Iindidi ezili-12 zezityalo zeziqhamo

Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zezityalo zeziqhamo ezikhoyo? Ukuba ungomnye wabo bafuna ukwaba umhlaba wakho, ipatio okanye ithala lokulinywa kweentlobo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo into onokuthi uyithande: kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo eziza kuba luncedo kuzo. wena. Kodwa ewe: kunyanzelekile ukuba ubazi kancinci, kungenjalo uya kugqibela usebenzisa imali elilize.

Umzekelo, kufuneka wazise ngeemfuno zayo zokukhanya kunye nobungqongqo bayo, kuba a, masithi, imango ayizukukhula ngokunjalo kwindawo apho imeko yemozulu ishushu kwaye inomswakama kunakwenye apho kubhaliswe khona iqabaka. Ke ngoko, Apha ngezantsi sikubonisa ukhetho lwezityalo zeziqhamoZilungele ukukhula kwindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo (oko kukuthi, iindawo apho iqondo lobushushu lisehla ngaphantsi kwe-0 degrees).

Imithi yeziqhamo

Yonke imithi ivelisa iziqhamo, kodwa ayiyiyo yonke elungele ukusetyenziswa ngabantu. Kwakhona, kukho ezinye ezinqabileyo kwaye ezinye zihlala ziluhlaza. Awuqinisekanga ukuba yeyiphi oyikhethayo? Subanexhala.

Ukwenza kube lula kuwe, siza kukuxelela imizekelo embalwa yohlobo ngalunye:

Isigqibo

Iamangile

El iamangile, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi IPrunus dulcis, ngumthi onqabileyo odabuka e-Asiya, kodwa ubukwingingqi yeMeditera isithuba seminyaka engama-2000 (ngokwe-Wikipedia), ngelaxesha amaFenike ayazisa ngayo. Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5, kwaye ngomnye wemithi yeziqhamo efuna eyona yure ibandayo (phakathi kwama-200 nama-500).

Ufuna ilanga. Sisityalo ekufuneka silinywe kudongwe okanye kwimihlaba engathathi hlangothi ukuze sikhule. Kwangokunjalo, kulula ukuyinkcenkceshela amaxesha ngamaxesha, kuba nangona iyayichasa imbalela ngandlela ithile, ikhula ngcono kakhulu ukuba ifumana amanzi rhoqo, ngakumbi ehlotyeni. Eminye, iyamelana ukuya kuthi ga kwi -7ºC, nangona iqabaka lentwasahlobo lisenzakalisa.

eDamasko

Iapilkosi okanye umthi weapilkosi, ogama lakhe lenzululwazi ngu Prunus armeniacaaca, ngumthi onqabileyo owinzalelwane yaseArmenia. Ifikelela phakathi kweemitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuphakama, kwaye linameva ngandlel 'ithile. Ivelisa i-subglobose okanye iziqhamo ze-ellipsoidal, ezinesikhumba esimthubi okanye ngombala weorenji.

Ifuna umhlaba ochumileyo, ofunxwe kakuhle, kunye nokuvezwa lilanga. Ngokubhekisele kwimingcipheko, kufuneka ibe phakathi. Kwimveliso yeziqhamo elungileyo, kunyanzelekile ukuba imozulu ibeshushu, kunye neqabaka ziye kuthi ga kwi -12ºC.

Umthi weapile

El Umthi weapile, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi Malus yekhaya, ngumthi onqabileyo owinzalelwane yase China. Unokufikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-12, kodwa kulimo kunqabile ukuba kuvunyelwe ukugqitha iimitha ezi-3. Ngokungafaniyo nenye iMalus, ayinangqoloba. Isiqhamo sawo yi-globose pommel enesikhumba esibhityileyo, luhlaza, tyheli, okanye bomvu kuxhomekeke kudidi.

Kufuneka ityalwe kwindawo enelanga, inkcenkceshelwe ngendlela ethintela umhlaba ukuba ungominjengoko ndingayi kuyichasa. Ingakhula kwimihlaba yodongwe, ukuba ayizukuntywila (okanye, ukuba iyayenza, yifunxa amanzi ngeqondo elifanelekileyo). Iyamelana neqabaka ukuya kwi -12ºC.

