iimonster

Izityalo zohlobo iimonster Zihlala zithathwa njengezangaphakathi, kuba ngelishwa zibanda kakhulu; eneneni, xa amaqondo obushushu esihla engaphantsi kwe-10 ngokukaCelsius aqala ukuba nobunzima, ngaphandle kokuba akhuselekile.

Kukho malunga neentlobo ezingama-60, kwaye zonke zibonakaliswa ngokuba namagqabi amakhulu kakhulu, ngaphezu kwezo zininzi zezityalo. Ke, Banyanyekelwa njani?

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Luhlobo lwezityalo olwenziwe malunga nama-60 eentlobo ezichaziweyo ezivela eMexico naseTropiki eMelika. Bayakhula njengabaqengqelezi, bazibambise phakathi kwesiqu namasebe emithi, kwaye bazincede ngeengcambu zabo zomoya, ezisebenza njengeankile (ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka). Enkosi ngaloo nto, zinokufikelela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezinomtsalane njenge-15 okanye i-20 yeemitha.

Amagqabi ayatshintshana, enesikhumba, kwaye makhulu: ama-25 ukuya kuma-130cm ubude (njengoko kunjalo nange monster dubia, loluphi olona hlobo lukhulu) kunye ne-15 ukuya kwi-80cm ububanzi. Ihlala inenkangeleko yokuvuza.

Iintyatyambo zivela kwi-inflorescence ebizwa ngokuba yi-spadix eyi-5-45cm ubude. Isiqhamo sisihloko samajikijolo amhlophe, siyatyiwa kwezinye zeMonstera.

Iintlobo eziphambili

• Monstera emnandi: yaziwa kakhulu. Amagama abo aqhelekileyo adam ubambo okanye i-ceriman, kwaye ixhaphake ukusuka emazantsi eMexico ukuya kumantla eArgentina. Ifikelela kwi-20 yeemitha ukuphakama, kunye namagqabi angama-20 ukuya kuma-90cm ubude ngama-20 ukuya kuma-80cm ububanzi. Ivelisa iziqhamo ezikunyaka wazo wokuqala zinetyhefu, kodwa ezisuka kunyaka wesibini zingatyiwa.
• Monstera oblique: yemveli kuMbindi Merika. Ubungakanani bayo kunye neempawu zayo ziyafana kakhulu nezangaphambili, kuphela kukuba ikhula kancinci (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 yeemitha) kwaye inamagqabi amancinci (angama-20 ukuya kuma-60cm ubude ngama-20 ukuya kuma-60cm ububanzi).

Yintoni ukhathalelo lweMonstera?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi, sicebisa ukuba ubonelele ngale nkathalelo ilandelayo:

Ubicación

• Ngaphakathi: kufuneka ibe kwigumbi eliqaqambileyo, ngaphandle kweedrafti (kungatshisi okanye kungabandi). Ukuba sisityalo esikhulu kakhulu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusibeka egumbini lokuhlala okanye kwenye indawo apho inokuma kakuhle.
• phandleIndawo kwindawo enomthunzi omncinci, kuba iyatshisa elangeni.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yeentyatyamboKucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe enye echumileyo kwaye ikwaququzelela ukuhambisa amanzi, njenge-70% mulch (Yifumane apha) Kuxutywe ne 30% ye perlite (kwintengiso apha), arlite (injani lento ka apha) okanye ezifanayo.
• Jadini: Ikhula kwimihlaba etyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo.

Unkcenkceshelo

IMontera, ekubeni izalelwe emahlathini ashushu, zizityalo ezithanda ukufuma okuphezulu kwendalo. Kodwa xa zikhulile ngaphandle kweendawo ezivela kuzo, ngakumbi xa sinazo kwimozulu epholileyo, kufuneka ujonge ngononophelo unkcenkceshelo kungenjalo iingcambu zawo beziza kubola ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuthathela ingqalelo oku, eyona nto unokuyenza kukujonga ukufuma komhlaba ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke nokuyinkcenkceshela, ubuncinci kumaxesha ambalwa okuqala de ube ufumana ukuxhoma. Ukwenza oku, ungafaka intonga encinci yomthi; Ukuba xa uyikhupha, iphuma nomhlaba omninzi uncanyathiselwe, musa ukunkcenkceshela.

Olunye ukhetho kukusebenzisa imitha yokufuma yedijithali okanye ulinganise imbiza xa sele unkcenkceshelwe kwaye kwakhona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.

