenkukhu kwaye ayikhuli kwaphela.
Isebenzisa ntoni?
Umhlobiso
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ixabiso layo lokuhombisa liphezulu kakhulu. Njengomzekelo owodwa uyamangalisa. Ukongeza, inika umthunzi olunge kakhulu.
Ikwasebenza njenge bonsai.
Ukutya kweenkomo
Iicorn abazivelisayo zihlala zinikezelwa ukondla imfuyo.
Umthi wom-oki
Kuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye kulula ukusebenza nokusika. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo, kunye nokuhombisa ngaphakathi. Ngayo iivili, iimoto, ileli, iibhlorho, oololiwe oololiwe, iinqwelo kunye neetetera ezinde zenziwe.
Ukuza kuthi ga apha oki. Ucinga ntoni ngale mithi? Unayo?
Ndinomthi we-oki okhule ubude kwaye nesiqu sawo sibhityile.
Ngaba kufuneka ndilinde ixesha lokudlula okanye lingafakwa isichumiso ngento efanelekileyo?
Molo uMaria Fernanda.
Ukuze isiqu sikhule sityebile, kubalulekile ukuba sibekwe ngaphandle, kwindawo eqaqambileyo, kwaye embizeni ekufuneka ibanzi ibe banzi kwaye inzulu. Kukwabalulekile ukuyihlawula ngesichumisi, esifana neguyano, umgquba, isigcina-kufuma, okanye ukuba uyafuna, isichumiso esithile siyathengiswa kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana. Ewe kubalulekile ukuba ulandele imiyalelo echazwe kwiphakheji.
Ukubulisa
Molo uMonica, okokuqala enkosi ngebhlog, iluncedo kakhulu kunye nolwazi olupheleleyo.
Ndinee-oki ezintathu, ezimbini zihlumile (ngefaskoti emanzi kunye nendlela ye-aluminium) endiyityalayo kwiimbiza ezahlukeneyo ekupheleni kukaJulayi kulo nyaka (uNombolo 30 no-25 ubukhulu beembiza). Eyesithathu ibisemhlabeni ukusukela ngoMatshi kodwa kwiinyanga nje ezi-2 ezidlulileyo iqale ukuphuma emhlabeni (bendixovula umhlaba kwaye bendisusa ezinye ii-acorn ezibolileyo).
Ingxaki kukuba zonke ezi-3 ziyekile ukukhula, zombini kubungakanani besitatshi kunye namagqabi, njengenyanga enesiqingatha eyadlulayo. Ndisuka eArgentina, nantsi intwasahlobo kwaye ngaphambi kokungena kuyo babekhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ngelixa sasishiya ubusika. Ndineengxaki ngee-aphids kwaye ndibeka iyeza lokubulala izinambuzane (ivumba elibi, andikukhuthazi, ngcono indalo). Ndilungisa ii-aphids kodwa kwaphuma amabala amthubi ambalwa (andazi nokuba yayisisibulali zinambuzane okanye kukutshiswa lilanga xa unkcenkceshelwa). Ndicinga ukuba ukubanjwa kokukhula kungangumhlaba ababenawo, owawuphakathi ngokuqinileyo, ndawutshintsha WONKE umhlaba waba ngu-3 ndaza ndabeka umgquba kuwo (ukugcina iingcambu zitshonile emanzini kunye nokuphepha ilanga ngexesha lenkqubo). Olu tshintsho lomhlaba aluzange lubenze bakhule kwakhona. Okokugqibela, ukungunda kwePowdery kwavela kwiiveki ezi-3 ezidlulileyo, kwaye kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo wafafaza iSepha yePotassium (kanye ngeveki).
I-oki kwiimbiza zinemibala engcono (eyona inkulu isabonisa ukungunda komgubo). Lowo osemhlabeni ngequbuliso wavela amachaphaza amnyama amaninzi kumagqabi amabini kwaye ulahla umbala (ndiqinisekile ndisebenzisa i-iron sulfate). Ngaphandle kokukhula, kulungile ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium kunye ne-magnesium kumhlaba we-oki?
Ukuphakama abahleli kuko ngama-22cm (N ° 30), 12.5cm (umhlaba) kunye ne-8cm (N ° 25).
Ndishiya imifanekiso ukuba iluncedo. Ukubulisa.
https://ibb.co/qnrnNgV
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Molo Joaquin.
Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngamazwi akho 🙂
Ngokusekwe kumbuzo wakho, ngoku ukuba bakhulile kancinane, licebo elilungileyo ukuqala ukubabhatala, ewe. Kodwa ukuba unako, zama ukufumana iiguano, abazithengisayo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo. Inkqubo ye- iguano yinto yendalo (ivela kwinkunkuma yeentaka zaselwandle okanye amalulwane), kwaye iqulethe izondlo eziyimfuneko ukuze imithi emincinci iqhubeke nokukhula kakuhle.
Ngapha koko, ukuba unobhedu olungumgubo, ngekhe kubangele ukuphosa intwana kwindawo nganye, kuba kule minyaka yabo basemngciphekweni wokungunda kwaye ubhedu lubagcina lukhuselekile.
Ukubulisa
Akukho ngxaki.
Ngomso ndikhangele i-guano kunye ne-sulfate yethusi (ndalingwa ukuba ndisebenzise izinto esele ndinazo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iguano ingcono).
Inye into endilibele ukuyibuza, akukho ngxaki na ukuba le mithi mibini yom-oki iseziimbizeni sele ilungisiwe, okanye kungcono ulinde ixesha layo?
Imibuliso kunye nemibulelo: 3
Molo Joaquin.
Ngokwamava, iguano sisichumiso esisebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, esinokuthelekiswa nezichumisi zemichiza, kodwa ngoncedo lokuba yinto yendalo. Inye kuphela into yokuba sele ekwindla andizukucebisa ukuchumisa izityalo zakho rhoqo; Oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho iqabaka kwindawo yakho kwiinyanga ezimbini umzekelo, ngekhe kulunge ukuyihlawula kube kanye ngeveki kuba into abayifunayo kukuphumla, hayi ukukhula. Umrhumo wenyanga kufuneka wanele.
Ngentwasahlobo, ewe, inokuhlawulwa rhoqo (uhlala ulandela imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa).
Ngokumalunga nombuzo wakho, kuxhomekeke ekubeni iqabaka liqala nini. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka okungenani babe neenyanga ezimbini "zemozulu elungileyo" ukuze bakwazi ukudlula ngokufakelwa.
Ukubulisa
Sawubona Monica.
I-guano sele isebenza (Khange ndifumane isalphate yesalfure, kodwa iguano inobhedu). Intombazana encinci sele ikhula amagqabi amatsha asi-7 kwaye kubonakala ukuba amatsha aza kuphuma kungekudala ( https://ibb.co/gD64YN8 ). Umhlaba omnye usasaza isiqu kodwa ucothe ( https://ibb.co/7VBJQc5 ). Imbiza enkulu ihlala injalo okwangoku.
Ndibuza malunga nokufakelwa kwakhona kuba i-nursery yandixelela ukuba ndilinde unyaka ngaphambi kokuyibeka phantsi. Ngokucacileyo ezo zenziwe ngeplastikhi zingcono (ngokwembala kunye nezifo) kodwa andazi ukuba ukubakho emhlabeni okuninzi kunxamnye nokufakelwa.
Ngoku apha eArgentina kusentwasahlobo. Apho ndihlala khona, amaqondo obushushu awazange wehle ngaphantsi kwe-1 ° C (ukuba yenzekile ibiyimini ekhethekileyo). Ebusika kunqabile ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-5 ° C nangaphezulu kwe-16 °. Ehlotyeni kunqabile ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-30 ° C (ngaphandle kokudlula kuma-38 ° C) kwaye kwehle ngezantsi kwe-19 ° C.
Ukubulisa
Molo Joaquin.
Wowu, zikhangeleka zintle ngoku. Ndiyakuvuyela 🙂
Ukuphendula umbuzo wakho, kuyinyani ukuba kufanelekile ukulinda kancinci ngaphambi kokuyibeka emhlabeni, nangaphezulu ukuba ibisembizeni ixesha elincinci ukusukela ukuba iyasuswa kwaye ayigqibanga ukuxhasa, yintoni ibhola yengcambu Ngaba iya kuwa ngaphandle kwaye umthi ube nexesha elinzima lokudlula kufakelo. Kodwa ukuba uyabona ukuba ineengcambu eziphuma emingxunyeni embizeni, iya kuba licebo elihle ukuyibeka phantsi.