Isihlala sihlaza

UNaranjo

Umthi weorenji, ogama lakhe lenzululwazi ngu I-sinicisensens, ngumthi oyinzalelwane yase China nase Indochina leyo ifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezili-10. Amagqabi ayo makhulu, aluhlaza ngombala, kwaye uvelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe nezikhupha ivumba elimnandi. Isiqhamo yi-hesperidium, erhangqiweyo, enamaxolo e-orenji kunye nomgubo owahlulwe ngokwamacandelo amaninzi.

Ingakhuliswa kwimozulu eshushu, kwilanga elipheleleyo nakwisanti okanye kumhlaba oyisanti oyisanti, i-pH yayo iphakathi kwesi-6 nesi-7. Iyayinyamezela ilitye lekalika, kodwa kwezi kuyakufuneka ukuba kugalelwe i-iron chelate amaxesha ngamaxesha, okanye ichumise ngesichumiso esithile sezityalo ezineasidi. Iyamelana neqabaka ezibuthathaka, ezantsi ukuya -5ºC, kodwa kukhethwa ukuba ingawi ngezantsi -2ºC

IMedlar

El Imedlar, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi UEriobotrya japonica, sisiqhamo esizalelwa eChina ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-10. Kufuneka iqatshelwe ubuhle bamagqabi ayo, amakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezingama-30, luhlaza mnyama kwicala elingasentla, kunye ne-pubescence eshinyeneyo ngaphantsi. Iziqhamo zi-pyriform, ellipsoid okanye i-subglobose pommel, tyheli ukuya ku-orenji xa ivuthiwe.

Ayinyanzeli. Iyanyamezela isixa esikhulu somhlaba kunye nemozulu, ekwaziyo ukuhlala kuzo zombini iitropiki nakwiindawo ezifudumeleyo. Into oyifunayo lilanga kunye namanzi rhoqo. Iyachasa ukuya kuthi ga -7ºC, kodwa kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba ukuze uthwale isiqhamo kubalulekile ukuba iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi enyakeni lilingane okanye likhulu kune-15ºC, yiyo loo nto ithathwa njengomthi weziqhamo wonxweme.

Olivo

Umnquma, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi I-Olea europaea, ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza okwemvelo kummandla weMeditera, othi ikhula ifike kwiimitha ezingama-15 ukuphakama. Isithsaba sayo sibanzi, nesiqu saso sishinyene, kwaye njengoko singenameva, sisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa umyezo kunye neziqhamo zawo. Ezi zi-olive, oko kukuthi, iidrump ezinencasa zombala oluhlaza okanye omnyama kuxhomekeke kudidi.

Ikhula kwimihlaba enomjelo olungileyo, kwilanga elipheleleyo. Iyayichasa imbalela kakuhle (ngamava ndiyakuxelela ukuba ihlala kakuhle ne-350mm yemvula yonyaka, ukuba ityalwe emhlabeni). Akudingeki ukuba ichithe iiyure zokubanda ukuvelisa iziqhamo, nangona kubalulekile ukuba iqabaka libuthathaka, lihle liye kwi - 10ºC.

Izihlahla zemithi kunye nemidiliya

Kunqabile ukuba sicinge ngezi zityalo, kodwa inyani kukuba zinokusinika umdlalo omninzi. Umzekelo, ukunciphisa iindlela, okanye ukuzikhulisa ngeembiza, zinomdla kakhulu:

I-Blueberry

El cranberry, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi I-vaccinium corymbosum, sisihlahla esihlala sihlaza esihlala eMelika. Inomjikelo ojikeleziweyo, kwaye ifikelela kubude obuphezulu beemitha ezi-2. Ivelisa iziqhamo ezincinci, ezingqukuva, eziluhlaza okomhlaza xa zivuthiwe.

Yi shrub ethe-ethe umoya, leyo ihlala kwimihlaba eneasidi encinci ene-pH phakathi ko-4 no-5. Kwelinye icala, iyachasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi -15ºC.

Mnyama

Umnyama omnyama, ogama lakhe lenzululwazi IPrunus spinosa, sisihlahla esinqumayo ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-4. Ine-branched kakhulu kwaye ibambekile ethweleyo, kunye nameva. Iziqhamo zi-oval drupes zebluish, purplish okanye umbala omnyama.