Sebenzisa amanzi emvula, okanye asilele amanzi angenal lime.

Chela: ewe okanye hayi? Kwaye ngoba?

Kuyinto yesiko ukutshiza izityalo ezigcinwa ngaphakathi ezindlini, kodwa mna andikukhuthazi oko, ngaphandle kwentwasahlobo-ehlotyeni, kwaye andiyithandi loo nto. Amagqabi awakwazi ukufunxa amanzi ngqo; eneneni, xa kunetha imingxunya (stomata) ivale.

Ingxaki yokuba ne-pores ezivaliweyo kukuba ngeli xesha yonke imisebenzi yayo iyacothisa okanye iyeke, kwaye enye yazo iyaphefumla. Kule kufuneka kongezwe oko Iifungi zithanda kanye loo nto: ukufuma okuphezulu kunye nobuthathaka obuboniswa sisityalo; ayothusi ke into yokuba xa efafazwa rhoqo amagqabi aqala ukubonisa amabala amdaka okanye amnyama.

Ngapha koko, into ekufuneka uyenzile kukucoceka uthuli amaxesha ngamaxesha, ngelaphu kunye nobisi oluncinci okanye amanzi acociweyo.

Umbhalisi

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlawule ngayo Izichumisi zendalo, kusetyenziswa ulwelo ukuba lukhulile embizeni.

Ukuthena

Nje kufuneka ususe amagqabi ayomileyo ngesikere -ungasebenzisa leyo yasekhitshini- ngaphambili wawukhe wabulala iintsholongwane kwivenkile yotywala ekhemesti okanye amathontsi nje okuhlamba izitya.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

Ngentwasahlobo. Ukuba ibhotile, tshintshela kwenye enkulu kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

Banokuchaphazeleka:

• Izilwanyana: njenge Isigcawu esibomvu. Zibangela ukubonakala kwamabala amancinci kakhulu. Zilwa ngeacaricides.
• Mealybugs: batya incindi yeziqu zethenda. Bangasuswa ngesandla (ngeglavu), okanye nge-anti-mealybug. Olunye ulwazi.
• Uhambo: Zifana nee-earwigs kodwa kuguqulelo oluncinci. Ziphinda zitye incindi yamagqabi, ishiye ilindle lawo (amachaphaza amnyama) kunye namabala. Zilwelwa ngamachiza okubulala izinambuzane, okanye ngomhlaba onamanzi onokuwufumana apha. Olunye ulwazi.
• Amakhowa: Njenge phytophthora okanye iCercospora. Zivelisa amabala amdaka okanye atyheli. Zilwa nefungicides.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-Monstera yanda ngembewu kunye nokusika. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye:

Imbewu

Kufuneka zityalwe kwakamsinya nje emva kokuba zivuthiwe (iinyanga eziyi-8-10 emva kwempumlo), kuba ubomi bazo obuzolileyo bufutshane kakhulu. Nje ukuba unabo, landela eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, gcwalisa imbiza malunga ne-13cm kunye nokukhula okuphakathi.
2. Emva koko, hlwayela ubuninzi bembewu ezi-3 ngaphezulu, uqinisekise ukuba zahlulwe kancinane omnye komnye.
3. Emva koko uwagqume ngomaleko omncinci we-substrate, kunye namanzi.
4. Okokugqibela, beka imbiza kwindawo efudumeleyo ngaphandle kwelanga ngqo.

Ngale ndlela, ziyakuhluma malunga neeveki ezi-3 ukuba amaqondo obushushu ajikeleze ama-20-25ºC.

Ukusika

Yande ngokusikwa ehlotyeni, ukulandela eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, kufuneka usike i-apical stem cut kunye nezikere zangaphambili ezingafakwanga zintsholongwane.
2. Emva koko, faka isiseko sayo nge iiarhente zokwenza ukhula ekhaya.
3. Emva koko yityale embizeni malunga ne-15 ukuya kwi-20cm ububanzi.
4. Okokugqibela, nkcenkceshela kwaye ubeke imbiza kwindawo eqaqambileyo kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga ngqo.

Ukutshiza amaxesha ngamaxesha ngamanzi acociweyo okanye amanzi emvula, kunye nokugcina i-substrate ifumile (kodwa ayikhukulisi), uyakufumana ingcambu emva kweeveki ezi-4-6.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Ayimelani nengqele okanye iqabaka.

Ucinga ntoni ngeMonstera? Unaye umntu?