Wake wazibona izimbali ezincane ezakha amaqoqo futhi zilenga ezihlahleni? Banelukuluku lokwazi futhi bahle ngempela. Baziwa ngokuthi ama-catkins. Uma ungazazi ukuthi ziyini, ngincoma ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda.
Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi ayini ama-catkins nokuthi afaka kanjani impova. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizobiza imifino ethile lapho singathola khona lezi zimbali ezinhle.
Ayini ama-catkins?
Ake siqale ngokuchaza ukuthi ayini ama-catkins. Ezingeni le-botanical bachazwa ngokuthi iqoqo lezimbali ezithi, sezizonke, zakhe isipikili noma iqoqo lezimbali ezimbalwa ezihlanganiswe eduze. Ama-catkins ngokuvamile awafani nobulili, okungukuthi, abesifazane noma owesilisa, futhi alenga. Ziyizimbali ezilula kakhulu ezingenawo ama-sepals noma ama-petals. Ezinsikazi zehliswa zibe i-stigmata, kanti ezabesilisa zincishiswa zibe yi-stamens.
Ngokuvamile, ama-catkins ayizimbali zezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Amabhishi (UBetula)
- Ubhabhulini (I-Populus)
- Ama-alders (Alnus)
- Amantongomane (UCorylus)
- Ama-Chestnuts (I-Castanea)
- Ama-Encinas (I-Quercus ilex)
- Iminyezane (I-Salix)
Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi ziyizimbali ezibukisayo, kwezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla azikwazi ukubonakala ngaphandle kwalapho kusetshenziswa isibonakude, njengoba bevuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yemifino. Lokhu kwenzeka, isibonelo, endabeni ye I-Populus alba, eyaziwa nangokuthi ubhabhulini omhlophe.
Njengenjwayelo, izimbali zisiza kakhulu uma kuziwa ekuhlonzeni izinhlobo zezitshalo ezihlukene. Kanjalo nama-catkins, ngezinye izikhathi aze abe nemibala egqamile. Ngenxa yazo, kungaba lula ngathi ukubona izinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla.
Ama-catkin adluliselwa kanjani impova?
Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, izimbali zesilisa, ezivame ukuqoqwa ngama-catkins, zinesibopho khiqiza impova esebenza ukuvundisa i-ovary yezimbali zabesifazane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ubulili bobubili buqhakaza ngezikhathi ezihlukene: Ngenkathi eziduna ziqhakaza ngo-Okthoba, ezinsikazi aziqhakazi kuze kube uJanuwari, okungenani uma kwenzeka ama-hazelnuts. Ngale ndlela, izimbali zesilisa ziyakhula futhi lapho zifinyelela ukuvuthwa, izimbali zesifazane ziyavuleka ukuze ukuvundiswa kuqhutshwe ngempumelelo.
Ngokuqondene nesenzo sempova ngokwaso, ngokuvamile siqhutshwa umoya. Umoya uthwala izigidi zezinhlamvu ezincane zempova ezikhiqizwa ama-catkin kuze kufike ekucwaseni. Ngemva kwale nqubo, ithubhu lempova liqala ukukhula lize lifinyelele esisekelweni senhlamba. Ngakho ungena enkathini yokuphumula evame ukuthatha phakathi kwezinyanga ezine neziyisihlanu. Ngemva kwalesi sikhathi, ukukhula kuyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho impova igcina ivundisa iqanda. Endabeni ye-hazelnut, isibonelo, udonga lwe-ovary yigobolondo le-hazelnut futhi imbewu ngokuyisisekelo i-embryo. Lokhu kukhula kube isithelo se-hazelnut.
Yiziphi izitshalo ezinama-catkins?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusengadini noma phakathi nemvelo, maningi amathuba okubona lezi zimbali ezinelukuluku. Okulandelayo sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezine zezihlahla ezinama-catkins agqama ngobuhle bazo, ngaleyo ndlela zithandwa kakhulu kuzo zombili izingadi zomphakathi nezizimele.
Umzala omhlophe (I-Salix alba)
Isihlahla esinama-catkins amahle kakhulu umzala omhlophe, owaziwa nangokuthi I-Salix alba. Kulokhu akhiwa isikhathi eside futhi ukuzalwa kwawo kwenzeka entwasahlobo.
Singathola i-white willow e-Asia, eYurophu futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo eNyakatho Afrika. Nokho, isihlahla esitshalwe abantu ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukene izinkulungwane zeminyaka, ngakho cishe akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqondile ukuthi iyini indawo yayo yemvelo. Kokubili eziQhingini zaseBalearic naseNhlonhlweni kuyinto evamile ukuyithola futhi ihlakazeke kakhulu.
Umuthi wase-HolmI-Quercus ilex)
Futhi i-oki, eyaziwa ngokuthi I-Quercus ilex, inama-catkin ayigugu anombala ophuzi no-ocher. Izimbali zayo zivela entwasahlobo futhi ziqoqwe ngamaqoqo alengayo.
I-holm oak isihlahla ukuthi Itholakala kuso sonke isifunda esisoLwandle iMedithera. Nokho, i-subspecies I-Quercus ballota Itholakala kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, inenani labantu eliminyene phakathi nendawo. Kunalokho, i-subspecies I-Quercus ilex Kunalokho isatshalaliswa kulezo zindawo eziseduze nogu lwaseCantabrian kanye neMedithera, kusukela eziqhingini zaseBalearic naseCatalonia kuya e-Almería. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ezindaweni lapho zombili lezi zinhlobo ezincane zigqagqana khona, izihlahla ezixubile ziyakhula, zinciphise izici ezihlukanisayo zazo zombili lezi zinhlobo.
I-Silver birch (i-betula pendula)
Esinye isihlahla esinama-catkins ayigugu yi-birch yesiliva noma i-betula pendula. Kulokhu, ama-catkins angamadoda futhi kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi ayakhula kuze kube yilapho impova ikhishwa njengoba amaqabunga amaqabunga eqala ukuvuleka. Kunalokho, ama-catkins wesifazane akhomba phezulu futhi mafushane kakhulu. Ngemuva kwempova, lapho imbewu iqala ukukhula, iqala ukulenga phansi.
I-birch yesiliva Isatshalaliswa kuyo yonke inyakatho yeMorocco, entshonalanga ye-Asia futhi cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Kodwa-ke, eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia kuvame kakhulu ukusuka eGalicia kuya ePyrenees.
I-poplar emhlopheI-Populus alba)
Ekugcineni kusala ukugqamisa ubhabhulini omhlophe, noma I-Populus alba. Izimbali zawo zesifazane zakha izimbali ezinde, ezilengayo, okungama-catkin. Lezi ziqinile futhi Ngokuvamile zivela endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yesihlahla.
Singathola ubhabhulini omhlophe eNyakatho Afrika, eNtshonalanga ye-Asia namaphakathi naseningizimu yeYurophu. Lolu hlobo lwe-arboreal lusetshenziswa kakhulu njengomhlobiso noma ukugcwalisa izindawo ezithile. ENhlonhlweni yase-Iberia, i-poplar emhlophe ikhula cishe kuzo zonke izifunda ngokwemvelo. Ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimanzi kakhulu ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga kanye nogu lwaseCantabrian. Kodwa-ke, eziQhingini zaseBalearic kubhekwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwasungulwa.
Manje njengoba sesazi ukuthi ayini ama-catkins nokuthi singawatholaphi, singabheka esikhathini esizayo lapho sihamba khona. Ngokuqinisekile kuyoba lula ngathi ukubona ukuthi hlobo luni lwesihlahla.