La isitshalo semidumba ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kubantu. Kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi kunjalo, ukuthi izithelo zawo beziyisisekelo sokudla kwethu eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane, futhi nanamuhla ngaphandle kwazo ukudla-okunempilo- bekuzoba kubi impela.
Kepha sengathi lokho bekunganele, futhi noma kunzima ukukukholelwa, angikhulumi nje ngohlobo lwesitshalo olusetshenziswa njenge-horticultural kuphela, kepha futhi lungathatha isihlahla noma isihlahla esinenani elikhulu lokuhlobisa. Ingabe siyayazi? 🙂
Izici zesitshalo semidumba
ICassia fistula
Uma sikhuluma ngezitshalo ezinamagilebhisi sibhekisa kwezinye Izinhlobo zezihlahla ezingama-19.400, izihlahlana, izitshalo ezine-herbaceous kanye nokukhuphuka zisatshalaliswa kuzizukulwane ezingama-730 ezitholakala emhlabeni wonke, yize kwaziwa ukuthi kuphela emahlathini emvula ane-neotropical kukhona cishe izihlahla eziyi-16% zemidumba. Bonke bangabomndeni wakwaFabaceae (owake waba yiLeguminosae).
Izici zayo eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Kushiya: Ngokuvamile ziyashintshana, zihlanganiswe, ziphinywe noma zenziwe kabili, ngomunwe noma nge-trifoliate. Ziyakwazi zisetshenziswa noma deciduous. Zingaba nameva.
- Izikhukhula: amancane noma amakhulu, akhiwa ngamacembe ama-5 aphuzi noma abomvana. Ama-inflorescence wohlobo lwe-Raceme aqoqiwe, okuyi-terminal noma i-axillary.
- Izithelo: kuyimbumba (yingakho igama) lobude obuguqukayo okuthi, lapho ivulwa, iveze imbewu.
- Imbewu: zivame ukuba ziningi. Zinezitashi eziningi namaprotheni, kanti kwesinye isikhathi zingamafutha.
- Ifa: zivame ukujula, futhi zivame ukuhlotshaniswa namagciwane ohlobo lweRhizobium olufaka i-nitrogen esemkhathini.
Izizwe zomndeni
Izithelo ze- I-Caesalpinia gilliesii // Isithombe - Wikimedia / Paul veriter
"Izizwe" zaseBotany ziyiqembu lezitshalo ezinezici eziyinhloko ezihambisana nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zomndeni, kodwa azifani ncamashi. Isibonelo, izinhlobo zezinhlobo zeFabaceae yi- ubhontshisi (eyaziwa ngokuthi ubhontshisi obanzi), kepha kunezitshalo eziningi okuthi, noma zifana nazo ezintweni ezibalulekile (izithelo, amaqabunga), ziyizinhlobo ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Hhayi-ke, lezi zinhlobo zehlukaniswe ngezizwe ezahlukahlukene, ezingafana "nemindeni emincane" ngaphakathi komndeni "omkhulu" uFabaceae. Futhi yilezi:
- I-Cercideae: yizihlahla nemivini edabuka ezifundeni ezifudumele nezishisayo, ikakhulukazi iMelika ne-Afrika. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yilezi:
- I-Detarieae: Ngokuvamile ziyizihlahla ezishisayo ezidabuka e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika.
- IseCaesalpinioideae: yizihlahla, izihlahlana, amakhambi noma ngezinye izikhathi izitshalo ezikhuphukayo ezizalwa ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika nase-Afrika. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu yilezi:
- I-Cesalpinia
- USenna
- UGleditsia
- I-Mimosoideae: ziyizihlahla noma izihlahlana ezinamahlamvu amahle kakhulu, acishe abe nezimpaphe ngokubukeka, ezivela ezifundeni ezifudumele zaseMelika nase-Afrika. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:
- I-Acacia
- I-Albizia
- UCalliandra
- Izazi
- faboideae: yizihlahla, izihlahlana, imivini noma i-herbaceous native emhlabeni wonke ngaphandle kwezifunda ezibandayo. Izitshalo zentshisekelo yokudla okukhethekile kubantu zigxilwe kulesi sizwe, njenge ubhontshisi obanzi, amantshontsho, ama-clover, inkinobho yomcibisholo wokuphenya, noma uphizi. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Astragalus
- ICrotalaria
- I-Eriosema
- I-Erythrina
- I-Lupinus
- i-vetch
- I-Trifolium
Ubucabangani ngalesi sihloko?