Ukubulisa
Sawubona Monica.
Yiza, ndilinde ukuba ingcambu ikhule. Ngoku kuhlala kubanika inkathalelo efanelekileyo bade bomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba bangazimela.
Enkosi kakhulu ngalo lonke ulwazi, indinike isixa.
Ukubulisa 🙂
Enkosi ngokundithemba Jardinería On.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iingxaki, silapha.
Ukubulisa 🙂
Mholo:
Indawo yommelwane wam yasemaphandleni imdaka ngendlela engathethekiyo kwaye ineeshiti ezakhiweyo zikwimeko embi. Njengokuba bendisenza izithombo ezili-150 ze-oki quercus robus, bendifuna ukwenza udonga oluhlaza ukuze ndibambe umbono wommelwane. Bendicinga ukuba kunokwenzeka, zigcine kubude obuphezulu beemitha ezi-4 kwaye umgama ongakanani wokuzityala ukuze zivale. (Zizinto eziihektare ezi-4, ezisemaphandleni).
Enkosi ukusukela ngoku.
Molo, Marcelo.
Andikukhuthazi. Cinga ukuba yimithi enokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-40. Bayakunyamezela ukuthena, ewe, kodwa hayi kangako. Asiyomithi esetyenziswa njengothango.
Ukuba uyafuna, ndixelele awona manqanaba asezantsi asezantsi kwaye ndiza kukuxelela ezinye zeentlobo zemithi ezinokusetyenzwa njengothango, Imephu yelizwe umzekelo.
Ukubulisa
Kulula kakhulu ukufumana izithole zom-oki ezilungileyo. Ndine-oki yeRobus malunga neminyaka eli-15 ubudala kwaye kunyaka ophelileyo yanika inani elikhulu lama-chestnut. Lungisa umhlaba kunye neembiza zenayiloni ezimnyama kwaye utyale ama-chestnuts angama-300. Emva kobusika baqala ukuhluma kwaye ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuphela kwe-5 okanye kwe-6 behlulekile (kumazantsi e-hemisphere, e-Uruguay). Qaphela ukuba izithole azimeli kakuhle ilanga kwaye zikhula kakuhle kwi-semi-shade. Njengokuba umhlaba usezimbizeni usihla njengoko uqina, kuyimfuneko ukuwuzalisa ukuya kufikelela esiphelweni sawo. Ndiyenzile qho kwiinyanga ezimbini, emva kokuba iimolts zifike kwiisentimitha ezingama-20 ukuphakama. Ngoku kuza isigaba esinzima kakhulu, ukutyala zonke izithole. Ndicinga ukuba baya kuhlala kwihektare ngokulula. Umbuzo omnye, ngaba banokutyalwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ukunkcenkceshela ngokulula? Enkosi ukusukela ngoku.
Molo, Marcelo.
Okokuqala, enkosi kakhulu ngengcaciso yakho. Ndiqinisekile ukuba izokunceda abaninzi.
Ngokumalunga nombuzo wakho, eyona nto ilungileyo kukuwutyala entwasahlobo, kodwa ukuba wenziwe ngononophelo olukhulu kunye nokhathalelo (ngaphandle kokulawula iingcambu kakhulu), kwaye ukuba unkcenkceshelwa kamva, oko kunokuba kukuphinda bakhule ngaphandle iingxaki kungekudala.
Ukubulisa
Molweni, ndinee-oki malunga neenyanga ezili-10 ubudala, ndinazo ngeembiza ezingama-20-litre ngaphandle kwaye ezona zinkulu zimalunga nemitha enye, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba iza kuba ngumkhenkce kungekudala, kufuneka ndizibeke kwindawo egqunyiweyo nangona ndingaziniki zona Ilanga, okanye ukuba ndibashiya ngaphandle bayakusinda kwiqabaka? Ngaphandle koko, enye indlela kukwenza i-greenhouse ngeyiloni kwaye uyivalele ngaphandle.
Sawubona, uJuan.
Ndiza kubashiya bonke ngaphandle. I-Oak iyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka eziphakathi zisencinci kakhulu.
Kodwa ukuba awufuni ukubeka emngciphekweni, unokuhlala ushiya ezinye ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kunye nabanye, umzekelo ngeplastiki.
Ukubulisa