Ikhula kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo, kwaye njengoko inyamezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi -15ºC, ngokungathandabuzekiyo inomdla kakhulu embizeni kunye nokuba segadini.

ikiwi

El ikiwi, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi Actinidia emnandi, ngumdiliya onqabileyo owazalelwa e-Asiya, ngakumbi i-China. Inokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-9 ukuphakama ukuba inenkxaso yokukhwela kuyo. Ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe nezinuka kamnandi neziqhamo ezingamaqunube amile okweqanda. Ulusu lwezi luhle kakhulu, luhlaza bumdaka, kwaye umgubo uluhlaza oqaqambileyo.

Ikhula zombini elangeni nakwiindawo ezinomthunzi okhethekileyo. Umhlaba kufuneka ubunzulu kwaye ucebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Inqaba ukuya kwi -7ºC.

Ezinye izityalo zeziqhamo

Ukhe wayibona imithi, amatyholo kunye nezinye izityalo ezinyukayo ezineziqhamo ezityiwayo. Kodwa ... kukho ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ezikwacetyiswa kakhulu:

Umhla

Umthi wesundu, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi ngu IPhoenix dactylifera, ngumthonyama wesundu kumzantsi-ntshona weAsia. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-multilayered (oko kukuthi, ikhula iigunki ezininzi), kodwa ingaba ne-monocaule (enye i-trunk). Ifikelela kubude beemitha ezingama-30, enobubanzi obungu-20 ukuya ku-50 cm. Amagqabi ayo aphinyiwe kwaye ajikeleza, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 yeemitha ubude. Ivelisa iziqhamo ezi-oblong-ovoid orange berries, ezibizwa ngokuba yimihla.

Ukulima ayifuni, kodwa Kufuneka ityalwe kwimihlaba ekhupha amanzi kakuhle, kunye nelanga elipheleleyo. Inqaba ukuya kwi -4ºC.

Strawberry

La Ndingathanda ipere yezinto zokukhafula kwiishethi, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi UFragaria vesca, is a herb engapheliyo (ihlala iminyaka eliqela) leyo ifikelela kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30. Amagqabi ayo zii-arrosetadas, ezinamaphecana amathathu. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe mhlophe, kwaye iziqhamo zayo zinepolyaqueni, zibomvu ngombala xa zivuthiwe.

Ifuna ukuba kwindawo ekhuselekileyo elangeni, nangona inokuthi ivelise iziqhamo kwisithunzi esimnyama. Unkcenkceshelo kufuneka lubekho rhoqo, kuba aluyixhasi imbalela. Inqaba ukuya kwi -8ºC.

Umthi webhanana

Zininzi iintlobo zemithi yebhanana, kodwa ayizizo zonke ezivelisa iibhanana ezityiwayo. Enye yezo zinto ziyenzayo ngumxube Muse x paradisiaca. Yi megaforbia (imifuno emikhulu) leyo ifikelela kubude beemitha ezi-7, anamagqabi apheleleyo nogudileyo malunga neemitha ezi-3 ubude ngeesentimitha ezingama-90 ububanzi. Ivelisa iziqhamo ezingamaqunube angeyonyani ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezingama-30 ubude ukuya kuma kwiisentimitha ezi-5 ububanzi, ezinesikhumba esimthubi kunye nomgubo okhaphukhaphu kancinane.

Ifuna ilanga elininzi kunye namanzi, kunye nobushushu. Umhlaba kufuneka unkcenkceshe kakuhle, nangona unyamezele amadama ngamaxesha athile kwaye awuhlali ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-48. Ayisosityalo esikhula kwindawo ebandayo: amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe 0 degrees abulala omabini amagqabi kunye nesiqu, kodwa irhizome iyasinda kwiqabaka ezibuthathaka ukuya kuthi ga ku-2ºC. E-Spain inokwenzeka kunxweme lweMeditera, apho iqondo lobushushu lonyaka eliyi-14ºC okanye nangaphezulu, nalapho iqabaka ifika ngexesha kwaye imfutshane; Ngapha koko, kwiindawo ezininzi zeCanary Islands ikwalinyiwe.

Ngaba uyazi ezinye izityalo zeziqhamo?